Hall i well, Nursery Rhymes, p

175. Jack the Giant-killer. The hero of a nursery legend. The story was originally in Walter Map's book, and he obtained it from France in the early part of the 12th century. It was written in British or Armoric, and translated into Latin by Geoffrey of Mon mouth. Jack Brag. A novel by Theodore Hook, published in 1837. Jack Brag is a vulgar braggart who contrives to get into good society. Jack Horner. An old nursery rime, the hero of which "sat in a corner eating his Christmas pie." It is one of the oldest of this cla of rimes. A copy of his "pleasant history" is to be found in the Bodleian Library, which is in substance much the same as "The Fryer and the Boy," published in London 1617. Hall i well says "both are from the more ancient 'Jack and his Step-dame,' printed by Mr. Wright." Jack-in-the-Green. A puppet character in the English May-day games. Jackson (jak's on). [The surname Jackson stands for Jack's son .] A city and the capital of Jackson County, Michigan, situated on the Grand River 75 miles west of Detroit. It has flourishing manufactures and trade. Population (1890), 20,798. Jackson. The capital of Mi i ippi and of Hinds County, situated on the Pearl River in lat. 32° 18′ N., long. 90° 8′ W. It exports cotton. Here, May 14, 1863, the Federals under Grant defeated the Confederates under J. E. Johnston. Federal lo , 300; Confederate, 845. Population (1890), 5,920, Jackson. A city and the capital of Madison River 77 miles northeast of Memphis. It exCounty, Tenne ee, situated on the Forked Deer ports cotton. Population (1890), 10,039. Jackson, Andrew. Born at the Waxhaw settlement, N. C., March 15, 1767: died at the Hermitage, near Nashville, Tenn., June 8, 1845. The seventh President of the United States (1829-37). He was member of Congre from Tenne ee pre me Court of Tenne ee 1798-1804; defeated the Creeks at Talladega in 1813, and at Emuckfau and Horseshoe Bend in 1814; captured Pensacola from the English in 1814; defeated the English under Sir Edward Pakenham at New Orleans Jan. 8, 1815; commanded against the Semi noles 1817-18; was governor of Florida Territory in 1796-97; United States senator 1797-98; justice of the Su 1821; was United States senator from Tenne ee 1823-25; was an unsucce ful candidate for President 1824; was elected as the Democratic candidate for President in 1828; and was reëlected in 1832. He inaugurated the "spoils system" in Federal politics by dismi ing about 690 officeholders during the first year of his administration, as against 74 removals by all the preceding Presidents. In July, 1832, he vetoed a bill rechartering the Bank of the United States. He published, Dec. 11, 1832, a proclamation in answer to the nullification ordinance pa ed by South Carolina Nov. 24, 1832, declaring void certain obnoxious duties on imports. In this proclamation he announced his intention of enforcing the Federal laws, and ordered United States troops to Charleston and August a, with the result that the nullifiers submitted. Jackson, Charles Thomas. Born at Plymouth, Ma ., June 21, 1805: died at Somerville, Ma ., Aug. 29, 1880. An American geologist and physician. He graduated at the Harvard Medical School in 1829, and after having completed his studies abroad practised medicine for a time at Boston. He eventually abandoned medicine, and in 1838 opened a laboratory at Boston for instruction in analytical chemistry. He became State geologist of Maine in 1836, and of Rhode Island in 1839, and in 1847 was appointed by Congre to survey the mineral lands of Michigan. He constructed in 1834 a tele graphic apparatus similar to that patented by Morse in 1835, and in 1852 he received a prize from the French Academy for the discovery of etherization. Jackson, Mrs. (Helen Maria Fiske, later Mrs. Hunt): pseudonym H. H. Born at Amherst, Ma ., Oct. 18, 1831: died at San Francisco, Aug. 12, 1885. An American poet, novelist, and miscellaneous writer. In 1883 she was appointed special commi ioner to examine into the condition of the Mi ion Indians of California. Among her works are "Mercy Phil brick's Choice" (1876), "Hetty's Strange History" (1877), "A Century of Dishonor, (1881), and "Ramona (1884). She also published several volumes of poems, tales, "Bits of Talk," etc. Jackson, John. Born in Yorkshire, England, 1778: died at London, June 1,1831. An English portrait-painter, a friend of Wilkie and Haydon. One of his best works is the portrait of Canova exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1820. Jackson, Thomas Jonathan, commonly called Stonewall Jackson. Born at Clarksburg, W. Va., Jan. 21, 1824: died near Chancellorsville, Va., May 10, 1863. A noted Confederate general in the American Civil War. He