Echinops (ekinops)

[NL., Echinops Ruthenic us. [NL., 1. A genus of apneumonous holothurians, of the family Oncinolabida , having filiform tentacles and five rows of tube-feet. -2. In entom .: (a) A genus of earwigs, of the family Forficulida . Serville, 1838. (b) A genus of weevils, of the family Curculio nidæ , containing one Made iran species, E. por cell us . Wollaston , 1854. Ech i no stomata (e-ki-nō-stō'ma-tä), n . pl . [NL., ἐχῖνος , a hedgehog, + στόμα (τ-), mouth.] A group of Vermes. Rudolphi . Ech i nostro bus (ek-i-nos'trō-bus), n. Gr. έχῖνος , a hedgehog, + στρόβος , a twisting, στρέφειν , turn.] A fo il genus of conifers, instituted by Schimper, and closely allied to Thuya (which see), and also resembling Arthrotaxis in its foliation. They occur in the lithographic stones (Jura ic) of Solenhofen in Bavaria, and in other localities of Jura ic rocks in Europe. Echinothuria (e-ki-nō-thuʻri-ä), n. [NL., ἐχῖνος , a hedgehog, + θύριον , dim. of θύρα θ = E. door .] A fo il genus of regular sea urchins, giving giving name to a family Echinothuriida . Ech i no thu rid a (e-ki-nō-thū'ri-da), n . pl pl . [NL., Echinothuria + +-ida.j In Gegenbaur's system of cla ification, a subordinal group of des most i cho us Ech i no idea , having a movable dermal skeleton and presenting some other points of Sea-urchin (Echinus esculent us). Left side in natural state; right side with the spines removed, showing the bare plates. tubercles, and in life bearing movable spines. The per. forate plates are the ambulacra, emitting the tube-feet. The mouth has a complicated system of plates, constituting the object known, when detached, as Aristotle's lantern (which see, under lantern ). A sea-urchin is comparable to a starfish with the five arms bent upward and their ends brought together in the center over the back of the animal, and then soldered together throughout, with the modification of internal structure which such an arrangement of the parts would nece arily entail. 4. In arch., the convex projecting molding of eccentric curve in Greek examples, supporting the abacus of the Doric capital; hence, the IMG:content-0195.png:[graphic][subsumed][merged small][merged small] In this instance the abacus is separated from the shaft; there is a bold echinus and a beaded necking; in fact, all the members of the Grecian order, only wanting the elegance which the Greeks added to it. J. Fergu on, Hist. Arch., I. 342, note. échiqueté (a-she-ke-tā'), a. [F., formerly eschi prefix es- , é- ( ex- ), ex-), out, off, instead of des- , de- , dé- ( déchiqueté , pp. of déchiqueter , divide into checks, under influence of échiquier , a checkerboard: see check1. The regular OF. form is queté, formed (with prefix (with prefixesmer where the sound originated. If the direct and reflected sounds succeed one another with great rapidity, which happens when the reflecting surface is near, the echo only clouds the original sound, but not heard distinctly; it is such indistinct echoes that interfere with the hearing in churches and other large buildings. An interval of about one ninth of a second is nece ary to discriminate two succe ive sounds; and as sound pa es through the at mosphere at the rate of about 1,125 feet in a second, 1,125, or about 62 feet, will be the least distance at which an echo can be heard; and this will be distinct only in the case of a sharp, sudden sound. The walls of a house or the ramparts of a city, the surface of a cloud, a wood, rocks, mountains, and valleys produce echoes. Some echoes are remarkable for their frequency of repetition, and are called multiple or tautological echoes. Folweth Ekko , that holdeth no silence, But ever answer eth at the countretaille. The babbling echo mocks the hounds, Replying shrilly to the well-tun'd horns, As if a double hunt were heard at once. The Scriptures are God's voice; the church is his echo , a redoubling, a repeating of some particular syllables and accents of the same voice. Donne , Sermons, xiv. Blow, bugle, blow, set the wild echoes flying, And answer, echoes , answer, dying, dying, dying. 