Slick (slik), Samuel or Sam

A Yankee clock cat or and writer. He graduated from Columbia College 1868; studied at Berlin and Leipsic 1872-76; was George Bancroft's secretary at Berlin 1873-75; was a istant and profe or of Latin at Princeton 1876-83; was profe or of history there 1883-96; and became profe or of history in Columbia University in 1896. From 1885-88 he edited the "New Princeton Review," and is one of the Smart, Henry the Cohosh district, and is in the habit of indicating ex. pre ions by their initials: as, k. k. (cruel cu ), p. d. q. (pretty d-d quick), etc. Slough of Despond, The. A bog described in the first part of "The Pilgrim's Progre " by Bunyan. Slovaks (slō-vaks'). A Slavic race dwelling chiefly in northern Hungary and the adjoining part of Moravia. Slovenes (slō-vēnz'). A Slavic race chiefly in Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, and parts of the Küstenland and Hungary. Slowboy (slō'boi), Tilly. In Dickens's "Cricket on the Hearth," an awkward nurse employed by Mr. Peery bingle. She is constantly surprised at being so well treated, and has a genius for bumping the baby's head. Sluis, or Sluys (slois). [F. L'Écluse .] A seaport in the province of Zealand, Netherlands, situated near the Belgian frontier 10 miles northeast of Bruges. A naval victory was gained here by Edward III. of England and his Flemish allies over the French in 1340. Population (1889), 2,421. Sly (sli), Christopher. A tinker in the induction to Shakspere's "Taming of the Shrew." He is found in a drunken sleep by a nobleman, who has him taken to his own home as a jest; and when he wakes he is made to believe that he is the lord of the manor. The "Taming of the Shrew" is then played for his entertainment before his illusion is broken. Harun-al-Rashid played the same trick on Abu Ha an. Småland (smâ'länt). A region in southern Sweden, bordering on the Baltic. It comprises Jönköping, Kronoberg, and Kalmar. Smalcald, or Smalkald. See Schmalkalden . Smalkaldic (smal-kal'dik) Articles. The articles of Protestant faith drawn up by Luther and submitted to a meeting of electors, princes, and states at Smalkald (or Schmalkalden) in 1537, designed to show how far the Protestants were willing to go in order to avoid a rupture with Rome. Smalkaldic League. A league entered into at Smalkald in 1531 by several Protestant princes and free cities for the common defense of their faith and political independence against the emperor Charles V. Smalkaldic War. The unsucce ful war waged by the Smalkaldic League against Charles V. (1546–47). Small-Endians. See Little - endians . Small Isles. A collective name for the islands of Canna, Rum, Eigg, and Muck, off the western coast of Scotland. Small weed (smal wed), Grandfather. In Dick ens's "Bleak House," an old man, the grandfather of young Small weed (called Chickweed), "in a helple condition as to his lower and nearly so as to his upper limbs." He enjoys throwing his pillows at his more feeble wife: both are then shaken up and settled by their granddaughter Judy. his works are "The French War and the Revolution, and the "Life of Napoleon." Sloane Museum. See Sloane, Sir Hans . Sloat (slot), John Drake. Born in New York city, 1780: died at New Brighton, Staten Island, N.Y., Nov. 28, 1867. An American admiral. He served in the War of 1812, and was engaged in suppre ing piracy in the West Indies 1824-25. Slocum (slō'kum), Henry Warner. Born at Delphi, Onondaga County, N. Y., Sept. 24, 1827: died at Brooklyn, N. Y., April 14, 1894. An American general and politician. He graduated at West Point in 1852; resigned his commi ion in the army in 1856; and took up the practice of law at Syracuse, N. Y. He was a member of the State legislature in 1859. At the beginning of the Civil War he accepted a commi ion as colonel of volunteers in the Union army, and commanded a regiment at the first battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861. He was made a brigadier-general of volunteers in the same year, and served with distinction in the Peninsular campaign. He was promoted major-general of volunteers in 1862, and engaged in