To hang fire

( Mil.) To be slow in igniting the charge; as, the gun hangs fire. -v. n. To be suspended; to depend; to dangle; to be pendulous; to float; to be supported by something raised above the ground, without support from below; as, a hanging garden. "Over it a fair portcullis hung ." ( Spen ser.) To be put to death by suspension from the neck; to be strangulated by the halter. "The court forsakes him, and Sir Balaam hangs." - Pope . -To rest on something for support; to cling to; - with on or upon. "Hanging on Hotspur's neck." Shaks . To be incommodiously connected; to be a weight; to drag; as, time hangs heavy on one's hands. -To be delayed; to linger. "The monarch o'er the syren hung , And beat the measure as she sung." - Scott . To hover; to impend; to present a threatening aspect; (generally preceding over ;) as, a storm hangs over us. To lean; to incline; to have a downward tendency; to present a steep declivity; as, hanging grounds. "His neck obliquely o'er his shoulders hung." - Pope. -To be uncertain; to have the attention arrested; to be held in a state of suspense. To hang on or upon , (emphasizing the preposition,) to adhere; to hold fast or stick to. "Gloomine which is apt to hang upon the mind." ( Add is on .) - To hang to, to cling. To hang by the eyelids, to hang by a very frail hold or tenure; to be left incomplete, or in an unfinished condition. - To hang on the lips, or to hang on words, to be rapt or fascinated by eloquent speech. "Wond'ring senates hung on all he spoke ." ( Pope .) - To hang together , to remain united with, or as a part of a whole. "In the common cause... we hung together." (Dryden.)-To po e consistency or cohesion. " Your device hangs very well together ." (Dryden.) - To get the hang of , to acquire the knack of; to master with facility; as, to get the hang of a busine . Hang, n. [Ger.) A steep declivity. - Arrangement; method; order; plan; as, the hang of a discu ion. Hang-bird, n. (Zool.) A name sometimes given to the BALTIMORE ORIOLE, q . v., from its pendent nest. Hang'-by, n. A hanger-on; a dependant; - used in a contemptuous sense. (R.) corbel. Hanging Gardens, n. pl. (Antiq.) A series of magnificent gardens laid out on elevated terraces at Babylon, and supposed to have been constructed by Queen Semi ram is. According to Diodorus and Strabo, the form of these gardens was square, each side being about 400 feet in length; so that the area of the base was nearly four acres. In Dr. Falconer's Historical View of the Gardens of Antiquity , quoted in Loudon's Encyclopædia of Gardening, it is stated that "they were made to rise with terraces constructed in a curious manner, above one another, in the form of steps, and were supported by stone pillars to the height of more than 300 feet, gradually diminishing upwards till the area of the superior surface, which was flat, was reduced considerably below that of the base. This building was constructed by vast stone beams placed on pillars of stone (arches not being then invented), which were again covered with reeds, and cemented with bitumen, over which was placed a double row of bricks united with cement. These bricks were covered with plates of lead, which effectually prevented the moisture from penetrating downwards. Above all was laid a coat of earth, of depth sufficient for plants to grow in; and the trees planted there were of various kinds, and were ranged in rows on the side of the ascent, as well as on the top, so that at a distance it appeared as an immense pyramid covered with wood. The situation of this extraordinary effort of human skill aided by wealth was nearly adjoining to, or upon the river Euphrates, from which water was supplied by machinery for the fountains and reser Hangʻing Rock, in Ohio , a post-village of Lawrence county, on the Ohio River, about 110 miles S. by E. of Columbus. angʻing Rock, in W. Virginia , a village of Hampshire co., abt. 28 m. W. of Winchester. Hang'ings, n . pl . Lining for the walls of rooms, or arras, tapestry, .; as, paper- hangings . Hang'ing-side, n. ( Mining .) The side of an inclined vein which points over. Hang'ing-sleeves, n . pl. Loose strips of the same stuff as the dre or gown is made of, depending behind from the shoulders. "Shakes in hanging-sleeves the little box and dice."