Dantzig, Danzig

or DANTZIC, ( dan'zīg,) a government in the prov, of W. Pru ia, bounded in the N. by the Baltic, S. by Marienwerder, E. by Königsberg, and W. by Küstr in. Area, 2,436 sq. m. Pop. 515,222, mostly Protestants. See PRUSSIA. Fahrenheit. It is connected by railroads with Berlin and Königsberg. Pop. (1895) 121,883. Dantzig, Gulf of, an inlet of the Baltic Sea, 60 m. wide at the entrance. On it are the towns of Hela, Pillau, and Putzig. Dan'ube. [Anc. Danubius , and Ister ; Ger. Donau; Hung. Duna. A celebrated river of central Europe, and, next to the Volga, the largest of that continent; extending W. to E. between Lon. 8° 10' and 29° 40 E. (its extreme N. point of Lat. being 49° 2', and its & limit 43° 38′ N.), from its rise in the Black Forest, in Baden, in a course of from 1,750 to 1,800 m. to its embouchure on the W. coast of the Euxine, or Black Sea, where it forms a delta of several mouths. After traversing Würtemberg, Bavaria, Austria, Hungary, Wall a chia, Moldavia, Roumania, and Bulgaria, - a course of more than 2,400 m., -it enters the Black Sea by several mouths, the principal of which are the Sulina, the Kilia, and the St. George. The principal cities on its banks are: Sig mar in gen, Ulm (here the river becomes navigable), Ratisbon, Pa au, Linz, Vienna, Presburg, Gran, Pesth, Buda, Peterwardein, Belgrade, Nicopoli, Is mail, and Galatz. Its principal tributaries are, 1. on the right: the Iller, Lech, Inn, Enns, Leitha, Raab, Drave, Save, Morava, Isker; 2. on the left: the Brenz, Wernitz, Altmühl, Nab, Regen, Ilz, Morava (the second river of that name), Gran, Thei , Aluta, Sereth, and Pruth. The D. formed for a long period the boundary of the Roman Empire. From Hungary upward its banks are bordered with immense marshes, and navigation becomes very difficult. Serious obstructions to navigation long existed at the point known as the Iron Gate, but the dangerous rapids here have been avoided by a lateral canal, opened to traffic in 1896. Danube, (Circle of the,) one of the 4 circles, or provinces, into which the kingdom of Würtemberg is divided, watered by the Danube, and by some of its tributaries. Area, 2,606 sq. m. Cap . Ulm. Pop . 427,280, Danu'bian, n. ( Geog .) Pertaining, or belonging, to the neighborhood of the river Danube. Danubian Principalities, a name given to the provinces of Moldavia and Wall a chia, in S.E. Europe. United area , 44,500 sq. m. United pop. 4,605,510. (See MOLDAVIA, and WALL A CHIA.) - These provs. were, in 1853, invaded by the Ru ians. The Czar, who hitherto, conjointly with the Sultan of Turkey, had the power of appointing the hospodars, then took upon himself to appoint a governor for both provs. This a umption of sovereign powers, together with the occupation of the principalities by a Ru ian army, led to the Crime an war, in which France, England, Italy, and Turkey united against Ru ia. By the treaty of Paris, 1856, the D. P. were placed under the sole suzerainty of the Porte. In 1861 the D. P. united themselves under the name of Roumania, and their prince, Charles I., was acknowl edged by Turkey in 1866. Dan'vers, in Illinois , a twp. of McLean co. Dan'vers, in Ma achusetts, a town and township of E ex co., about 18 m. N. by E. of Boston. The State Insane Asylum, located here, cost nearly $2,000,000. It has extensive manufactures of shoes, leather and bricks. D. formed a part of Salem until 1756. Pop . (1897) about 7,500. Dan'vers, in Ma achusetts , a post-office of E ex co. Dan'ville, a village of Lower Canada, co. of Sher brooke, about 9 miles south of Richmond. Danville, in Alabama , a township of Morgan co. Danville, in Arkansas , a village of Pope co. -A post-village, cap. of Yell co., on the Petit Jean River, about 80 miles W. N. W. of Little Rock. Danville, in California , a post-village of Contra Costa co., about 16 miles south of Martinez. Danville, in Georgia , a township of Twiggs co., on Flint River, about 75 miles southeast of Columbus. Danville, in Illinois , a city and R. R. center, cap. of