MAGNET

n. Ma2g'ne2t. Gr., juayKiys, uta-yvrj'njs (from May^o-i'a, a district of The aly in Greece). Lat., magnes, magnetes. Fr., aimant, Ger., M. It., calamita. Sp., imdn. A substance po e ing the property of attracting iron, also other substances (especially nickel) in a much feebler degree, and of being itself attracted by those substances. The points at or near the ends of a magnetic bar where such attraction is concentrated, and which, owing to the earth's magnetic attraction, a ume a position toward the north and south respectively, are the poles of the magnet. There are two kinds of m's, the natural m. loadstone, magnetic iron oxide (q. v., under IRON) and artificial m's (i. e., bars or needles of steel), which have acquired magnetic properties from being rubbed with a m. or otherwise. [B, 21 (a, 38); a, 48.] Arsenical m. Ger., arsenikalischer M. See AIMANT arsenical. Artificial m., Axis of a m. See under M. Electro-m. A bar of soft iron rendered magnetic during the pa age of a galvanic current through insulated copper wire wound around it. [B, 21 (a, 38).]- Giftm' (Ger.). See AIMANT arsenical. Grueiiing's m. A m. for removing particles of steel or iron from the eye. It consists of a number of magnetized steel rods, separated from each other, but in close proximity, and fitted at their ends with iron caps. One of these caps is provided with a delicate point of malleable iron, 32 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, and 0'3 mm. thick, which sustains with ease a weight of 225 grains. [" N. Y. Med. Rec.," May 1, 1880 (F).] Horse-shoe m. Fr., aimant en fer a cheval. Ger., Hufeisenm\ An artificial m. bent into the shape of a horse-shoe. [B, 270 (a, 38).] Kunstlicher M. (Ger.). An artificial m. [L, 38.] M'eisen (Ger.), M'eisenstein (Ger.). See Magnetic IRON oxide. M'elektrisch (Ger.). See MAGNETO-ELECTRIC. M'kies. A natural magnetic substance consisting of sulphur and iron in various proportions, from FeaSj to FeuSi 2, occurring as bronze-yellow hexagonal crystals. [B, 270 (a, 38).] Permanent m. A m. whose magnetic properties are lasting, i. e., not depending on contact with another m. or on imparted magnetic influence, [a, 38.] Temporary in. A m. whose magnetic properties are dependent upon contact with another m. or upon the influence of a neighboring galvanic current. [B.] [s. 693]