Galla Placid i a

There is a narthex on the west: its door is a very richly sculptured work of the 13th century. The 3-aisled interior has 24 antique columns; in one chapel there is a fresco of the evangelists and the doctors of the church, by Giotto, powerful and characteristic despite restoration. The palace of Theodoric, a fragment 65 the middle, and over it a large domed niche containing a long, with two tiers of arcades, a large arched doorway in double-arched window, is important historically as the Nya a. Once a powerful nation, they have been much reduced in numbers and power by the Maviti and other tribes owning firearms. They are kinsmen of the Manganja. A fraction of the tribe fled east to the Namuli Mountains, and mixed there with Lomwe tribes. Ravi, or Ravee (rä've). One of the "five rivers" of the Panjab, India, uniting with the Chenab 35 miles northeast of Multan. Length, over 400 miles. Rawal Pindi, or Rawul Pindee (râ'ul pin'dē). 1. A division of the Panjab, British India. Area, 15,435 square miles. Population (1881), 2,520,508.-2. A district in the Rawal Pindi division, intersected by lat. 33° 30′ N., long. 73° E. Area, 4,844 square miles. Population (1891), 887,194.-3. The capital of the district of Rawal Pindi, situated about lat. 33° 37′ N., long. 73°5′ E. It is an important military station and commercial center. Population, including cantonment (1891), 73,795. Rawdon, Lord. See Hastings , Francis Rawdon . Rawil, or Rawyl (rä-vēl'), Pa , F. Col des Ravins (kol dā rä-van'). An Alpine pa on the border of the cantons of Bern and Valais, Switzerland, leading from the Simmenthal in Bern to the Rhone valley at Sion. Rawlins (râ'linz), John Aaron. Born at East Galena, III., Feb. 13, 1831: died at Washington, D. C., Sept. 9, 1869. An American general. He was a Douglas Democrat in 1860, but joined the Union army on the outbreak of the Civil War, and became a is. Rawlins tant adjutant-general to Grant in 1861, and chief of staff with the rank of brigadier-general in 1865. He was secretary of war 1869. Rawlinson (râʻlin-son), George. Born at Chad ling ton, Oxfords hire, Nov. 23, 1812: died at Canterbury, Oct. 6, 1902. An English historian, Orientalist, and theologian, the brother of Sir H. C. Rawlinson. He became canon of Canterbury cathedral in 1872. He published "Five Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World" (1862-67), "The Sixth Great Oriental Monarchy" (1873), "The Seventh Great Oriental Monarchy" (1876), "A Manual of Ancient History" (1869), a translation of Hero dot us (1858-60: conjointly with his brother and Sir J. G. Wilkinson), "A History of Egypt" (1881), "Phœnicia" (1889), and various theological works. Rawlinson, Sir Henry Creswicke. Born at Chad ling ton, Oxfords hire, April 11, 1810: died at London, March 5, 1895. An English A yriologist and diplomatist. He entered the East India Company's army in 1827, and held various important offices both military and diplomatic, retiring in 1856. In 1858 he was appointed British minister at Teheran, where he one year. He a of be remained and member the Coon philosopher. He was a priest attached to the parish of St. Sulpice in Paris, but was dismi ed for bad conduct, and subsequently devoted himself to literature. His best known work is the "His to ire philosophique et politique des établi ements et du commerce des Européens dans les deux Indes" ("Philosophical and Political History of the Establishments and Commerce of the Europe ans in the Two Indies": published 1770; new edition 1780-85). The book was burned by order of the Parlement in 1781 on account of its liberalism, and its author was exiled. He also wrote "His to ire du Stathoudérat" (1748), "Anecdotes littéraires" (2 vols. 1750), “Mémoires politiques de l'Europe" (3 vols. 1754-74), etc. Raynal was regarded as a leader of the French freethinkers. Raynouard (rā-nö-är'), François Juste Marie. Born at Brignoles, France, Sept., 1761: died at Pa y, Paris, Oct. 27, 1836. A French poet and scholar. He was noted for his works on Provençal literature and language, including "Choix des poésies origin a les des troubadours” (1816-21), and "Lexique roman," dictionary of the language of the troubadours, with a grammar and a selection of poems (1836-45). Razès (rä-zā'). A former small division of Langue doc, France, corresponding to parts of the departments of Aude and Pyrénées-Orient a les. Razor (rā'zor). An amusing intriguing valet in Vanbrugh's comedy "The Provoked Wife." cal Society in 1871. He was made a K. C. B. in 1856, a G. C. B. in 1889, and a baronet in 1891. He copied, amid great hardships, the trilingual inscription at Behistun. He published "On the Inscriptions of As syria and Baby- lonia” (1850), "Outline of the History of As syria" (1852), and "England