2. [ cap .] In cla ical myth ., an oread or moun- tain nymph, who, according to a usual form of the myth, pined away for love of the beautiful youth Narci us till nothing remained of her Sweet Echo , sweetest nymph, that liv'st unseen Within thy aery shell. Milton , Comus, 1. 230. 3. Figuratively, a repetition of the sentiments of others; reproduction of the ideas or opinions of others, either in speech or in writing. It is the folly of too many to mistake the echo of a Lon- don coffeehouse for the voice of the kingdom. Swift , Conduct of the Allies. 4. In music , the very soft repetition of a short phrase, particularly in orchestral or organ mu- sic. In large organs an echo-organ is sometimes pro- vided for echo-like effects; it consists of pipes shut up in a tight box, or removed to a distance from the organ proper, and controlled by a separate keyboard or by sep- arate stops. A single stop so used or placed is called an echo-stop. 5. In arch ., a wall or vault, etc., having the property of reflecting sounds or of producing an echo.-6. [ cap .] [NL.] In zoöl . , a genus of neuropterous insects. Selys , 1853. To the echo, so as to produce a reverberation of sound; hence, loudly; vehemently; so as to excite attention and response: chiefly used with applaud or similar words. I would applaud thee to the very echo, That would applaud again. Echiuride. E. pallasi of the North Sea is an example. Also written Echiuris . echlorophyllose (ē-klō-rō-fil'ōs), a. [NL. * echlorophyllosus , chlorophyllous .) Without chlorophyl. Bra i thwaite. And ki 'd her lips with such a clamorous smack, That, at the parting, all the church did echo . Lord, as I am, I have no pow'r at all, To hear thy voice, or echo to thy call. Of echoing hill or thicket have we heard Celestial voices. 2. To be reflected or repeated by or as if by echo; return or be conveyed to the ear in rep- etition; pa along by reverberation. Her mitred princes hear the echoing noise, And, Albion, dread thy wrath and awful voice. Sounds which echo further west Than your sires' "Islands of the Blest." In the midst of echoing and re- echoing voices of thanks. D. Webster, Adams and Jefferson. 3. To produce a reverberating sound; give out a loud sound. Drums and trumpets echo loudly, Wave the crimson banners proudly. II. trans. 1. To emit an echo of; reflect the sound of, either directly or obliquely; cause to be heard by reverberation: as, the whispering gallery of St. Paul's in London echoes very faint sounds. Never [more shall] the black and dripping precipices Echo her stormy scream as she sails by. M. Arnold, Sohrab and Rustum. 2. To repeat as if by way of echo; emit a re- production of, as sounds, words, or sentiments; imitate the sound or significance of. Then gan triumphant Trompets sownd on hye, That sent to heven the ecchoed report Of their new joy, and happie victory. IMG:content-0196.png:[blocks in formation] echoist (ek'ō-ist), n. [ echo + -ist .] One who forms words by the imitation or echoing of sounds. See echoism. [Recent.] echoize (ek'ō-īz), v. i.; pret. and pp. echoized , ppr. echoizing . [ echo + -ize .] To form words by echoing or imitating sounds. See echoism. [Recent.] echo me try (e-kom'e-tri), n. [= F. échométrie = Sp. ecometría = Pg. echo me tri a = It. eco me- tri a; as echo meter + -y.] 1. The art or act of measuring the duration, etc., of sounds.