Vicia (visia)

[NL. (Rivinus, 1691), filiform and more or le beaked, usually with a terminal dorsal tuft. About 200 species have been described, of which probably not over 100 are well defined. They are widely distributed through north temperate regions and South America; one species, V. sativa, long cultivated, is now naturalized within the southern hemisphere in the Old World. They are chiefly tendril-climbers, rarely spreading herbs, or somewhat erect. The flowers are usually blue, violet, or yellowish. The fruit is a compre ed two-valved pod with globose seeds. The species are known in general as vetch. V. sativa is cultivated in the Old World as a fodder-crop, also under the names of fitches, tares, and lints; 16 or more other species are also useful for forage. (See tare2.) Several species are valued for their seeds, especially V. Faba ( Faba vulgar is ), the horse-bean of Old World cultivation (for which see Faba, bean1, Mazagan ). V. gigantea (V. Sitchensis ), a tall, robust purple-flowered climber growing from San Francisco to Sitka, produces seeds which when young resemble green peas in size and taste. Nine species are natives of England, 72 of Europe, about 10 in the United States, besides a few in Mexico; 3 species (mentioned under tare ) are locally naturalized in the United States; 3 only are native to the Central States, of which V. Ameri can a (see pea - vine ) extends west, V. Cracca north, and V. Carol in i an a east; the last, the Carolina vetch, is a delicate plant with graceful secund racemes of small lavender flowers; V. Cracca, the tufted vetch, or cow-vetch, is also native in the Old World, and is much admired for its densely flowered racemes, which are first blue, and turn purple. See cuts under Faba, mucronulate, plumule, pod, and vetch. viciatet, v. t. An obsolete spelling of vitiate. Sir T. More, Works, p. 636. Vicieæ (vi-si'ē-ē), n. pl. [NL. (Bronn, 1822), of the plants known as pea and vetch- -the genera Cicer, Lens, and Pisum belonging exclusively to the Old World, Vicia (the type), Lathyrus, and Abrus also to the New. vicinage (vis'i-nāj), n. [Formerly also voisinage (the form vicinage being made to agree with vicinity, etc.); 6748 neighboring, That soul that makes itself an object to sin, and invites an enemy to view its po e ions, and live in the vicinage , loves the sin itself. Jer. Taylor , Works (ed. 1835), I. 109. Macaulay , Hist. Eng., xii. The Protestant gentry of the vicinage . I live in a vicinage beloved by nightingales, and where they often keep me awake at night. Mortimer Collins , Thoughts in my Garden, II. 104. 2. The condition of being a neighbor or of being neighborly. Civil war had broken up all the usual ties of vicinage and good neighbourhood. Scott . Common because of vicinage. See common , 4. vicinal (vis'i-nal), a . [ vicinal = It. vicinale , vicinal is , neighboring, vicinus , neighboring: see vicine .] Near; neighboring. [Rare.] Vicinal planes, in mineral . , planes whose position varies very little from certain prominent fundamental planes: for example, the planes of the cube in fluor-spar are sometimes replaced by the vicinal planes of a tetra hexahedron, which are very nearly coincident with those of the cube, and hence are called vicinal . - Vicinal surface. See surface. vicinet (vis'in), a. [= OF. veisin , F. voisin = Sp. vecino = Pg. vizinho = It. vicino , L. vic i nus, near, neighboring (as a noun vicinus , m., vicina , f., a neighbor), lit. 'of the (same) village, quarter, or street,' vic us , a village, quarter of a city, street: see wick .] Same as vicinal . For duetie and conscience sake towards God, vnder naturally bee most nigh and vicine. whose merc i full hand nauigants aboue all other creatures Hakluyt's Voyages , I. 229. Pride and envy are too uncivil for a peaceable city; the one cannot endure a vicine prosperity, nor the other a superior eminency. Rev. T. Adams, Works, II. 321. Vicksburg group When vicious pa ions and impulses are very strong, it is idle to tell the sufferer that he would be more happy if his nature were radically different from what it is. Lecky, Europ. Morals, L. 63. 4. Impure; foul; vitiated: as, vicious humors. -5. Faulty; incorrect; not pure; corrupt: as, a vicious style. Whatsoeuer transgre ed those lymits, they counted it for vitious; and thereupon did set downe a manner of regiment in all speech generally to be obserued, consisting in sixe pointes. Putten ham , Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 130. It is a vicious use of speech to take out a substantive kernel from its content and call that its object. W. James , Prin. of Psychology, I. 275. 6. Not well broken or trained; given to objectionable tricks: said of an animal. He was, in fact, noted for preferring vicious animals, given to all kinds of tricks, which kept the rider in constant risk of his neck. Irving , Sketch-Book, p. 439. 7. Characterized by severity; virulent; malignant; spiteful: as, a vicious attack. [Colloq.] - Vicious circle. See circle. - Vicious intromi ion. See intromi ion , 3. - Vicious syllogism, a fallacy or sophism.-Vicious union, the knitting of the two fragments of a broken bone in such a way as to cause deform ity of the limb or marked interference with its function. Syn. 2 and 3. Wicked, Depraved, etc. (see criminal), unprincipled, licentious, profligate.-6. Refractory, ugly. viciously (vish'us-li), adv. In a vicious manner. Specifically-( a ) In a manner contrary to rectitude, virtue, or purity: as, a viciously inclined person. (b) Faultily; incorrectly: as, a picture viciously painted. (c) Spitefully; malignantly: as, to attack one viciously.