It contains Lambeth Palace

The bor Lambruschini (läm-brös-kē'nē), Luigi. Born at Genoa, May 16, 1776: died at Rome, May 12, 1854. An Italian cardinal and politician, minister and state councilor under Gregory XVI. and Pius IX. Lambton (lam'ton), John George, first Earl of Durham. Born at London, April 12, 1792: died at Cowes, Isle of Wight, July 28, 1840. An English Whig politician and diplomatist, created Baron Durham in 1828, and earl of Durham in 1833. He sat in the House of Commons 1813-28; was appointed lord privy seal Nov. 22, 1830; took part in the preparation of the first reform bill; was amba ador extraordinary to St. Petersburg July, 1832, and to Vienna and Berlin Sept., 1832; was minister to St. Petersburg 1835-37; and was made high commi ioner for the settlement of certain Canadian questions, and governor-general of the British provinces in North America, March 31, 1838. He resigned in 1838. Lamech (la'mek). In Old Testament history: ( a ) The son of Methusael, a descendant of Cain, and the father of Tubal-Cain. His addre to his wives (Gen. iv. 23, 24) is probably the oldest extant Hebrew poetry. (b) The son of Me thu selah, seventh in descent from Seth, and father of Noah. Vizeu, province of Beira, Portugal, 46 miles east of Oporto. It was the scene of the alleged constitutional cortes of 1143. It has a cathedral. Lame Lover, The. A comedy by Foote, produced in 1770. Lamennais (lä-me-nā'), Félicité Robert de. Born at St. Malo, June 19, 1782: died at Paris, Feb. 27, 1854. A French writer and philosopher. From earliest infancy he was dwarfed in stature, nervous, and irritable. He studied under his uncle's guidance, and taught himself Greek, Latin, and several modern languages. In time he became strongly attracted by the philosophical teachings of the 18th century, especially those of J. J. Rou eau. After publishing an e ay, "Les philosophes," in 1802, he went to live for a while in the retirement of his native region. His "Réflexions sur l'état de l'église en France pendant le XVIIIe siècle, et sur sa situation actuelle" appeared in 1808, but was suppre ed by the police until 1814. In 1811 he taught mathematics in the Seminary of St. Malo; the following year he took the first orders, and in 1816 became a priest. He published the first volume of his great work "E ai sur l'indifférence en mat ière de religion" in 1817; the second volume is dated 1820, and the third and fourth are from 1822-23. With a view to spread his religious ideas, he founded a paper "L'Avenir" (1830). His doctrines favoring freedom in religious matters were not approved by the clergy, and his fearle utterances led to frequent censure and condemnation before the courts. In 1848 he founded a new paper, "Le Peuple Constituant." His last appearance as a political writer was in connection with his management of the journal "La Réforme." Among Lamennais's works are "Mélanges religieux et philosophiques" (1819-35), "Les paroles d'un croyant," "Le livre du peuple" (1837), "Questions politiques et philosophiques" (1840), "L'Esqui e d'une philosophie" (1842--46). His "Discu ions critiques" ca came out in 1856, and likewise his translation of Dante's "Divina Com media." Lamentation of Mary Magdalen. A spurious poem introduced in the early editions of Chaucer. It was inserted under the impre ion that it was the lost "Or i genes upon the Maudeleyne," which was prob ably a translation from a piece attributed to Origen. This idea arose from Chaucer's lines in the prologue to the "Legend of Good Women," "He made also, goone is a greatè while, Origenès upon the Maudelain." Lamentations (lam-en-tā'shonz). A book of the Old Testament of which the authorship is by tradition ascribed to the prophet Jeremiah. It comprises five dirges. Its date and authorship are matters of dispute. Lamettrie, or La Mettrie (lä me-trē'), Julien Offray de. Born at St.-Malo, France, Dec. 25, 1709 died at Berlin, Nov. 11, 1751. A French materialist. He wrote "His to ire naturelle de l'âme" (1745: ostensibly translated from the English), “ La faculté vengée" (1747: a satirical comedy), "L'Homme machine" (1748), "L'Homme plante" (1748), "Réflexions philosophiques sur l'origine des animaux" (1750), "Les animaux plus que machines" (1750), etc. He was the leader of French materialism in its most extreme form, and was persecuted for his opinions. He was driven from France to Holland, and thence to Pru ia, where he found an asylum with Frederick the Great. Lamia (lā'mi-ä). [Gr. Λαμία .] The capital of the nomarchy of Phthiotis, Greece, situated in lat. 38° 54′ N., long. 22° 27′ E. It was an ancient city of Malis. The modern name was until recently Zituni, but the old name has been restored. An tipater was besieged here 323 B. C. Population (1889), 6,888. Lamia. 