graduated at West Point in 1846; served as a lieutenant in the Mexican war; and resigned from the army in 1852, having become (1851) profe or of physics and artillery tactics in Virginia Military Institute. He joined the Confederate army at the beginning of the Civil War, and served as a brigadier-general at the first battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861. Having at a critical period in this engagement been sent forward to restore the battle on the Confederate left, he maintained an exposed position against great odds until the broken forces were enabled to rally. In rallying his troops General Bernard E. Bee cried: "See, there is Jackson standing like a stone wall! Rally on the Virgin i ans!" (whence the sobriquet Stonewall Jackson). He was promoted major-general in Sept., 1861; was defeated by General Shields near Winchester, March 23, 1862; defeated General Banks at Winchester, May 25, 1862; fought an indecisive battle with General Frémont at Cro Keys, June 8, 1862; commanded a corps at the battles of Gaines's Mill, June 27, and Malvern Hill, July 1, 1862; defeated General Banks at Cedar Mountain, Virginia, Aug. 9, 1862; captured Harper's Ferry, Sept. 15, 1862: participated in the battle of Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862; commanded the right wing at Fred ericks burg, Dec. 13, 1862; was promoted lieutenant-general; and was mortally wounded by his own men at the battle of Chancellors on evening of May 2, 1863, as he was returning from a reconnai ance beyond the lines. Jackson, William. Born at Exeter, May 28, died there, July 12, 1803. An English musical composer, known as Jackson of Exeter. He wrote "The Lord of the Manor" (an opera, 1780), "The Metamorphosis" (an opera, 1783), and much church music, settings for poems, songs, etc., and several volumes of madrigals, canzonets, etc. Jackson, William. Born at Masham, Yorkshire, Jan. 9, 1815: died at Bradford, April 15, 1866. An English musical composer. Besides a number of hymns and chants, he wrote "The Deliverance of Israel, etc." (an oratorio, produced in 1847), "Isaiah" (an oratorio, 1854), songs, and a good deal of sacred music. His last work, "The Praise of Music," was composed for the Bradford festival (1866). He did not live to conduct it. Jacksonville (jak' son-vil). A city and the capital of Duval County, Florida, situated on the St. John's River in lat. 30° 20′ N., long. 81° 39′ W. It is a railway, steamboat, and commercial center, with trade in grain and fruit; is now the largest city in the State; and is noted as a winter health-resort. Population (1890), 17,201. Jacksonville. A city and the capital of Morgan County, Illinois, situated near Mauvaiseterre Creek 30 miles west by south of Springfield. It is the seat of Illinois College, and has various other educational as well as charitable institutions. Population (1890), 12,935. Jack Sprat. An English nursery rime. Few children's rhymes are more common than those relating to Jack Sprat and his wife, “ Jack Sprat could eat no The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century Cyclopedia of names IMG:content-0545.jpg:[graphic] Jack Sprat fat," etc.; but it is little thought they have been current for two centuries. Such, however, is the fact, and when Howell published his Collection of Proverbs in 1659, p. 20, the story related to no le exalted a personage than an an archdeacon: "Archdeacon Pratt would eat no fat, His wife would eat no lean: 'Twixt Archdeacon Pratt and Joan his wife, The meat was eat up clean." Hall i well , Nursery Rhymes. Jack Tier. A novel by Cooper, published in 1848. It is a recasting of "The Red Rover." Jack Upland. An attack on friars, in prose, added by Speght to Chaucer's works in his 1602 edition, but evidently not Chaucer's. Jacmel (zhäk-mel'). A seaport on the southern coast of Haiti, lat. 18° 14′ N., long. 72° 34′ W. Population, estimated, 8,000. Jacob (jā kob). [F. Jacobe , Sp. Pg. Jacobo , It. Jacopo , Giacobo , G. Dan. Sw. Jakob (in vernacular F. Jacques , Jaques , whence E. Jack ), from LL. Jacobus , Gr. ' Ἰακώβ , Heb. Yaqōbh , of uncertain origin, but explained as 'supplanter.' See James.] The son of Isaac and Rebekah, and twin brother of Esau: father of the twelve patriarchs, and ancestor of the Israeli tes. The date of his immigration into Egypt is given by Brugsch as about 1730 в. с. A kind of synonym of Israel was Jakobel, "He whom El rewards," or "He who follows El, who marches step by step in the ways that He has traced." This name was abridged to Jacob, as that of Irhamel was to Irham, or Calbel to Caleb. Beni-Jacob or Beni-Israel was the name of the tribe; and in course of time Jacob was taken to be a living person, grandson of Abraham.