-Dryden. Hang'man, n.; pl . HANGMEN. One who hangs another; specifically, a public executioner; - sometimes, also, used as a term of reproach in reference to low, disreputable persons. "The fear o' hell 's a hangman's whip To haud the wretch in order." - Burns . Hang'manship, n. Office or character of a hangman. (R.) "I abominate and detest kang man ship." - W. S. Landor. Hang'nail, n. A small filament of skin hanging from the root of a finger-nail. Hang'-nest, n. A nest suspended from a bough or branch. - A hang-bird. Han'go-Udde, ( Hango Head ,) a promontory of Ru ia, at the extreme 8. of Finland, on the Gulf of Finland; Lat. 59° 46′ N., Lon. 22° 56′ E. Here the Czar, Peter the Great, in 1714, gained his first naval victory over the Swedes. Hang-Tcheou, or HANG-CHOO-roo, one of the largest and richest cities of China, cap. of prov. Tchè-kiang; on the Tsien-tang-kiang, 20 m. from its mouth in the Eastern Sea, and 140 m. S.E. of Nankin; Lat. 30° 20′ 20′′ N., Lon. 119° 48′ Ε. The city is surrounded with high and thick walls, said to be 10 m. in circuit. The Grand Canal has its terminus here in a large commodious basin. This city has, in consequence, a river-communication with Pekin, and a vast command of internal navigation, which it has turned to good account. H. is celebrated for its silk manufactures, and its embroidery excels that of any part of China. No city in China, unle it be that of Soo-chowfoo, po e es wealth to compare with that of this remarkable place, which. moreover, is the most literary and most religious city of the empire. Colleges and temples, TOWER OF THE THUNDERING WINDS. literati and priests, IMG:content-0516.png:[graphic] abound and flourish in Hang-choo-foo. One cause of the celebrity of the city is found in the beauty of its environs. The tower of the Thundering Winds (Fig. 1237), although in ruins, is still an imposing edifice, and perhaps, after the Great Wall, the only remains of ancient Chinese architecture extant; while monumental gateways, light airy bridges, and temples of the size of villages, render the natural beauties of the city highly picturesque. One of the temples po e es 500 images of the Io-han (Buddhist saints), of the size of life, richly covered with gold. Nothing can exceed the beauty of the valleys opening into the lake, richly adorned as they are with trees, chiefly the camphor and tallow trees, and the arbor vitæ. H.-T. was formerly the capital of the empire. Pop . estimated at 800,000. Hank, n. [Dan. hank , a handle, a hook, a tack, a clasp: Swed. hank , a band; Ger. henkel, a handle, a hook, an eye; allied to hang . The name given to two or more skeins of yarn, silk. or cotton, when tied together. When single they are called skeins . - In some parts of England, a latch; a hasp; a holdfast. -pl. ( Naut .) Rings of ash or iron, by which fore-andaft sails are confined to the stays on which they are severally suspended, and upon which stays the hanks slide, while the sail is in proce of being set or hauled down. The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia Hank'er, v. n. [D. hunkeren; allied to hank and hang .] To desire eagerly and longingly to get hold of or pos- se ion of something with a keen, restle appetite; to have a vehement desire for something, accompanied with uneasine ; generally before for or after ; as, to hanker after liberty, to hanker for a woman, .-To form a knot or group; to congregate; to cluster: as, to hanker about a doorway. IMG:content-0518.