Refraction
Nuttall's Standard Dictionary of the English Language · 1890 · p. 150
re-frak'-shun, s.the change in the direction of a ray of light or heat as it pa es through a smooth surface into a medium ofa different density. Double refraction, the refracting of light in two directions Astronomical refraction, the apparent angular elevation of the celestial bodies above their true places, due to the refracting power of the air. Angle of refraction the angle made by a ray of light and a line perpendicular, to the surface of the medium through which it is pa ing.
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