the battles of Bull Run (Aug. 29-30, 1862), South Mountain, Antietam, Fred ericks burg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg (where he commanded the right wing of the army). He commanded the left wing of the army in Sherman's march to the sea and his invasion of the Carol in as 1864-65. He resigned from the army in Sept., 1865, and resumed the practice of law in Brooklyn, New York. He was a Democratic member of Congre from York Slop (slop), Doctor. In Sterne's novel "Tris tram Shandy," Mrs. Shandy's attendant phys i- cian, who breaks Tristram's nose at his birth. He is described as having "a breadth of back and a ses quipedality of belly which might have done honour to a serjeant in the Horse-Guards." Sloper (sloper), Mace. A pseudonym of Charles Godfrey Leland. Slote (slot), Hon. Bard well. In B. E. Woolf's play "The Mighty Dollar," a character created by W. J. Florence: a caricature of the American politician. He is an unprincipled greedy member from Σμάραγδος, emerald.] In ancient geography, a mountain in Africa, near the western coast of the Red Sea, about lat. 24° 45′ N., noted for its emeralds: the modern Jebel Zabareh. Smart (smärt), Benjamin Humphrey. Born in England about 1785: died in 1872. An English grammarian, lexicographer, and philosophical writer, for 50 years a teacher of elocution in London. He published "A Grammar of English Pronunciation" (1810), "The Rudiments of English Grammar Elucidated" (1811), "A Grammar of English Sounds" (1813), "Practical Logic" (1829), "Outlines of Sematology" (1831), "Thoughts and Language" (1835), "Pronouncing Diction. ary based on that of John Walker" (1836), "Letter to Dr. Whately on the Effect of his Elements of Logic, etc." (1852), "Introduction to Grammar on its True Basis" (1858), "Accidence of Grammar, etc." Smart, Christopher. Born at Ship bourne, Kent, April 11, 1722: died at London, May 18, 1770 or 1771. An English poet. He entered Cambridge (Pembroke Hall) in 1739, and was elected fellow in 1745. He became a hack writer, and, his mind giving way, he died in the rules of the King's Bench. In the intervals of a fit of insanity he wrote the poem "A Song to David," published in 1763, which was omitted from his collected works and has been discovered quite recently. He also wrote "The Hilliad," a poetical translation of Phædrus (1765), a prose translation of Horace, and metrical ver. sions of the psalms and parables. Smart, Sir George Thomas. Born at London, May 10, 1776: died there, Feb. 23, 1867. An English musical conductor, instructor, and com poser. He was appointed organist of the Chapel Royal in 1822, and composer in 1838. He was the first to produce Mendel ohn's "St. Paul" in England, and was in great IMG:content-1050.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-1051.png:[ocr errors] the country (1823-40). He edited Orlando Gibbon's "Madrigals" and the "Dettingen Te Deum," and published several volumes of glees, anthems, etc. Smart, Henry. Born at London, Oct. 26, 1813: died July 6, 1879. An English musician and composer: nephew of Sir G. T. Smart, and son Smart, Henry of Henry Smart (1778-1823), a conductor and manufacturer of pianofortes. He was organist in various London churches (at St. Luke's (1844-64), and at St. Pancras in 1864, when he became blind and was obliged to dictate his compositions). His church music and part songs are best known. He also wrote an opera "Bertha, or the Gnome of Hartzburg" (1855), and several cantatas, "The Bride of Dunker ron" (1864), "King René's Daugh ter," "The Fisher Maidens" (1871), and "Jacob" (1873). ■ Smart as (smärtaz), or Smarta Brahmans. One of the three principal cla es into which the Hindus proper of the present day may be divided as to religion, the other two being the Shaivas and the Vaishnavas. The Smart as believe that man's spirit is identical with the Spirit, which is the e ence of the universe and only cognizable through meditation and self-communion. They believe also in the three personal gods Brahma, Shiva, and Vishnu, with their subordinate deities, but only as coequal manifest a tions of the one impersonal Spirit