MUSIC

(see SOUND). The two ‘Fathers of Church Music ’ were St. Ambrose and Gregory the Great (g.v.). Teutonic M. shows the characteristic Teutonic genius for combination, compromise, and co-operation Keltic M. has beautiful melodies, but shows the social combination Slav M. is characteristically sensuous. Notes appear; to have been used first in the 12th century in the 13th century, Adam the Hunchback composed; trios and comic operas; in the 14th century Jean de Muris and Dufay developed counterpoint in the 15th century Schools of M. began to be founded; by Ockenheim and his Belgian followers,-,and Pal estrin a and his Italian followers began to make the music bring out the meaning of the words. Modern M. may De said to commence with Scarlatti, the founder of the Neapolitan School of M. in the 16th century. Arne and Handel dominated the 17th century Bach, Gluck, Haydn, and Mozart, the x8th; and Beethoven,; Weber, Spohr, Mendel ohn, Wagner, Liszt, Schubert, Schumann, and Chopin, the ipth. Recently the most famous names are those of Gounod, Rubin stein, Brahms, Dvorak, and Grieg.