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0519.png:[blocks in formation] the war with Rome. - Another H. was one of the com- -A township of Lake co. manders under Hannibal in Italy, and was succe ful -A village of Ohio co., on Laughery's creek, about 4 m. on several occasions. -A township of Shelby co. Han'over, in Iowa , a township of All am akee co. Han'over, in Kansas , a post-village of Washington co. Han'over, in Maine , a post-town and township of Pop . (1895) 938. Oxford co. Han'over, in Maryland , a post-village of Howard co. Han'over, in Michigan , a post-village and township Han'over, in Ma achusetts , a post-town of Plymouth co., about 20 m. S.S.E. of Boston. Pop . (1895) 2,051. are largely cultivated and exported; rye and wheat too Han'over, in Ohio , a township of Ashland co. are grown the latter in insufficient quantities for home -A township of Butler co. demand. Potatoes, turnips, hemp, tobacco, hops, and -A township of Columbiana co. varions gra es are also extensively cultivated. Horses -A village of Harrison county, about 75 miles N. by E. are bred on an important scale, large numbers being an- cavalry service. Cattle and sheep-rearing is also exten- nually sold to the French and Italian governments for -A post-village and township of Licking co., abt, 8 m. E ly mined. Manuf . Linens, yarn, thread, osnaburgs, -A former township of Dauphin co., now divided into sively carried on. Min . Coal, salt, and iron are found in Han'over, in Pennsylvania, a township of Beaver considerable quantities, and in the Harz district active- hempen fabrics, machinery, chemicals, and india-rubber EAST and WEST HANOVER, q. v. and gutta-perch a wares. cap.), Einden, Göttingen, Osnabrück, Hildesheim, Lune--A township of Luzerne co. es. Chief towns. Hanover (the -A township of Lehigh co. burg, Stade, . Pop . (1880) 2,117,629; (1890) 2,278,- -A township of North amp ton co. 361; (1897) estimated at about 2,354,500. Hist . The -A township of Washington co. late kingdom of H. was formed out of the duchies form--A post-borough of York co., about 18 miles S.W. ot erly po e ed by several families of the junior branch of the house of Brunswick. Henry "the Proud," third duke of Bavaria, married Gertrude, the ruling prince of Brunswick; their son, well known in the Crusades as Henry "the Lion," was the first Guelph duke of Brunswick. He married a daughter of Henry II., king of England; and from this marriage both the houses of Brunswick and Luneburg are descended. The Reform- ation numbered the princes of the house of Brunswick among its zealous supporters. Ernest of Zell, the reigning duke, was one of the most eloquent defenders of August us, married Sophia, a grand-daughter of James I. Luther at the Diet of Worms. His grandson, Ernest of England, and on this marriage was founded the claim of the elder branch of the house of Brunswick to the crown of England, acknowledged by the English parlia- ment in 1701. George Louis was the i ue of this mar- riage, and became king of England, under the name of George I., in 1714; from which time till 1837, year of the death of William IV., England and Hanover were under the rule of the same sovereign. The Salic law in 1837 conferred the Han over i an crown on Ernest, duke of Cumber land, 5th, and eldest surviving son of George III. In 1804, Pru ia took po e ion of H. , but ceded it in the same year to the French, by whom it was constituted a part of the kingdom of Westphalia established in 1808. At the peace of 1813, the king of Great Britain reclaimed his German dominions, which were much enlarged by the stipulations of the treaty of Vienna, and formed into a Austria, the kingdom of H. was occupied by Pru ian kingdom. In June, 1866, on the outbreak of the war with HAN'OVER, a city of W. Germany, cap. of above province, troops, and in Sept. following was formally united with Pru ia, despite a protest made by the king, George V. and metropolis of the former kingdom of the same name, on the Leine, an arm of the Weser, 84 m. S. of Ham- burg, 62 S.E. of Bremen, and 35 W. of Brunswick. It is built in an extensive sandy plain, and is divided by the river into an old and new town, each of which is governed by a separate magistrate. The former is nar- row, ill-built, and dirty; the new town is, on the con- trary, open, cleanly, and adorned with handsome streets and buildings. Of the latter the chief are the royal palace, the viceroy's palace, the House of A embly