HAWK

The. Arabic baʾz ( باز‎ ), ṣaqr ( صقر‎ ). It is lawful to hunt with hawks provided they are trained. A hawk is held to be trained when she obeys the voice of her master. [ HUNTING .] ḤAYĀʾ ( حياء‎ ). “Shame, pudency, modesty.” The word does not occur in the Qurʾān, but in the Traditions it is said, “ Allāhu ḥayīyun ,” i.e . “God acts with modesty.” By which is understood that God hates that which is immodest or shamele . Muḥammad is related to have said, “Modesty ( ḥayāʾ ) brings nothing but good.” ( Mishkāt , book xxii. ch. xix.) ḤAYĀT ( حيوة‎ ). “Life.” The word frequently occurs in the Qurʾān, e.g . Sūrah xviii. 44 , “Wealth and children are an adornment of the life of this world.” Sūrah ii. 25 , “For you in retaliation is there life , O ye po e ors of mind!” Al-Ḥayātu ʾd-dunyā , “the worldly life,” is a term used in the Qurʾān for those things in this world which prevent from attaining to the eternal life of the next world. Sūrah ii. 80 : “Those who have bought this worldly life with the future, the torment shall not be lightened from them nor shall they be helped.” HAYŪLĀ ( هـيـولى‎ ). “Matter.” The first principle of everything material. It does not occur in either the Qurʾān or the Ḥadīs̤. ḤAYẒ ( حـيـض‎ ). Menses. [ MENSTRUATION .] ḤAẔAR ( حذر‎ ). According to Arabic lexicons, the word means vigilance or a cautious fear, but it only occurs twice in the Qurʾān, and in both instances it implies terror. Sūrah ii. 18 : “They put their fingers in their ears at the thunder-clap for fear of death.” ( Ḥaẕaru ʾl-Maut .) Idem , 244 : “Dost thou not look at those who left their homes by you sands for fear of death.” AL -ḤAẒARĀTU ʾL-K͟HAMS ( الحضرات الخمس‎ ). According to the Kitābu ʾt-Taʿrifāt, al-ḥaẓarātu ʾl-K͟hamsu ʾl-Ilāhīyah , or “the five divine existences,” is a term used by the Ṣūfī mystics for the following:— 1. Ḥaẓratu ʾl-g͟haibi ʾl-mut̤laq , That existence which is absolutely unknown, i.e . God. 2. Ḥaẓratu ʾsh-shahādat i ʾl-mut̤laqah , Those celestial ( ajrām ) and terrestrial ( ajsām ) existences which are evident to the senses. 3. Ḥaẓratu ʿālam i ʾl-arwāḥ , That existence which consists of the spiritual world of angels and spirits. 4. Ḥaẓratu ʿālam i ʾl-mis̤āl , That existence, which is the unseen world, where there is the true likene of everything which exists on the earth. 5. Ḥaẓratu ʾl-jāmīʿah , The collective existence of the four already mentioned. ḤĀẒIR ẒĀMINĪ ( حاضر ضامنى‎ ). Bail for the person, which, according to the Imām Abū Ḥanīfah, is lawful. Bail for property is called māl ẓāminī . ḤAẒRAH ( حضرة‎ ) . Lit . “Presence.” This title of respect has no equivalent in English, as it is employed in a variety of acceptations. Applied to an officer of rank, it would mean “ your honour ”; to a clergyman, “ your reverence ”; to a king, “ your majesty .” When applied to the names of prophets, apostles, or saints, it expre es the sacredne of his office and character, i.e . our Saviour is called Ḥaẓratu ʿĪsā , and the Virgin Mary, Ḥaẓratu Maryam . The word is much used in Persian theological works. It is seldom used in this sense in Arabic books. Ḥaẓratu ʾllāh , “the presence of God,” is an Arabic term in prayer.