epaxial (epaksial)

[ bre: opposed to hyparial: thus equivalent to neural as distinguished from hemal, or to dor sal as distinguished from ventral. From this we ing arches axis the backbone the have seen correspon and such arches, as they extend above the axis, have been termed epaxial. Mivart, Elem. Anat., p. 219. (b) Situated upon the back or dorsal aspect of a limb: thus, the elbow is epaxial. Also epaxal , epiaxial . epaxially (ep-ak'si-al-i), adv. In an epaxial situation or direction: as, muscles which lie let, dim. of épaule, OF. espaule, espalle espatla = Sp. Pg. espalda = = It. spall a, the shoulder, L. spatula, a broad piece, a blade, ML. the shoulder: see spatula.] 1. A shoulder piece; an ornamental badge worn on the shoulder; specifically, a strap proceeding from the collar, and terminating on the shoulder in a disk, from which depends a fringe of cord, usually in bullion, but sometimes in worsted or other material, according to the rank of the wearer, etc. Epaulets were worn in the British army until 1855, and are still worn in the navy by all officers of and above the rank of lieutenant, and by some civil officers. They were worn by all officers in the United States army until 1872; since that time only general officers wear them; all other commi ioned officers wear shoulder knots of gold bullion. All United States naval officers above the grade of ensign wear epaulets. In the French army the private soldiers wear epaulets of worsted. See shoulder- strap, shoulder -knot. Their old vanity was led by art to take another turn: it was dazzled and seduced by military liveries, cockades, and epaulets. Burke, Appeal to Old Whigs. 2. (a) (a) The shoulder-piece in the armor of the fourteenth century, especially when small and shoulder-piece fitting closely to the person, as compared with the large pauldron of later days. The epaulettes are articulated. J. Hewitt , Ancient Armour, II. ix. or statement in order to correct, justify, mitigate, or intensify it, usually the last: as, "Most brave act. Brave, did I say? Most heroic act." Also called epidiorthosis.