DISTOMA

(Lat.), n. n. Di2s'tosm-as. Gen., distoma'tos (-is). From fiio-rdjuios, double-mouthed. Fr., distome. Ger., Distom, Distome, Doppelmaul. A parasitic genus of the Distomidce, characterized by having the ventral sucker near the oral. Some of the species occasionally infest man. [L, 340, 343.] D. bilharzia. See BILHARZIA hcematobia. D. Buskii. See D. cra um. D. capense [J. Harley]. See BILHARZIA hcematobia. I), conjunctum [Cobbold]. A variety found in the livers of the American fox and the Pariah dogs of India. In several cases it has been found in large numbers in the bile-ducts of man. [L, 340.] D. cra um [Busk]. A variety found in several instances in the gall-bladder and intestinal canal of residents in and visitors to eastern Asia and the East Indies. [L, 340.] D. endemicum [Baelz]. A variety found in the human liver. [L, 121.] D. heematobium. See BILHARZIA hcematobia. D. hepaticum. Fr., distome (ou douve) du foie. Ger., Leberegel, Leberdoppelloch. It., d. epatice. Sp., distomo hepdtico. Syn.: Fasciola hepatica. The fiver-fluke; a species about 30 mm. long with a conical anterior extremity and a broad body, with a number of spine-like proce es on its surface. Its normal habitat is the liver and bile-ducts of sheep, causing the disease known as the " liver rot." It has been found in a number of cases in the liver of man. [L, 121, 340, 353.] Cf. D. lanceolatum. D. hepatis. The liver-fluke; a species found occasionally in man, but principally in ruminants, and more particularly in the biliary ducts of the liver of the sheep. [L, 26 (a, 27).] D. hepatis innocuum [Baelz]. A variety found in the human liver. [L, 121.] D. heterophyes [von SieboldJ. Fr., distome heterophye. A variety found by Bilharz in the small intestines of man in several cases in Egypt. [L, 13, 16, 121, 340.J D. lanceolatum [Mehlis]. Fr., distome (ou douve) lanceole. Ger., lanzettenformiges Doppelloch. It., d. lanceolata. Sp., distomo lanciforme. The smaller liver fluke; a variety from 8 to 10 mm. long, sharp at both extremities, with the intestines le ramose, and the suckers farther apart than in D. hepaticum. It inhabits the bile-ducts and liver of many vertebrates, and has been found occasionally in the same localities in man in Europe. It has often been mistaken for D. hepaticum. [L, 16, 121, 147, 340.] D. lent is [von Ammon], D. ocull human! [Gescheidt], D. ophthalmobium [Diesing]. Fr., distome ophthalmobie. A variety from i to J a line long, with large suckers and a forked intestinal canal, and without sexual organs; found in one case between the crystalline lens and its capsule. By some it is regarded as an immature D. hepaticum. [L, 121, 340.] I), pulmonale [Baelz]. See D. Ringeri.D. Rathouisl [Poirier]. A variety found in the human liver. [L. 121.] D. Ringer! [Manson]. P'r., douve pulmonaire. Syn.: D. pulmonale [Baelz], Oregarina pulmonum, Gregarina fusc a. A species that infests the lungs of man in Japan and China, giving rise to periodical haemoptysis. [Mauson, "Med. Times and Gaz.," July 8, 1882, p. 42.] D. sinense [Cobbold], I>. spathulatum [Leuckart]. A variety found in one instance in the liver of a Chinaman. [L. 340.] [s. 599]