EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY

the latest of the Scottish universities, was founded in 1582 by a charter granted by James VI. The number of profe ors and other teachers is now over 240. The university is a corporation consisting of a chancellor, rector, principal, profe ors, registered graduates and alum i, and matriculated students. Government. Its government is administered by the University Court, the Senatus Academic us, and the General Council, as in the other Scottish universities, in all of which new ordinances have been introduced 59 EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY 56 EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY under the Universities (Scotland) Act of 1889. The University Court, which is the supreme governing body of the university, consists of the rector, who is president, the principal, the Lord Provost of Edinburgh, and eleven a e ors. The Senatus superintends the teaching and discipline of the university, and consists of the principal and profe ors. The General Council consists of the chancellor, who is president, the members of the University Court and Senatus, and the graduates of the university. It takes cognizance of matters generally affecting the well-being of the university. The chancellor is the official head of the university, and it is Edinburgh University through him or his deputy, the vice chancellor, that degrees are ‘conferred. He is elected for life by the General Council. The principal is the resident head of the university and president of the Senatus, and is appointed for life (at Edinburgh by a body called the ‘Curators,’ elsewhere by the Crown). The lord rector is elected for three years by the matriculated students. Faculties. There are six faculties in the university, viz. arts, science, divinity, law, medicine, and music. Some of the profe ors are appointed by the Crown, others by special electors, and a considerable number by the curators, who represent the university court and the town council. The number of students in 1919-20 was over 4,300. Candidates for degrees in the different faculties must now pa an entrance examination before attendance upon cla es. Women are admitted to all courses and degrees, equally with men, except in the faculty of divinity. Those desirous of taking the degree of Master of Arts (M.A.) must attend cla es and pa examinations in at least seven subjects, selected from four departments, viz. language and literature, mental philosophy, science, history and law, the course of study extending over three academic years at least. There is a considerable restriction in choice of subjects, since four of them must be (a) Latin or Greek; (b) English or a Modern Language; (c) Logic or Moral Philosophy; (d) Mathematics or Natural Philosophy; and the whole subjects must include both of (a) or both of (c), or two out of the three—mathematics, natural philosophy, and chemistry. Four medical degrees are conferred: Bachelor of Medicine (M.B.), Bachelor of Surgery (Ch.B.), Master of Surgery (Ch.M.), and Doctor of Medicine (M.D.). Before any of these degrees can be obtained the candidate must have been engaged in medical study for at least five years. The degrees in law are Bachelor of the Law (B.L.), Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.), and Doctor of Laws (LL.D.), the last being purely honorary. In divinity the degrees are Bachelor and Doctor of Divinity (B.D. and D.D.), the latter being honorary. In science the degrees are likewise Bachelor and Doctor (B.Se. and D.Sc.), both conferred in the three departments of pure science, engineering, and public health. There is also a B.Sc. in agriculture. The degree of Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil.) is conferred for proficiency in mental science, and that of Doctor of Letters (D.Litt.) for proficiency in literary, philological, and linguistic studies. The degrees of Bachelor and Doctor of Music (Mus.B. and Mus.D.) are also conferred. There is a joint board of examiners for the four Scottish universities, having the control and supervision of the preliminary examinations. Laboratories, Library, Bursaries, etc. The university has splendid laboratories and museums. The foundation stone of a new science laboratory was laid by King George on 6th July, 1920. The library contains 200, 000 volumes. There are bursaries, scholarships, and fellowships, amounting annually to about £12,500. Since19 18 the University of Edinburgh unites with the other Scottish universities in returning three members to Parliament. The constituency consists of the General Council.—BIBLIoGRAPHY; J. Kerr, Scottish Education, School and University, from Early Times to 1908: University Calendar; 60 EDISON Sir Alex. Grant, The Story of the University of Edinburgh from Early Times to 1908.