1. In cla ical mythology: (a) A daughter of Poseidon, the mother of the sibyl Herophile. (b) The daughter of Belus. She was a Libyan queen, beloved by Zeus, and transformed through Juno's jealousy into a hideous child-devouring monster. Lilith, the nocturnal female vampire of the Hebrews, mentioned in Isaiah, is rendered Lamia in the Vulgate. In the plural (Lamie), they appear to have corresponded, very nearly, to the witches of the Middle Ages, who, indeed, were then frequently called Lamia . Keats's poem of "Lamia" (1820), in which the bride, recognized by the keen-eyed sage, returns to her original serpent-form, represents another of the superstitions attached to the race. B. Taylor , Notes to Faust, Pt. II. 2. A celebrated A then i an courtezan. In the sea fight off Salamis 306 B. C. she fell into the hands of Demetrius and captivated him. Her sway was unbroken for many years, and she was noted for her extravagance. The A then i ans and The bans consecrated temples in her honor under the name of Aphrodite. Lamian War. A war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by Macedonia under Anti pater, 323-322 B. c.: so named from the siege of Lamia by the allies. Lammer muir (lam-mėr-mūr'), or Lammer moor (lam-mèr-mör'), Hills. A range of low mountains in the counties of Edinburgh, Berwick, and Hadding ton, Scotland, extending to the North Sea. Lammle (lam'l), Alfred. In Dickens's "Our Mutual Friend,”a mature young man, a swindler and fortune-hunter. He marries Sophronia Akershem, each of the pair believing, mistakenly, that the other was wealthy. Lammle, Mrs. Alfred. See Lammle , Alfred . Lamont (lä'mont), Johann von. Born at Braemar, Aberdeen shire, Scotland, Dec. 13, 1805: died at Bogenhausen, near Munich, Aug. Lamprecht (lämʻprecht), called "The Priest." The date and place of his birth and death un- known. A Middle High German epic poet. He wrote, about 1130, the "Alexander lied" ("Song of Alexan- seat of the cotton manufacture in the world. It contains the cities of Liverpool and Manchester. It formed part of the ancient kingdom of Strathclyde; was made a county palatine in the reign of Edward III.; and sided with the Royalists in the civil war. Area, 1,887 square miles. Pop- ulation (1891), 3,926,760. Lancashire Witches, The, and Tegue O'Div- elly the Irish Priest. A comedy by Shad well (1681). Compare Late Lancashire Witches . Lancaster (lang kas-ter). [From Lan ( Lune ) and ceaster , camp. A seaport and the county town of Lancashire, situated on the Lune in lat. 54°3′ N., long. 2° 47′ W. It contains a castle on the site of an ancient Roman camp. It was twice burned by the Scots in the 14th century; was taken and retaken in the civil war; and was entered by the Jacobites in 1715 and 1745. It was the birthplace of Whewell and Sir Richard Owen. Population (1891), 31,038. Lancaster. A city and the capital of Fairfield County, Cou Ohio, situated on the Hocking 28 miles southeast of Columbus. Population (1900), Lancaster. A city and the capital of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, situated on the Cones- toga 62 miles west of Philadelphia. It is a manu- facturing and commercial center; is the seat of Franklin and Marshall College and Theological Seminary (Reformed Church); and was State capital from 1799 to 1812. Popula tion (1900), 41,459. Lancaster, County of. See Lancashire . Lancaster, Lancaster, Duchy Duchy of. A po e ion of the Eng- lish royal family. John of Gaunt was made Duke of Lancaster in 1361. The revenues and title of the duchy were made hereditary in the reign of Henry IV. Since 1873 its court has been merged in the system of the rest of England. Lancaster, Dukes of. See Henry of Lancaster and John of Gaunt . Lancaster, Edmund, Earl of, surnamed "Crouch back." Born Jan. 16, 1245: died at Ba- yonne, June, 1296. The second son of Henry III. of England and Eleanor of Provence, made in his infancy king of Sicily and Apulia by Pope Innocent IV. The grant of the kingdom was annulled by Urban IV. July 29, 1263. Lancaster took the cro in 1268, and went to Palestine in 1271. His nickname was due either to this crusade (from the cro on his back) or to Lancaster, House of. A line of English kings descended from John of Gaunt, fourth son of Edward III. The kings of this house were Henry IV. (reigned 1399-1413), Henry V. (reigned 1413-22), and Henry Lancaster, Sir James. Died at London, May, 1618. An English navigator. He served under Drake against the Armada; sailed in command of the Edward Bona venture with the first English expedition to the East Indies in 1591, returning