thirty, thretty, thritti, thritty

& s. [A. S. thritig, thrittig, from thri, thred three, and suff. -tig =ten; cogn. with Dut. dertig; Icel. thrjatiu; Dan. tredive; Sw. trettio; Ger. dreizig. ] A. As adj.: Thrice ten; ten three times repeated; twenty and ten. "Kyng Egbrygt adde ybe kyng thre and thritty yer, Thet fole of Dene march hyder com, as yt adde Robert of Gloucester , p. 259. y-do er." B. As substantive: 1. The number which consists of three times ten. 2. A symbol which represents thirty units, as xxx, or 30. The Thirty Tyrants: The thirty magistrates appointed by Sparta over Athens at the termination of the Peloponnesian war. They were overthrown in B. C. 403 after only one year's reign. thirty-nine articles. [ARTICLE, B. IV.] thirty-two, 8. Print.: A sheet of paper which folds up into thirty-two leaves or sixty-four pages. Usually written 32mo. Thirty-years' war, s . History: The name given to a European war, or rather a succe ion of wars, wars, which lasted for thirty years (1618-1648), and in which Austria, most of the Catholic princes of Germany, and Spain were engaged on one side throughout, but against different antagonists. The contest was virtually a renewal of the struggles which took place in the days of Charles V.-Protestant ism a erting itself, and Papacy determined if po ible to keep it down. France took an active part on the Protestant side; for, though Richelieu oppre ed the Protestants in France, he helped those of Germany in order to weaken that Power, and so injure a dangerous rival. There were three distinct periods in the struggle. In the first Austria, under Wal lens tein, was completely victorious, and threatened to subdue all Germany. In the second the Protestants, under Gustavus Adolphus, carried all before them and in the third victory was more uncertain and more equally divided. Peace was established by the Treaty of Westphalia (1648), which guaranteed religious liberty to both Luther ans and Calvinists, and made extensive territorial changes at the expense of Austria and Germany. France obtained Alsace (which became German again in 1871), and the State of Brand enb erg, received still larger additions; these were in 1701 merged in the new king German Empire (1871). spoken. It also frequently represents a word, a sentence, or a clause, and in some cases it refers to something to be immediately said or done. "But know this , that if the goodman of the house had known in what watch the thief would come, he would have watched and would not have suffered his house to be broken up." -Matthew xxiv. 43. 3. This is used absolutely to denote present place, state, condition, or the like. "O Antony, I have followed thee to this." Shakesp.: Antony and Cleopatra, v. 1. 4. Used in reference to time, this may refer to: (1) The present time; as, this day, this week. It is also frequently used in this sense absolutely, as the present time, hour, . "Between this and supper." Shakesp.: Coriolanus , iv. 3. (2) Time past; the time immediately before the present. "Whereon this month I have been hammering." Snakesp .: Two Gentlemen, i. 3. (3) Time to come; futurity. " This night I'll waste in sorrow." Shakesp.: Venus and Adonis , 583. (1) This is often used in connection with numbers instead of the plural these , the sum being con sidered, as it were, a total. "Which for this nineteen years we have let slip." Shakesp.: Measure for Measure, i. 3. (2) Shakespeare used the phrases this even, this night , in the sense of last even , last night. "My troublous dream this night doth make me sad." Shakesp.: Henry VI., Pt . II ., i. 2. 5. This , when used as opposed or correlative to that , refers properly to the nearest person or object, that referring to the more distant. But the two words are frequently used to denote reference indefinitely: "Two ships, Of Corinth that , of Epidaurus this ." Shakesp.: Comedy of Errors , i. 1. When used in reference to things spoken of, this refers to that last mentioned; that to a thing previously mentioned "Their judgment in this we may not, and in that we need not follow." - Hooker . Sometimes it is used in opposition to other: "Consider the arguments which the author had to write this , or to design the other before you arraign him." -Dryden. (1) This is sometimes found as a contraction for this is. " This a good friar, belike." Shakesp.: Measure for Measure, v. 1. (2) It is used, not to define or point to something, but to designate things or persons as sufficiently known in their qualities, sometimes in a good, oftener in a bad sense. "Where is this Hector?" Shakesp.: Troilus and Cre ida , v. 5. (3) By this: By or before this time; as, by this the man was gone. *(4) Used for thus or s0: "What am I that thou shouldst contemn me this?" Shakesp.: Venus and Adonis, 205. Thiş-bě, subst . [Latina Babylonian maiden described by Ovid ( Met . iv. 55) as committing suicide because she believed her lover, Pyramus, to be dead.] Astron.: [ASTEROID, 88.]. *this-ne , s. [Eng. this ; ne .] The state or quality of being this; hæcceity. [THATNESS.] "It is evident that samene , thisne , and thatne be long eth not to matter by itsell."- Sir K. Digby : Obsers. on Relijio Medici. pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; gō, pot, The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia thistle this-tle (tle as el), *this-til, *thys-tylle, s . [A. S. this tel ; cogn. with Dut. distel ; Icel. this till ; Dan. tidsel ; Sw. tistel ; O. H. Ger. distil , distula ; Ger. distel .] 1. Ord. Lang.: A name given to many plants with prickly stems, leaves and involucres, or having at least one of these parts prickly. Most are composites of the tribe Cynaree. Among these are the Spear thistle, Carduus lanceolatus , the emblem of Scotland; the Ble ed thistle, Carduus benedictus ; the Carline thistle, and many others. Britten & Holland enumerate forty-six species having thistle as the last word of their compound name. Some other plants are called thistles; thus the Mexican thistle, Argemone mexican a , is a poppy with prickly leaves. 2. Bot .: (1) The genus Carduus (q.v.). [CARLIN A, ONOPORDON.] Order of Thistle : A Scottish of 4071 thith'-er, *thed-er, *thid-er, *thyd-er, *thidir, adv . [A. S. dhider , dhyder ; cogn. with Icel. thadra =there; Goth. thathro =thence; Sansc. tatra =there, thither.] 1. To that place; opposed to hither. "And thither came John of Thirl est aine, Thirl est aine,,, And thither came William of Deloraine." Scott : Lay of the Last Minstrel , ii. 33. The place of thither has been largely taken in ordinary language by there . *2. To that end; to that point. Hither and thither : To this place and to that; one way and another; as, to run hither and thither in perplexity. *thith-er-tô, adverb . [Eng. thither , and to .] To that point; so far. thith'-er-ward, *thid-er-ward, *thid-er was instituted by James VII. (James II. of England), in 1687, when eight knights were nominated. It fell into abeyance during the reign of William and Mary, and was re IMG:content-1030.jpg:[blocks in formation] anthos=bloom.]