July, 1817

A Bolsover Castle was made dictator of Peru. He defeated Canterac at Ju nin, Aug. 6, 1824, and on Dec. 9, 1824, Sucre's great victory at Ayacucho ended the Spanish power in South America. In June, 1825, Bolivar visited upper Peru; a congre met there in August, decreed the formation of the republic of Bolivia, invited Bolivar to frame the constitution, and named him perpetual protector. But Peru declared against him in 1826; Bolivia soon followed; and though he remained president of the three countries forming Colombia until his death, the great republic created by him fell to pieces soon after. Bolivar. A province of Ecuador, capital Guar and a. Area, 1,160 square miles. Population, 43,000. Bolivar (formerly Guayana). A state of Venezuela, in the southern part. Area, 88,701 square miles, besides the territory of Yuruary, now added to it, of uncertain extent. Population (1891), 70,681. Bolivar. A northern department of Colombia, capital Cart a gena. Area, 27,000 square miles. Population (1885), 350,000. Bolivar, or Ciudad Bolivar (formerly Angostura). The capital of the state of Bolivar, Venezuela, on the Orinoco. Population (1891), 10,861. Bolivia (bō-liv'i-ä; Sp. pron. bō-lēvē -ä). [Named for Bolivar .] In colonial times, Char cas or Upper Peru . A republic of South America, capital La Paz, bounded by Brazil on the north and east, the Argentine Republic and Paraguay south, and Chile and Peru on the west. The western part is a plateau traversed by the Andes. In the southeast is the Gran Chaco (which see), and in the northeast the plains of the Madeira. It produces coca, india-rubber, cinchona, coffee, wheat, maize, gold, silver, copper, tin. It has 8 departments, and is governed by a president and a congre consisting of a senate and chamber of deputies. It became independent in was united to Peru 1836-39, and has undergone frequent political revolutions. Attacked by Chile 1879-83, it was defeated, and was forced to cede its seaboard with the niter districts. Area, 567,431 square miles. Population (estimated), 2,500,000. Bolkhoff (bol-khov'). A town in the government of Orel, Ru ia, in lat. 53° 25′ N., long. 36°5′ E. Population, 26, 26,165. Boll and (bol'länd), L. Boll and us (bo-lan'dus), Johann. Born at Tirlemont (?), in Brabant, Aug. 13, 1596: died at Antwerp, Sept. 12, 1665. A celebrated Jesuit martyrologist. He edited the early volumes of the "Acta Sanctorum" (which see), a work which was continued by his collaborators and succe ors, the so-called Bollandists. Bollandists (bol'an-dists), The. The name given to the collaborators and succe ors of Johann Boll and, the first editor of "Acta Sanetorum." Among them may be mentioned Georg Henschen (died 1681), Daniel Papebroeck (died 1714), Konrad Janning (died 1723), Peter Booch (died 1736), Suyskens (died 1771), Hubers (died 1782), Dom Anselmo Berthod (died 1788), and Joseph Ghesquière (died 1802). See Acta Sanctorum . Bologna, Giovanni di. See John of Bologna . Bologna, John of. See John. Bologna (bo-lōn'yä). A province in the compart i men to of Emilia, Italy. Area, 1,448 square miles. Population (1891), 484,135. Bologna. [L. Bononia .] The capital of the province of Bologna, Italy, situated at the foot of the A pennines, between the Savena, Aposa, and Reno, in lat. 44° 30′ N., long. 11° 20′ Ε.: the Etruscan Felsina, and the Roman Bononia (whence its name). It was originally an Etruscan town, and later a Roman colony, a place of great importance whose prosperity survived the fall of the Roman