-2. In arch . , the art of constructing buildings in conformity with the principles of acoustics. echo scope (ek'ō-skōp), n. [ ἠχώ , sound, echo, + σκοπεῖν, view.] A stethoscope. echo-stop (ek'ō-stop), n. See echo , 4. Echymys, n. An erroneous form of Echimys . Wiegmann , 1838. Eciton (es'i-ton), n. [NL. (Latreille, 1804); formation not obvious.] A genus of ants called Spenser, F. Q., I. xii. 4. Those peals are echoed by the Trojan throng. Dryden, Eneid. Eciton drepanophorum. a , soldier (line shows natural size 6, head of soldier, front view; 2, head of male, front view. IMG:content-0197.png:[blocks in formation] For it shal chaungen wonder soone, And take eclips right as the moone, Whanne he is from us i-lett Thurgh erthe, that bitwixe is sett The sonne and hir, as it may falle, Be it in partie or in alle. But in ye first watche of ye night, the moone suffred J. Brende, tr. of Quintus Curtius, fol. 78. II. n. One who, in whatever department of knowledge, not being convinced of the fun- damental principles of any existing system, culls from the teachings of different schools eclips. such doctrines as seem to him probably true, conformable to good sense, wholesome in prac- tice, or recommended by other secondary considerations; one who holds that opposing schools are right in their distinctive doctrines, wrong only in their opposition to one another. In philosophy the chief groups of eclectics have been- (1) those ancient writers, from the first century before Christ, who, like Cicero, influenced by Platonic skepticism, held a composite doctrine of ethics, logic, etc., aggregated of Pla- tonist, Peripatetic, Stoic, and ev even Epicurean elements; (2) writers in the seventeenth century who, like Leibnitz, mingled Aristo tel i an and Cartes i an principles; (3) writ- ers in the eighteenth century who adopted in part the views of Leibnitz, in part those of Locke; (4) Schelling and others, who held beliefs derived from various idealistic, pantheistic, and mystical philosophers; (5) the school of Cousin, who took a mean position between a philosophy of experience and one of absolute reason. Even the eclectics , who arose about the age of Augus- tus, as slavish and dependent as any of their brethren, since they sought for truth not in nature, but in the several schools. Hume , Rise of Arts and Sciences. My notion of an eclectic is a man who, without foregone conclusions of any sort, deliberately surveys all acce ible modes of thought, and chooses from each his own "hortus siccus" of definitive convictions. J. Owen, Evenings with Skeptics, II. 331. Specifically-(a) A follower of the ancient eclectic philos- ophy. (b) In the early church , a Christian who believed the doctrine of Plato to be conformable to the spirit of the gospel. (c) In med . , a practitioner of eclectic med i- cine, either ancient or modern; an eclectic physician. eclectically (ek-lek'ti-kal-i), adv . By way of choosing or selecting; in the manner of the eclectic philosophers or physicians; as an ec- lectic. eclecticism (ek-lek'ti-sizm), n. [= F. éclecti- cis me; as eclectic + -ism.] The method of the eclectics, or a system, as of philosophy, med i- cine, etc., made up of selections from various systems. Sensualism, idealism, skepticism, mysticism, are all par- tial and exclusive views of the elements of intelligence. But each is false only as it is incomplete. They are all true in what they affirm, all erroneous in what they deny. Though hitherto opposed, they are, consequently, not in- capable of coalition; and, in fact, can only obtain their consummation in a powerful eclecticism- a system which shall comprehend them all. eclectism (ek-lek'tizm), n. [F. éclectisme = Pg. eclectismo , ἐκλεκτός , picked out: see eclectic and- ism .] Same as eclecticism . [Rare.] The cla icists, indeed, argue for that eclectism of taste eclampsy (ek-lamp'si), n. Same as eclampsia . which finds suggestive material wherever there is force eclamptic (ek-lamp'tik), a. [F. éclamptique ; and beauty. D. G. Mitchell, Bound Together, iv. as eclampsia ( eclampt- ) + -ic.] 1. Pertaining Eclectus (ek-lek'tus), n. [NL., eclamptic picked out, select: see eclectic.] 1. A genus convulsions; eclamptic idiocy.-2. Suffering from eclampsia: as, an eclamptic patient. éclat (a-kla), n. [F., éclater , burst forth, s'esclater , burst, slīzen , split, burst, G. schlei en = AS. slit an, E. slit , q. v.] 1. A burst, as of applause; acclamation; approbation: as, his speech was received with great éclat . -2. Brilliant effect; brilliancy of succe ; splendor; magnificence: as, the éclat of a great achievement. of tri chog los sine parrots related to the lories, containing several species of the Philippine, Malaccan, and Papuan islands, as E. linnæi, E. polychlorus , etc.