and as destined to be reabsorbed into that Spirit. They are followers of Shankara (which see). ■Smeaton (sme'ton), John. Born at A us thorpe, near Leeds, England, June 8, 1724: died at A us thorpe, Oct. 28, 1792. An English civil engineer. He rebuilt the Eddy stone Lighthouse, and built various canals, bridges, etc. Smectymnuus (smek-tim'nū-us). The profe ed author of a controversial tract against episcopacy, written in the middle of the 17th century in answer to Bishop Hall. The name is a sort of acrostic made up from the initials of the names of the authors: Stephen Marshall, Edmund Calamy, Thomas Young, Matthew Newcomen, William Spurstow. Smedley (smedʻli), Francis Edward. Bornat Marlow in 1818: died at London, May 1, 1864. An English novelist, editor for a time of "Sharpe's London Magazine.” He wrote "Frank Fairleigh" (1850), "Lewis Arundel" (1852), and "Harry Cover dale's Courtship" (1854). His books were illustrated by Cruikshank and "Phiz." Smelfungus (smel-fung'gus). A name given by Sterne to Smollett, on account of the pes simistic character of Smollett's "Travels.". Smellie (smel'i), William. Born at Edinburgh in 1740: died there, June 24, 1795. A Scottish printer and author. He edited the first edition of the "Encyclopædia Britannica" (1768-71), and is understood to have been largely responsible for the plan of that work and to have been the principal compiler. He also wrote "Philosophy of Natural History" (1790-99). Smerdis (smėr'dis), or Bardija. Killed about 523 в. с. The brother of Cambyses of Persia, by whose orders he was put to death. Smerdis, Pseudo-, or the False Smerdis. Killed 521 в. с. А Magian and Mede who claimed to be Smerdis and usurped the throne of Persia 522-521 в. с. Smeru (smā'rö). The highest mountain in Java, situated in the eastern part of the island: an active volcano. Height, 12,148 feet. Smetana (sme-tä'nä), Fried rich. Born in Bohemia, March 2, 1824: died May 12, 1884. A Bohemian musician and composer, a pupil of Proksch and Liszt. He produced a number of operas, symphonic poems, etc., and was conductor in the National Theater at Prague 1866-74, when he resigned on account of deafne . Among his operas are "Married for Money," "The Brand enb urger in Bohemia," and "The Bartered Bride." The last suddenly became famous in Vienna in 1892, and since that time Smetana's name has been widely known outside of Bohemia. He died insane. Smethwick (smeTHʻik). A town in Staff ords hire, Eng., 3 miles west of Birmingham. It has various manufactures. Population (1901), 54,539. Smike (smik). In Dickens's "Nicholas Nickle by," a poor homele persecuted boy, abused by Squeers, afterward befriended by Nicholas Nickle by, and finally discovered to be Ralph Nickle by's son. Smiles (smīlz), Samuel. Born at Hadding ton, Scotland, Dec. 23, 1812: died at London, April 16, 1904. A Scottish miscellaneous writer. He was graduated in medicine at Edinburgh; but, after practising at Hadding ton, became editor of the "Leeds Times." He was a istant secretary to the Leeds and Thirsk Railway Company 1845-54, and secretary of the South-Eastern Railway 1854-66. His works include "His tory of Ireland" (1844), "Life of George Stephen son" (1857), "Self-Help, with Illustrations of Character and Conduct" (1859), "Brief Biographies" (1860), "Lives of the Engineers" (1861-65), "Industrial Biography" (1863), "The Huguenots" (1867), "Character" (1871), "The Huguenots in France" (1874), "Thrift" (1875). Smillie (smī'li), George Henry. Born at New York, Dec. 29, 1840. An American landscape painter, brother of J. D. Smillie. In 1871 he made a sketching tour in the Rocky Mountains and the Yosem ite Valley, and in Florida in 1874. He first exhibited at the National Academy in 1863, and was made a national academician in 1882. Smirke (smėrk), Robert. Born near Car lisle, England, 1752: died at London, Jan. 5, 1845. An English historical painter and illustrator. Smirke, Sir Robert. Born at London, 1780: died at Cheltenham, April 18, 1867. An English architect, son of Robert Smirke. He designed the British Museum. Smirke, Sydney. Born 1799: died Dec. 11,1877. An English