and Ru ia in the East" (1875); and was Razzi. See Sodoma . a 59° 18' W. (rā), Ray, or Wray (John Born near Brain tree, noted English naturalist, called "the father of English natural history.” He traveled on the Continent with Will ugh by 1663-66. It is thought that the latter deserves much of the praise which Ray received as the founder of systematic zoology. He published "Catalog us plant arum Angliæ, etc." (1670); "A Collection of English Proverbs (1670, and many later editions); "Method us plant arum nova, etc." (1682); "Hist or i a plant arum" (16861704); "Method us in sec to rum" (1705), and many zoölogical works; "The Wisdom of God manifested in the Works of the Creation" (1691); "Miscellaneous Discourses" (1692); etc. The Ray Society was established in 1844 for the pur pose of publishing "rare books of established merit" on zoology, botany, etc. Rayi (rā'ē). [Ar. al-rai, the shepherd.] A rarely used name of a Ophiuchi, usually known as Rasalhague . Rayleigh, Lord. See Strutt , John William . Raymi, Feast of. See Hatun Raymi . Raymond (ra'mond). A village in Hinds County, Mi i ippi, 13 miles west by south of Jackson. Here, May 12, 1863, part of Grant's army defeated the Confederates. Raymond IV., of Saint-Gilles. Died at Tripolis, Feb. 28, 1105. Count of Toulouse 1088-1105. He was one of the most powerful princes in Europe in his participated in the first Crusade. He besieged Tripolis and in 1096 a umed command of a large army in 1104. Also Raimond , Raimund , etc. Raymond VI. Born 1156: died 1222. Count of Toulouse 1194-1222. He took part with the Albigenses against the Crusaders under Montfort, and was totally defeated by the latter in 1213. Raymond, Henry Jarvis. Born at Lima, N. Y., Jan. 24, 1820: died at New York, June 18, 1869. An American journalist and politician. He became a istant editor of the New York "Tribune" 1841; later was on the staff of the "Courier and Enquirer"; was speaker of the New York A embly in 1850 and 1861; founded the "New-York Times" in 1851; was lieutenant governor of New York 1855-57; and was Republican member of Congre from New York 1865-67. He wrote "A History of the Administration of President Lincoln" (1864), "Life and Public Services of Abraham Lincoln " (1865), etc. Raymond, John T. (a umed umed name of John O'Brien). Born at Buffalo, N. Y., April 5, 1836: died at Evansville, Ind., April 10, 1887. An American comedian. He made his first appearance on the stage at Rochester, New York, in 1853; and in 1859 made his first distinctive hit as Asa Trenchard with Sothern as Dundreary. In 1873 he first took the part of Colo nel Mulberry Sellers in "The Gilded Age," for which he is chiefly remembered. Raymond Lully. See Lully . Raynal (ra-näl'), Guillaume Thomas François: called Abbé Raynal. Born at St.-Geniez, Aveyron, France, April 12, 1713: died at Paris, March 6, 1796. A French historian and Biscay, situated opposite La Rochelle, belonging to the department of Charente-Inférieure. Chief place, St.-Martin. The chief industry is salt manufacture. It was the scene of an unsucce ful expedition of the English under the Duke of Bucking ham against the French in 1627. Length, 18 miles. Read (red), George. [The E. surname Read , also spelled Reade , Reed, Sc. Reid , is the same as the adj. red , and, like Black , White , etc., re ferred, as a surname, to the complexion.] Born in Cecil County, Md., Sept. 18, 1733: died at Newcastle, Del., Sept. 21, 1798. An American statesman and jurist, signer of the Declaration of Independence as delegate to Congre from Delaware. He was United States senator from Delaware 1789-93, and chief justice of Delaware 1793-98. Read, Thomas Buchanan. Born in Chester County, Pa., March 12, 1822: died at New York, May 11, 1872. An American poet and painter. He wrote "Poems" (1847, 1853, 1860-65), "The New Pastoral" (1855), "The House by the Sea" (1856), "Sylvia, etc." (1857), "The Wagoner of the Alleghanies" (1862), Reade (red), Charles. Born at Ipsden House, Oxfords hire, June 8, 1814: died at London, April 11, 1884. An English novelist and dramatist. He graduated at Oxford (Magdalen College) in 1835; was elected to a Vinerian scholarship at Oxford; and was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1847. He is noted for the skill with which he inveighed against social wrongs. His first play, "The Ladies' Battle," appeared in 1851. His principal works are "Peg Woffington" (1852), "Christie John stone" (1853), "Masks and Faces" (a play, with Tom Taylor), "Clouds and Sunshine" and "Art" (1855), "It is Never Too Late to Mend" (1856: also dramatized), "Love me Little, Love me Long" (1859), "The Cloister and the Hearth" (1861), "Hard Cash" (1863), "Griffith Gaunt" (1866), "Foul Play" (1869), "Put Yourself in His Place" (1870)eir