to England after many adven- tures in May, 1594; sailed with 3 ships against the Portu- guese in 1594, capturing Pernambuco in 1595; and com- manded the first fleet of the East India Company 1600-03. Lancaster, Joseph. Born at London, 1778: died at New York, Oct. 24, 1838. An English edu- cat or. He founded in 1801 a private school in the Borough Road, South wark, London, in which he employed monitorial system of instruction, which obtained great popularity. He emigrated to the United States in 1818. "Improvements in Education" (1803), etc. Lancaster Sound. [Named after Sir James Lancaster.] A channel in the north polar re- gions, leading from Baffin Bay westward to Bar- row Strait, about lat. 74° N. Discovered by Baffin in 1616: first traversed by Parry in 1819. Lance (lans), George. Born at Little Easton, near Dunmow, E ex, March 24, 1802: died near Birken head, June 18, 1864. An English painter, a pupil of Haydon, chiefly known by his paint- ings of fruit and flowers. Lance lot. Same as Lance lot du Lac . Lance lot du Lac. A French Arthur i an romance. It was probably the work of Walter Map in the latter part of the 12th century: a Scottish metrical romance "Lance- lot of the Laik" was made from this at the end of the 15th century. Chrestien de Troyes's metrical romance "Le Che- valier de la Charette" gives some of Lance lot's adventures, and was based on Map's prose romance. Sir Thomas Mal ory's "Morte d'Arthur" also does not give his entire story. Sir Lance lot was the son of Ban, king of Britt any, and was educated at the castle of Vivian, known as the Dame du Lac or Lady of the Lake. The main features of the legend are his guilty love for Guinevere and the exploits he per- formed in her service, and the war with Arthur in which his pa ion involved him. Guinevere retired to a convent, and Lance lot became a monk and a holy man, and died saying ma es for the souls of his old companions in arms. He was the father of Sir Galahad by Elaine, the daughter of King Pelles, who is not the Elaine of Tennyson's poem. Lance lot Greaves. See Sir Launce lot Greaves . Lan-chau (län-chou'). The capital of the prov- ince of Kan-su, China, situated on the Hwang- ho about lat. 36° 8' N., long. 103° 55′ E. Pop- ulation (1896), est., 100,000. Lanciani (län-chä'nē), Rodolfo Amadeo. An Italian archæologist. He is profe or of archæology at the University of Rome, and director of excavations for the Italian government. He has published "Ancient Rome Lander, Richard Lemon. Born at Truro, Corn- wall, Feb. 8, 1804: died at Fernando Po, Africa, Feb. 2 (7), 1834. An English explorer in Africa. He was in Cape Colony as servant to Major (later General) Colebrooke 1823-24; accompanied Clapper ton to western Africa 1825-27; and explored the Niger (with his brother) 1830-31 and 1832-34. He published his journal of Clap- pert on's expedition (1829), another account of the expedi- tion (1830), and a "Journal of an Expedition to Explore the Course and Termination of the Niger" (ed. 1832). Landerneau (lon-der-nō′). A town in the de- part ment of Finistère, France, situated on the Elorn 13 miles northeast of Brest. It manufac- tures cloth. Population (1891), commune, 8,497. Landes (lond). A department in southwestern France. Capital, Mont-de-Marsan. It is bound- ed by Gironde on the north, Lot-et-Garonne and Gers on the east, Ba es-Pyrénées on the south, and the Bay of Biscay on the west, corresponding to parts of the ancient Guienne, Gascony, and Béarn. It comprises the sandy plains called landes , and in the southeast the district Chalo e. It is the leading forest department in France. Area, 3,599 square miles. Population (1891), 297,842. Landes, The. A plain in the department of Landes, France. It is largely composed of sands and marshes, and much of it is covered with pine forests. Length, about 120 miles. Lande shut (län'des-höt). A town in the prov- ince of Silesia, Pru ia, on the Bober 51 miles southwest of Breslau. It has flax manufactures. An intrenched camp here, held by the Pru ians under Fouquet in the Seven Years' War, was stormed and taken by the Austrians under Laudon, June 23, 1760. Landi (län'dē), Gasparo. Born at Piacenza in 1756: died at Rome, Feb. 24, 1830. An Italian historical and portrait painter, one of the foun- ders of the modern school of Italian painting. Landin (län-din'). Seė Zulu . Land League, Irish. A league formed in Oct., 1879, by the Irish Nationalist party, under which organized resistance was made to the payment of rent. It was "proclaimed " by the Liberal government as "an illegal and criminal a ociation" Oct. 20, 1881. Landnama Bók. See the extract. IMG:content-0689.png:[blocks in formation]