architect, brother of Sir Robert Smirke. He succeeded his brother as architect to the British Museum in 1847. y, Fife Smith (smith), Adam. Born at Kirkcaldy, shire, Scotland, June 5, 1723: died at Edinburgh, July 17, 1790. A celebrated Scottish political economist. He was educated at Glasgow and Oxford, and in 1748 became lecturer on rhetoric and belles-lettres at Edinburgh. He accepted in 1751 the chair of logic at A Union general 1815: died Jan. 30, 1897. in the Civil War. He served with distinction in the Vicksburg and Red River campaigns (1862-63 and 1864), participating in the battles of Pleasant Hill and Nashville (1864). He also bore a conspicuous part in the reduction of Mobile, March-April, 1865. Smith, Benjamin Leigh. Born 1828. An Eng- lish arctic explorer. He conducted expeditions to Spitz bergen in 1871, 1872, and 1873, and to Franz Josef Smith, Henry Boynton which was cast at Leipsic in 1839 under his direction. He published, with Profe or Robinson, "Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai, and Arabia Petræa" in 1841: with the second edition (1856) appeared "Later Biblical Researches in Palestine, etc." He wrote "Mi ionary Researches in Armenia" (with Dr. Dwight, 1833) and "Sermons and Addre es" (1834), and contributed to the "Bibliotheca Sacra," etc. Smith, Erasmus Peshine. Born at New York, March 2, 1814: died at Rochester, N. Y., Oct. 21, 1882. An American jurist and political economist. He graduated at Columbia in 1832, and at the Harvard Law School in 1833; was for some time an official in the state department; and about 1871 became adviser on international law to the Mikado of Japan, a post which he occupied five years. He wrote "Manual of Political Economy" (1853). Smith, Mrs. (Erminnie Adelle Platt). Born at Mar cell us, N. Y., April 26, 1836: died at Jersey City, N. J., June 9, 1886. An American ethnologist. She published an Iroquois-English dictionary, etc. Smith, Francis Hopkins on. Born at Baltimore, Md., Oct. 23, 1838. An American painter, writer, and civil engineer. He paints chiefly in wa. ter-color, and has published and illustrated "Old Lines in new Black and White" (1885), "Well-worn Roads, etc." (1886), "A Book of the Tile Club" (1887), "A White Umbrella in Mexico" (1889), "Colonel Carter of Cartersville" (1891), "A Day at Laguerre's, etc." (1892), "American Illus. trators" (1892), etc. Smith, George. Born March 26, 1840: died at Aleppo, Aug. 19, 1876. An English A yriologist, a bank-note engraver by trade. He studied the cuneiform inscriptions in the British Museum, and, through the influence of Sir Henry Rawlinson and Dr. Birch, was appointed a istant in the department of antiquities in the museum. In 1872 he discovered the Chaldean account of the deluge, and in 1871 the key to the Cypriote character and script. In 1872 he was sent by the "Daily Telegraph" to Nineveh, and in 1873 returned to Nineveh by commi ion of the British Museum and completed his excavations. He published "A yrian Discoveries" in 1875. On a third visit, in 1876, he died. He also wrote "Annals of A urban i pal" (1871), "History of As syria" (1875), "Eponym Canon" (1875), etc. Smith, George Barnett. Born near Halifax, Yorkshire, 1841. An English journalist and writer. He went to London in 1864 and was connected with the "Globe" and the "Echo." He has contributed to the "Encyclopædia Britannica" and to a number of periodicals. Among his works are "Poets and Novelists" (1875), lives of Shelley (1877), Gladstone (1879), Sir Robert Peel (1881), John Bright(1881), Victor Hugo (1885), Queen Victoria (1886), and "William I. and the German Empire" (1889). Smith, Gerrit. Born at Utica, N. Y., March 6, 1797: died at New York city, Dec. 28, 1874. An American philanthropist. He was connected with the Colonization Society, and later with the Antislavery Society, and gave pecuniary a istance to John Brown, in whose affair at Harper's Ferry he was not, however, implicated. He was an abolitionist member of Congre from New York 1853-54-56 Among his publications are Sermons and Speeches" (1861) and "Nature the Base of a Free Theolorgy" (1867). Smith, Goldwin. Born