Terrible Temptation" (1871), and "The Wander ing (1872). Among his other novels are "The Course of True Love never did Run Smooth" (1857), "White Lies" (1857), "A Woman-Hater" (1877), "A Simpleton" (1874), etc. Among his plays are "A Scuttled Ship" (1879: with Boucicault, from "Foul Play") and "Drink" (from Zola's "L'A ommoir"). "Sheridan's Ride" (1865), etc. Reade, William Winwood. Born at Ipsden, England, 1839: died at Wimbled on, England, April 24, 1875. An English traveler in Africa, and novelist, a nephew of Charles Reade. Не published "Savage Africa" (1863), “The African SketchBook" (1873), "Ashantee Campaign" (1875), etc. Reading (red'ing). [ME. Reding , AS. Reáding as , prop. the name of the inhabitants, 'the descendants of Reád,' i. e. Red, a man's name.] Atown in Berks hire, England, situated on the Kennet, near its junction with the Thames, 39 miles west by south of London. It has considerable trade, and manufactures of biscuits, iron, ale, etc., and contains ruins of a Benedictine abbey. It was the headquarters of the Danes in their inroad on We ex in 871, and the scene of one of their defeats; was burned by the Danes in 1006; and was taken by the Parliamentarians under the Earl of E ex in 1643. Population (1901), 72,214. Recorde Sevier County, Tenn., Oct. 8, 1818. An American Democratic politician. He was member of Congre from Texas 1857-61; was postmaster-general of the Confederacy 1861-65, and (for a short time) acting secretary of the treasury; was a member of Congre from Texas 1875-87; and was a United States senator 1887-91, when he resigned in order to accept the chairmanship of the railroad commi ion of the State of Texas. Reate (re-a'te). The ancient name of Rieti. Réaumur (rā-ō-mür'), René Antoine Ferchault de. Born at La Rochelle, France, Feb. 28,1683: died on his estate, Bermondière, Maine, France, Oct. 18, 1757. A French physicist and naturalist, best known as the inventor (about 1731) of the Réaumur thermometer, in the scale of which the space between the freezing-point and the boiling-point of water is divided into 80 degrees. He also discovered the porcelain named from him. His chief work is "Mémoires pour servir à l'his to ire naturelle des insectes" (1734-42). Rebecca, or Rebekah (rē-bek'ä). [F. Rebecque , Sp. Rebeca , Pg. It. Rebecca , L. Rebecca , Gr. PΡε βέκκα , Heb. Ribhqāh , from rabhak , bind, fasten.] The sister of Laban, wife of the patriarch Isaac and mother of Esau and Jacob. Rebecca (re-bek'ä). A character in Sir Walter Scott's novel "Ivanhoe”: a Jewe , the daughter of Isaac of York. She secretly loves Ivanhoe, whom she cures of a wound, and repulses at the peril of her life the criminal love of De Bois Guilbert, on account of whose infatuation she is condemned as a witch, but is saved by the sudden death of her accuser. After the marriage of Ivanhoe to Rowena, she leaves England with her father. Rebellion, The. 1. In United States history, the Civil War (which see). - 2. In Scottish history, the Jacobite insurrections. Rebellion, The Great. In English history, the war waged by the Parliamentary army against Charles I. from 1642 to his execution in 1649, and the subsequent maintenance by force of a government opposed to the excluded sovereign Charles II. till the Restoration in 1660. Rebello da Silva (re-bel'lö dä selvä), Luis Aug us to. Born at Lisbon, April 1, 1822: died Sept. 19, 1871. A Portuguese historian, novel ist, and pr and the historical novel "A mocidade de D. João V." ("The Youth of Dom John V.," 1851-53). Récamier (rā-kä-myā′),Madame (Jeanne Françoise Julie Adélaïde Bernard). Born at Lyons, Dec. 4, 1777: died at Paris, May 11, 1849, A celebrated French leader of society. She was married at 15 to Monsieur Jacques Récamier, who was nearly three times her age. Her beauty and intelligence attracted to her salon a brilliant circle at Paris during the consulate and empire, and later at Abbaye-aux-Bois. She was exiled from Paris by Napoleon. Among her friends were Madame de Staël, Châteaubriand (who wished to marry her after the death of her husband), Constant, etc. The only one of her admirers who is thought to have touched her heart was Prince August us of Pru ia. She agreed to marry him, and her husband, who had lost his fortune, consented to a divorce: she, however, touched by his amiability, refused to leave him in his poverty. Her "Souvenirs et correspond ance" were edited by her niece Madame Lenormant in 1859. of Portugal in the 17th and 18th Centuries" (1860-71) Rechabites (rek'a-bits). The members of a Jewish family and sect descended from Rechab, which, in obedience to the command of Jonadab, Rechab's son, refused to drink wine, build or live in houses, sow seed, or plant or own vineyards (Jer. xxxv. 5–10). Recife. See Pernambuco . Reckling hausen (rek'ling-hou-zen). 