of the States, the mint, arsenal, royal stables, and town- hall. H. contains a goodly number of religious, benev- olent, and scholastic establishments, besides literary and scientific institutions, libraries, lyceums, . The commercial organizations include an exchange, a cham- ber of commerce, and a berg - hand lung , or market for mining produce. Manuf . Unimportant. - About 1 mile Han'over Court-House, in Virginia , a post-vil- lage and cap. of Hanover co., 1 m. from the Pamunkey River, and 20 N. of Richmond. Henry Clay was born here. A brisk action occurred at this place, May 28, 1862, between a Confederate force, and a brigade of Na- tionals under Gen. Porter, in which the former were Hanoveʼrian, a. (Geog.) Of, relating, or pertaining defeated, with a lo of 200 men killed and 730 prisoners. -n. ( Geog .) A native, or naturalized citizen of Hanover. to Hanover. Han'over Island, an island in the Pacific Ocean, off Han'over Junction, in Pennsylvania , a post-office the W. coast of Patagonia, Lat. 51° S., Lon. 74° 30′ W. of York co. Han'overt on, or HAN'OVER, in Ohio , a post-village of Columbiana county, about 10 miles W. of New Lis- bon. Han'over Town, in Virginia , a village of Hanover co., on the Pamunkey River, abt. 15 m. N.N.E. of Rich- mond Han'overville, in Pennsylvania, a post-village of Han's ard, n. A merchant, trader, or burgher of a North amp ton co. Hanse towne Hanseat'ic, a. (Geog.) Relating or pertaining to the Hanse towns, or to their league. See HANSE. Han's el, n. and v . See HANDSEL. Hans'ford, in Kentucky , a P. O. of Rock Castle co. Hansford, in Texas , a post-village, cap. of Hansford co. Han's om, Han's om cab, n. [From the name of the inventor.] See CAB. Han's on, in Kentucky , a post-village of Hopkins co. Han's on, in Ma achusetts , a post-town and township of Plymouth co. Pop . (1895) 1,267. Han's onville, in California, a mining village of Yuba co., abt. 24 m. N.N.E. of Marysville. Han's onville, in Virginia , a P. O. of Ru ell co. Han't, (in the U. States han't ; in England han't .) A vulgar contraction of have not, or has not ; as, I han't, (i. e., I have not.) "You han't that simper about the mouth for nothing."-Add is on. Hants, a contracted method of writing HAMPSHIRE, England, q. v. Hants, a central co. of Nova Scotia; area , abt. 1,000 sq. m. Rivers. Shubenacadie River, and some smaller streams. Surface , diversified; soil , in some places fertile. Min . Coal and gypsum. Cup . Windsor. Hap, n. [W. hap , luck, chance, fortune; hapian, to happen, to have luck or chance. See HAPPEN.] That which happens; chance; accident; luck; casual event; that which comes suddenly or unexpectedly. Hap, n. In Scotland, a wrapper; a plaid cloak. Hap, v. n. To happen; to befall; to occur by chance. Hap-hazard, n. [See HAZARD.] Chance; accident. "We live at hap - hazard, and without any insight into causes and effects." L'Estrange. Haple , a. Luckle ; unfortunate; unlucky; un- happy; as, a haple maid. "The pangs of guilty power and haple love." - Dr. Johnson. Haple ly, a . In a haple manner. Haply, adv . By hap or chance; perhaps, po ibly; it may be; by accident; casually; peradventure. Happed, ( hapt , ) a . [From hap , a plaid or wrapper.] Wrapped; cloaked; covered, as with a plaid; as, " happed with flowers." ( Hogg .) - (Used in Scotland.) Happen, ( hap'n ,) v. n. [W. hapiaw, to happen.] To come by chance; to come abruptly; to come without one's previous expectation; to fall out; to befall; as, when do you expect it will happen ? To come to pa ; to occur; to take place; as, the accident happened yesterday. To happen on, to light on; to come acro ; to meet with, as, to happen on a stroke of good-fortune. Happily, adv . [From happy .] In a happy manner; fortunately; succe fully; luckily; prosperously. - In a state of happine and felicity; as, they are living happily together. - Gracefully; dexterously; with ease or addre ; as, he acted his part happily . Happine , n. [Icel. heppni , happine .] State or con- dition of being happy; the agreeable sensations which spring from the enjoyment of good; that state of a be- ing in which his desires are gratified; bli ; felicity; enjoyment of pleasure, .; mental satisfaction. Good luck; good fortune; prosperity. "A happine that makes the heart afraid."