at Reading, England, Aug. 13, 1823. An English historian and pub Smith, Charles Emory. Born in 1842. An licist. He graduated at Oxford in 1845; was regius pro American journalist, editor of the Philadelphia "Pre ." He was minister to Ru ia under President Harrison 1890-92, and postmaster-general 1898-Dec., 1901. Smith, Charles Ferguson. Born at Philadelphia, April 24, 1807: died at Savannah, Tenn., April 25, 1862. An American general. He gradu. ated at West Point in 1825; served as instructor, adjutant, and commandant at West Point 1829-42; commanded a light battalion in the Mexican war, and was distinguished at Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey, Churubusco, etc.; commanded the Red River expedition in 1856; and served in the Utah expedition 1857-60. He was appointed fe or of modern history at that university 1858-66; and was profe or of English and constitutional history at Cornell University (Ithaca, New York) from 1868 to 1871, when he exchanged his chair for that of a non-resident profe or and removed to Toronto. He became a member of the senate of the Toronto University; was editor of the Monthly" 1872-74; and founded the "Toronto Wanadian one has published Lectures on Modern History" (1861), "Irish History and Irish Character" (1861), "Rational Religion" (1861), "On Church Endowments (1862), "The Empire" (1863), "Civil War in America" (1866), "Three English Statesmen" (1867), "Reorganiza- tion of the University of Oxford" (1868), "Relations be- tween America and England" (1869), "Short History of brigadier general of tuned for the the battle of Fort Do nelson in 1862; and was made major- general of volunteers in March, 1862. division the heights commanding at History of the United States" (1893), Smith, Edmund Kirby. Born at St. Augustine, Fla., May 16, 1824: died at Sewanee, Tenn., March 28, 1893. A Confederate general. He graduated at West Point in 1845; served in the Mexican and Indian wars; was wounded at Bull Run in 1861; led the advance in Bragg's invasion of Kentucky in 1862; gained the battle of Richmond, Kentucky, Aug. 30, 1862, and was made lieutenant-general; served at Perryville and Murfreesboro; was commander of the Trans-Mi i ippi department in 1863; was opposed to Banks in the Red River campaign of 1864; was made general; and was the last Confederate commander to surrender (May 26, 1865). Smith, Eli. Born at North ford, Conn., Sept. 13, 1801: died at Beirut, Syria, Syria, Jan. 11, 1857. An American mi ionary in Syria, and Arabic scholar. He graduated at Yale in 1821, and at And over in 1826, and in that year became superintendent of the mi ionary printing-house at Malta: later he became connected with the mi ion in Syria. In 1829 he traveled in Greece. In 1830-31, with Dr. H. G. O. Dwight, he made a journey through Armenia, Georgia, and Persia, and settled in Beirut in 1833. In 1838, with Profe or Edward Robinson, he made a remarkable exploration of Palestine, which is said to have "opened the second great era of our knowledge of the Promised Land." In 1852 they visited Jerusalem again. He began in 1844 to translate the Bible into Arabic, and a large portion of it was in print at the time of his death. It was completed by Dr. Cornel i us Van Dyke in 1866-67. He had devised an improved font of Arabic typе, England (1) Conduct of England to Ireland" (1882), Smith, Green Clay. Born 1832: died June 29, 1895. An American politician, general, and clergyman. He was a Federal general in the Civil War; Union member of Congre from Kentucky 1863-66; governor of Montana Territory 1866-69; and later a Baptist minister. Prohibition candidate for the presidency 1876. Smith, Gustavus Woods on. Born in Scott County, Ky., Jan. 1, 1822: died June 23, 1896. An American soldier. He graduated at West Point in 1842; served in the Mexican war; and resigned from the army in 1854. He was street commi ioner of New York city from 1858 to 1861, when, at the outbreak of the Civil War, he entered the Confederate army, and was appointed major-general in Sept., 1861. He was insurance commis Insurance" (3d ed. 1877) and "Confederate War Papers" (1884).