Vermilion co., on Vermilion River, 125 miles east of Springfield. Here are car-shops, numerous factories, and several coal mines. Pop . (1897) about 12,500. Danville, in Indiana , a town, cap. of Hendricks co., about 20 m. W. of Indianapolis. Pop . (1897) abt. 2,000. Danville, in Iowa , a post-village and township of Des Moines co., about 13 m. W. N. W. of Burlington. Considerable cheese is made here. Danville, in Kentucky , a post-town, cap. of Boyle co., about 42 miles south of Frankfort. It is the seat of Center College, and of the State Deaf and Dumb Asylum. Manuf . Carriages, brick, . Danville, in Maine, a post-village and township of Andro scog gin co. Danville, in Minnesota , a post-vill. of Blue Earth co. Danville, in Mi i ippi , a post-village of Alcorn co., about 7 miles south of Corinth. Danville, in Mi ouri , a township, cap. of Montgomery co., about 50 miles E.N.E. of Jefferson City. Danville, in New Hampshire , a post-township of Rocking ham co., about 30 miles S. S. E. of Concord. Manuf. lumber, . DANTZIG, a prosperous city and seaport of Pru ia, and cap. of the above govt., situate on the Vistula, about 4 m. from its mouth, in 54° 21′ N. Lat., and 18° 39′ E. Lon. The city is traversed by 2 small rivers, the Radaune and the Mottlau, which unite a little below it, and fall into the Vistula. Both the town and the harbor are strongly fortified. The principal public buildings are the cathedral (one of the finest in Germany), the exchange, two city-halls, the arsenal, a museum, and an observatory; besides many churches, charitable institutions, and monasteries. Manuf . Silks, jewelry. fire-arıms, liquors, chemicals, sugar, tobacco. Exp . Grain, flour, biscuit, timber, flax, hemp, spirits, leather, tallow, wax, potash, wool, . Imp . Woollen and silk stuffs, colonial produce, and -A post-village of Knox co., about 60 miles northeast of manufactured goods. Hist . The city is very ancient, Columbus. Danville, in New Jersey, & post-village of Warren co., about 12 miles northeast of Belvidere. Danville, in Ohio, a village of Highland co., about 7 miles southwest of Hills borough. having been the cap. of Pomerania in the 10th century. -A village of Madison co., some miles south of London. In 1295 it pa ed with that prov. into the po e ion of Poland, but was ceded, in 1308, to the Teutonic Knights, who held it till 1454, when it was re-united with Poland. From 1360 to 1641 it was one of the chief towns of the Hanseatic League. In 1734 it was occupied by the Pru ians, and taken by the French in 1807, but reverted to Pru ia in 1814. D. is the birth-place of Danville, in Pennsylvania, cap. of Montour co., on the Susquehanna River. The iron works here were the earliest, and are among the most extensive, in the country. D. was first settled in 1768. Danville, in Tenne ee , a post-office of Houston co. Danville, in Texas , a township of Montgomery co, about 15 miles north of Montgomery. Daou'ria, a country of Asia, partly in the Ru ian govt. of Irkutsk, and partly belonging to the Chinese territory of Mantchouria. Its limits are not exactly defined. The Daourian Mountains, offsets of the Yablonoi chain, tra- verse it from N.E. to S.W., and separate it from the region of Lake Baikal. Daphne, ( daf'ne .) [Gr.] ( Myth .) A nymph beloved by Apollo. To escape his pursuit, she besought the aid the war, they returned to England, and settled at Bath, -v. a. ( imp . and pp . DARED.) To challenge; to provoke; where her husband died in 1818. She continued to re- side at Bath up to the time of her death. Madame D'Ar- blay, under her maiden name, FRANCES BURNEY, gained considerable celebrity by her literary productions. These were mostly in the paths of fiction, in which she produced four novels, Evelina , Cecilia , Camilla , and the Wanderer. She wrote several other works, among which were Memoirs of Dr. Burney, which, in 1832, she published in 3 vols. D. 1840. D'Arbonne', in Louisiana , a bayou formed by South Fork, Middle Fork, and Corneille Creek, which