-2. [l. c.] A parrot of the genus Eclectus . eclegmt (ek-lem'), n. [Prop. * ecligm ; = F. écleg me , écligme , ecligma , ἐκλείχειν , lick up, χειν , lick. Cf. electuary, from the same ult. source.] A medicine of syrupy consistency. eclimeter (ek-lim'e-ter), n. An instrument to be held in the hand for measuring the zenith distances of objects near the horizon. eclipse (e-klips'), n. [ eclips (more fre- quent in the abbr. form clips , clyppes , clyppus , etc.: see clips ), eclipse , F. éclipse = Pr. eclipsis , eclipses , elipse = Sp. Pg. eclipse = It. ecli e , eccli e , eccli i , eclipsis , πειν , leave out, pa over, forsake, fail, intr. leave off, cease, suffer an eclipse, ἐκ , out, + λείπειν, leave.] 1. In astron ., an interception or obscuration of the light of the sun, moon, or other heavenly body, by the intervention of an- other heavenly body either between it and the eye or between it and the source of its illumi- nation. An eclipse of the sun is caused by the interven- tion of the moon between it and the earth, the sun's disk being thus partially or entirely hidden; an eclipse of the moon is occasioned by the earth pa ing between it and the sun, the earth's shadow obscuring the whole or part of its surface, but never entirely concealing it. The number of eclipses of the sun and moon cannot be fewer than two nor more than seven in one year, exclusive of penumbral eclipses of the moon. The most usual number is four, seven being very rare. Jupiter's satellites are eclipsed by pa ing through his shadow, See occultation . IMG:content-0198.png:[blocks in formation] As when the sun, a crescent of eclipse , Dreams over lake and lawn, and isles and capes. 2. Figuratively, any state of obscuration; an overshadowing; a transition from brightne , clearne , or animation to the opposite state: as, his glory has suffered an eclipse . All the posterity of our first parents suffered a perpetual eclipse of spiritual life. Raleigh , Hist. World. Tennyson, Lilian. Gayety without eclipse Wearieth me. How like the starle night of death Our being's brief eclipse , When faltering heart and failing breath Have bleached the fading lips! IMG:content-0199.png:[blocks in formation] 2. To overshadow; throw in the shade; ob- scure; hence, to surpa or excel. Though you have all this worth, you hold some qualities That do eclipse your virtues. Another now hath to himself engro 'd All power, and us eclipsed , Milton , P. L., v. 776. ecliptic (e-klip'tik), a . and n. [Formerly eclip- tick ; = F. écliptique = Pg. ecliptico = It. eclit- tico, écliptique = Sp. ecliptic a = Pg. ecliptic a = It. eclittica , ecliptic a (sc. line a , line), ἐκλειπτικός (sc. κύκλος, circle), the line or circle in the plane of which eclipses take place), ἐκλειψις , an eclipse: see eclipse , n.] I. a. 1. Pertaining to an eclipse.-2. Pertaining to the apparent path of the sun in the heavens: as, ecliptic constel- lations. Thy full face in his oblique designe Confronting Phoebus in th' Ecliptick line, And th' Earth between. is 23° 27′ 8'. ecliptic Satan... IMG:content-0200.png:[blocks in formation] Took leave; and toward the coast of earth beneath, Down from the ecliptic sped. Milton , P. L., iii. 740. My lady's Indian kinsman, unannounced, With half a score of swarthy faces came. His own, tho' keen and bold and soldierly, Sear'd by the close ecliptic , was not fair. Tennyson, Aylmer's Field. 2. A great circle drawn upon a terrestrial globe, tangent to the tropics. It is sometimes said to "mark the sun's annual path acro the surface of the earth"; but since its plane is represented as fixed upon the earth, the rotation of the latter will give it a gyratory motion incompatible with its representing any celestial appearance. It may, however, prove convenient when a terrestrial globe is used instead of a celestial one.