-Hood. -Fortuitous elegance; artle or unstudied grace. "Certain graces and happine es peculiar to every language." Denham Hap'py, a . [Icel. happ , good luck, unlooked-for for- tune, heppinn , fortunate; W. hapus , happy.] Having good hap; lucky; fortunate; succe ful; as, a happy thought, a happy experiment. Haquebut, ( hak'but ,) n. ( Mil .) When the hand-gun and arquebus were first introduced, the butt or stock was perfectly straight, and in the form of a stick or broom-handle, which prevented the soldier who was using it from taking a proper aim by directing his eye along the barrel. To obviate this inconvenience and im- perfection in the weapon, the Germans fitted the barrel to a hooked butt, - whence the name, by which means the fire-arm could be discharged from the chest as before, while an additional facility was given for taking aim at the object towards which the weapon was directed. It was introduced into England about 1485. The H. may be considered as the first step in the long series of im- provements in small arms which seem to have culminated in the rifles produced in modern times. Haque'ton, n. A coat of mail. Harald, kings of Norway. The first of the name D. 933; the second succeeded 963, and was killed 978; the third , B. 1017, reigned over half Norway 1047, and was killed 1066; the third , a pretended son of Magnus III., began his career about 1130, usurped the throne, and was van- quished by another pretender 1136. Harald, kings of Denmark. The first of the name known to historians, called the seventh , reigned 930-980; the eighth succeeded 1014, and died in England 1017; the ninth reigned 1076-80. -v . a . To addre by an harangue or oration; as, the gen- eral harangued his troops. Ha'ras, n. [Fr.] In France, an establishment for the breeding of race-horses. po e ion of good; enjoying pleasure from the gratifi- cation of the feelings, senses, or appetites; deriving ease, peace, comfort, or satisfaction; contented in mind. "Happy the man, and happy he alone, He who can call to-day his his own. -Dryden. sider able size and importance. They enjoyed various privileges and immunities; they were permitted to govern themselves by their own laws and regulations; had the custody of one of the gates of the city (Bishops- gate) committed to their care; and the duties on various kinds of imported commodities were considerably re- duced in their favor. In the Netherlands, and in Nor- way and Ru ia, they enjoyed the like important privi- leges. The foreign factories were subjected to an almost monastic strictne of discipline, which even required -Prosperous; having secure po e ion of good; in cir- the celibacy of the factors, clerks, . After the middle -That supplies satisfaction or pleasure, or furnishes en- joyment; as, everything is in happy train. Must I leave thee, native soil, these happy walks and shades." Milton . as, a happy omen. Happy Camp, in California , a post-village of Sis- kiyou co., on the Klamath river, about 40 miles above Orleans Bar. Happy Creek, in Virginia , a P. O. of Warren co. Happy Hollow, in Kansas , a twp. of Graham co. Happy Valley, in Tenne ee , a P. O. of Carter co. Hapsburg, or Habsburg. [Contracted from Habichtsburg, Hawk's Castle.] ( Hist .) The name of the reigning imperial family of Austria, derived from the castle of Hapsburg, or Habichtsburg, on the Wüpel- berg, on the right bank of the Aar, in the present Swi canton of Aargau. The castle was built in the 11th century, by Werner, bishop of Strasburg, grandson of Guntran "the Rich," count of Alsace and Breisgau, and who is said to have been a descendant of Ethico I., duke of Alemannia and Alsace. The proprietors of Hapsburg became, at a later period, counts of Hapsburg ; and, gradually extending their dominions, subsequently as- sumed the title of landgrave . In 1273, Rodolph, of this house, became emperor of Germany, and