unite in Union parish. Flowing S.E., it enters the Washita abt. Darboy', GEORGES, Archbishop of Paris, B. at Fayl-billot, 1813. In 1854, he went to Rome to take part in the defi- nition of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception; was called after her name, grew up on the spot. The name is identified with the Sanskrit Dahand , the Dawn. Daphne, n . [Gr., the laurel.] ( Bot . ) A gen. of plants, order Thymelacece. The species are mostly shrubby evergreens of great beauty, with leaves of a peculiar velvet texture, and very fragrant flowers. The root-bark of D. Meze- reum, the Mezereon, or Spurge-olive, is officinal in the British pharma- copœia. It may be used as a vesicatory, and as a masticatory in tooth- ache; but it is princi- pally employed as a stimulant, diaphoretic, alterative, and diuretic. It owes its properties to an acrid resin and an acrid volatile oil. The stem-bark has similar virtues, but is generally considered to be le ac- tive. The fruit is acrid and poisonous. The bark of D. laureola , the Spurge-laurel, is some- times substituted for the officinal bark. The inner barks of D. can- Fig. 771.-DAPHNIA. Dar'by, n. (Masonry.) A tool used by plasterers to float a ceiling; it is about 3 feet or 3 feet 6 inches long, by 7 inches in width, and has two stout handles fastened on the back, to enable the workmen to hold it. Dar'by, in Ohio , a township of Madison county. It includes the v. of Pleasant Valley. Darby, in Pennsylvania , a suburb of Philadelphia, in Delaware co., on Darby creek, the Penna. and B. & O. R. Rs. and trolley lines. Has cotton, woolen and carpet mills. Pop . (1897) about 3,500. Dar'by, in W. Va ., a post-office of Wyoming co. Dar'by Creek, in Ohio , rises in Logan co., flows S. E. and joins the Scioto river, near Circleville. -A post-office of Madison co. Darby Creek, in Pennsylvania , flows into the Dela- ware river 8 m. below Philadelphia. Dar'by's, in Georgia , a village of Columbia co., about 94 m. E. N. E. of Milledgeville. Dar'byville, in Iowa , a post office of Appanoose co. Dar'byville, in Ohio , a post-village of Pick away co., about 40 m. S. of Columbus. Dardanelle', in Arkansas , a village of Pope co., about -One of the capitals of Yell co., about 72 m. N. W. of Dardanelles (The), or STRAIT OF GALLIPOLI, ( dar - da- nelz'.) (Anc. Hellespont .) The name of a narrow channel which separates Europe from Asia, extending between the Sea of Marmora and the Grecian Archipelago; Lat. from 40° to 40° 30′ N., and Lon. from 26° 10 to 26° 40 E. Length 40 m., width from 1 to 4 m. The coast on the western, or European, side is rugged; but on the east- ern, or Asiatic, side, the scenery is very beautiful and romantic. As this channel is the key to Constantinople, it is strongly fortified on both sides with castles, bat- teries, and forts. The name of Hellespont is derived was drowned in its waters; the name of Dardanelles is from daughter of Alhamas, king of Thebes, who referrible to an ancient city called Dardanos, situated in the province of Troas. It was Xerxes who threw a bridge of boats acro this channel, B.C. 481. The bridge was destroyed by a storm. In consequence of this dis- aster, the water received 300 lashes, and the next bridge remained secure. Alexander III. cro ed the straits, B.C. 334, with an army of about 35,000 men. The Saracens, under Solyman, the son of Orchan, cro ed the channel in 1360, and first raised the Mohammedan crescent in Europe. In 1465 Mohammed II. erected two forts to defend the pa age; and in 1659 two more, named Ses- tos and Abydos, were added by Mohammed IV. By the secret article of the treaty of Unkiar-Skele i, between Ru ia and Turkey, signed at Constantinople July 8, 1833, the latter power agreed to close the Dardanelles against ve els of war belonging to foreign powers. The straits were pa ed by the allied fleets of France and England at the commencement of the Ru ian war, Oct. 14, 1853. The ancient rule of excluding all ships of war in time of peace, recognised by the treaty of Paris, 1856, was abrogated in 1870, and there is no longer any restriction on the navigation of the strait. Dardanelles', in Oregon , a village and township of Jackson co., abt. 10 m. N.W. of Jacksonville. A p.-v. of Lake co. of Troy, a son of Jupiter and Electra. Having killed his brother Jasius, he fled to Asia Minor, where he mar- ried Batia, the daughter of the king of Leucria. After the death of his father-in-law, he ascended the throne, and reigned from 1568 to 1537 в. с. He is said to have been the founder of the kingdom of Troy, and to have erected the Palladium , the great statue of Pallas, an idol of the Trojans. Dardenne', in Mo. , a twp. of St. Charles co.; also a sta on the St. L., Kansas City & N. R. R., 32 m. from St. Louis. -A village of St. Charles co., abt. 29 m. W.N.W. of St. Louis. Dar'denne Creek, in Mi ouri , traverses St. Charles co., and enters the Mi i ippi River above the mouth of the Illinois River. Dare, v. n. ( imp . DURST. OF DARED; pp . DARED.) [A.S. dear , pret. dorste ; L. Ger. dorven; D. durven: Ger. dür- fen; Icel. thora ; Goth. gidawrsan ; Sanskr. dhr , to hold, to hold out, to endure, pp . dhrsta , daring, akin to Gr. thrasus, bold; tharreō , to be bold; Lat. fortis .] To have boldne , bravery, or courage; to be ready to face or defy danger; to be bold enough; not to be afraid; to venture; to be adventurous. Dare, n. ( Zool .) Same as DACE, q. v. Dare'-devil, n. A daring, bold, venturesome fellow. Dar'ent, a river of England, rising near Bradsted, in Kent, and falling into the Thames near Erith, after a course of 20 m. field co., on Long Island Sound, about 35 m. S. W. of New Haven. Pop . (1897) about 2,500. Darien, in Georgia , a village of Hancock co., a few m. E. of Milledgeville. -A city, port of entry, and cap. of McIntosh co., on the Altamaha river, about 12 m. from the sea, and 60 m. S. W. of Savannah. Pop . (1897) about 2,000. Darien, in Mi ouri , a post-office of Dent co. Darien, in New York , a post-village and township of Darien, in Wisconsin, a post-village and township of Walworth county, about 19 miles N. E. of Beloit, on the W. Union R. R. IMG:content-0516.png:[graphic] Darien Center, in New York , a post-village of Darien township, Gene see county, about 26 miles E. of Buffalo. Darien City, in New York , a village of Darien town- Darien', Gulf of, an arm of the Caribbean sea, Colom- bia, S. A.; Lat. 9o N., Lon, 7° W., having the Isthmus of Darien, or Panama, on the W. The river Atrato empties into an inlet called the Bay of Choco, at its S. extremity. Darien ( dahre -èn'), Isthmus of, a narrow neck of land connecting the Continents of North and South America. Generally called the ISTHMUS OF PANAMA. See cANAL. Dar'ing, a . Bold; courageous; intrepid; fearle ; ad- venturous; rashly brave; audacious; impudently bold and defying; as, a daring act, a daring intruder. Fig. 772.-DARIUS PASSING JUDGMENT ON CRIMINALS. (From an ancient sculpture.) DARIUS II., surnamed OCHUS, or NOTHUS (bastard), was an illegitimate son of Artaxerxes. He ascended the throne of Persia after the a a ination of Xerxes, and married Parysatis, his sister, a licentious and cruel woman, by whom he had Artaxerxes, Mnemon, Amistris, and Cyrus the Younger. D. 405 в. с. DARIUS III., surnamed CODOMANUS, the last king of Per sia. His kingdom being invaded by Alexander the Great, he met him in person at the head of an army of 600,000 men. At the battle of Granicus the Persians were defeated, but met the Greeks again near I us, where they were totally routed. Upwards of 100,000 Persians were killed, and Alexander took, among the prisoners of war, the mother, wife, and children of Darius. D. himself escaped in disguise and under cover of night. Not discouraged by his reverses, he ventured another battle at Arbela, but was again defeated, and fled towards Media. Be us, the governor of Bactriana, coveting his throne, attempted his life, and D. was found by the Maced on i ans, in his chariot, covered with wounds and expiring. D. 330 в. с.