the founder up or to lose the way they retain from the open sea. H. are divided into harbors of refuge, tidal harbors , and permanent harbors. In H. of refuge all that is needed is to secure facility of entrance and safe berths for the ve els lying in them, together with great facilities for putting to sea; but as the ve els frequenting H. of this cla are usually destined for some other port, there will be no nece ity for making enclosed docks where the ships might be free from the inconvenience of the tides. In tidal H. such inclosed docks are wanted; for large ve els are rarely so built as to allow of their being beached, or unloaded upon the beach, when the ships are left by the tide. Permanent H. may dispense with the works for the inclosure of the shipping; but they IMG:content-0520.png:[blocks in formation] will be always unfit for the purpose of a commercial port, as ships, unle always at the same level, cannot be economically unloaded; in such seas as the Mediterranean, the Caspian, and the great lakes of N. America, this remark does not apply. Practically, permanent H. are either military or civil. The first require large areas of water surface, where the ships may lie in ord i nary, as at New York, Cherbourg, Plymouth, Ports mouth, Brest, Toulon, Norfolk, .; the latter are usually smaller, and more compact, as Boston, Mobile, Liverpool, Havre, Southampton, Falmouth, Glasgow, London. Bordeaux, . The art of constructing artificial harbors may be traced down to the birth of commerce and naval warfare, but far above all other ancient nations, the Romans excelled in this branch of marine engineering. The port of Ostia, illustrated in Fig. 1238, and which is now 2 or 3 miles inland, has perhaps not been surpa ed in modern times, and is especially remarkable for having a mole with open arches, resting upon stone piers, which gave full play to the tidal and littoral currents, and thus prevented the deposition of sandbanks. -ra. To shelter; to defend; to secrete; to permit to lodge, rest, or reside; to entertain; as, to harbor a guest, to harbor a suspicion. - To protect or secure, as a ve el in distre . IMG:content-0521.png:[ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small] "His direction is hard , his fingers too bold." -Dryden. - Unreasonable; unjust; severe; rigorous; difficult to Harborle , a . Destitute of a harbor. Harbor-master, n. An officer appointed to superintend all busine connected with a harbor or port for ships. Harbor town, in New Jersey, a P. O. of Mercer co. Harburg, a fortified town of Pru ia, in Hanover, 24 m. N.W. of Luneburg, on the right bank of the Elbe, opposite to Hamburg. Manuf. Tobacco, wax, linen, sail-cloth, starch, and gunpowder. put up with; not easy to bear; paintul to endure or consent to; as, hard work, a hard winter, hard times, hard conditions, a hard lot, . (Pron.) Abrupt or vehement in utterance; not smoothly or gradually sounded by the tongue; - said of certain consonants, as g in gel , and e in carol, as differing from the sound of the same letters in gin , cistern, . - Hard cash, hard money, specie, coin, or metallic currency, as distinguished from paper money. Hard water , water containing mineral ingredients that decompose soap, and thus make it unsuitable for lavatory uses. Hard wood, wood of a close grain and solid texture, as teak, greenheart, oak, ash, box, . pan, the indurated stratum of earth deposited beneath the soil. Hard Hard, adv. With pre ure or urgency; - hence, zealously; diligently; earnestly; as, to plead hard. "My correspondent... pre es hard for an answer."- Atterbury . -Uneasily; vexatiously; as, it goes hard with our friend. With difficulty; laboriously; as, the cable runs hard . -Closely; distre fully; so as to raise difficulties; as, to be pushed hard for money. - With urgent pre ure; vigorously; violently; vehemently; - hence, fast; rapidly; nimbly; expeditiously; as, to run hard . - With great force; tempestuously; boisterously; violently; copiously; heavily; as, it rains hard , it blows hard . Hard by, close; near to; not far distant.