1. A former countship in Westphalia, annexed to Pru ia in 1815.-2. A town in the province of Westphalia, Pru ia, situated 31 miles southwest of Münster. Population (1890), 7,640; commune, 14,041. Reclus (ra-klü'), Jean Jacques Élisée. Born at St.-Foy-la-Grande, Gironde, March 15, 1830. A French geographer. He traveled in England, Ireland, and North and South America, 1852-57, and subsequently devoted himself to writing books of travel and geography: some of these were first published in the "Tour du Monde" and the "Revue des Deux Mondes," and republished in book form. They include "La terre" (1867-68), "Les phénomènes terrestres, le monde et les météores" (1872: republished in English as "The Ocean"), "Voyage à la Sierra Nevada de Sainte-Mar the," etc. His greatest work is the "Nouvelle géographie universelle" (20 vols., 4to, 1875-94). In 1871 Reclus was sentenced to Reading. A city, capital of Berks County, Penn- sylvan i a, situated on the Schuylkill 50 miles transportation for life on account of his connection with northwest of Philadelphia. It is an important rail. of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad; and has manufactures of iron, steel, bra , shoes, cigars, leather, etc. It was laid out in 1748, and became a city in 1847. Popula way and manufacturing center; contains machine-shops tion (1900), 78,961. Reading Magdalen, The. See Magdalen , 1. Reading the Will. A painting by Sir David Wilkie (1820), in the New Pinakothek at Munich. A number of persons, of all ages and various demeanor, are a embled in a room listening to the reading of a will by a lawyer, who sits at a table. Reagan (re'gan), John Henninger. Born in the Paris Commune, but the sentence was commuted to banishment at the interce ion of numerous distinguished scientists, and he lived at Clarens, Switzerland, until the amnesty of 1879 permitted his return to Paris. Recoaro (rā-kō-äʻrō). A watering-place in the province of Vicenza, northern Italy, situated 21 miles north-northeast of Verona. Population (1881), commune, 6,163. Recorde (rek'ord), Robert. Born at Tenby, Wales, about 1500: died in the King's Bench prison, London, 1558. A British mathematician and physician. He entered Oxford in 1525; was Recorde fellow of All Souls in 1531; and was physician to Edward VI. and Queen Mary. He wrote "The Grounde of Artes, teachinge the Perfect Worke and Practise of Arithme ticke" (1540), "The Patnway to Knowledge, containing the First Principles of Geometry" (1551), "The Castle of Knowledge, etc." (1556), "The Whetstone of Witte, etc.," the first English book on algebra (1557). Most of his works are in the form of dialogues between the pupil and his master. Reculver (re-kul'ver), or Reculvers (-vérz). A place on the coast of Kent, England, 9 miles northeast of Canterbury: the Roman Regulbium. Recuyell of the His to ryes of Troye. ['Collection of the Tales of Troy.'] See the extract. The first book printed in English, the "Recuyell of the His to ryes of Troye," a stout folio of 351 leaves, does not contain the date of printing, nor the name and place of the printer; but it appears from the introduction that it was translated from the French by William Caxton between the years 1469 and 1471. De Vinne , Invention of Printing, p.507. IMG:content-0966.png:[blocks in formation] Reeve, Henry Africa on the west. It divides in the north into the Gulf of Sinai and the Gulf of Akaba. The chief islands are Farsan and the Dahlak archipelagoes. It communicates on the north with the Mediterranean by the Suez Canal, and on the south with the Indian Ocean by the Strait of Bab-elMandeb and the Gulf of Aden. It is noted for its heat. Its commercial importance has increased since the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. It receives no river of imp or tance. Length, about 1,450 miles. Greatest breadth, 206 miles. Greatest depth, about 1,200 fathoms. Redshid Pasha. See Reshid Pasha . Creek Indians who, expelled from their lands during the War of 1812, retired southward and continued hostile to the United States. They Red Lion in Church street. It was resolved to con- Red Sticks. In United States history, those tinue the meeting from year to year, wherever the A o- ciation might happen to meet. By degrees the "Red Lions"- the name was a umed from the accident of the first meeting-place - became a very exclusive club. Forbes first drew round him the small circle of jovial philosophers which included Lankester, Thomson, Bell, Mitchell, and Strick land. Many were added afterwards, as the club was kept up in London in meetings at Anderton's in Fleet street. Timbs . Redan (rē-dan'). A fortification defending Sebastopol in the Crime an war. It was stormed Red Mountain. A range in Wyoming, near by the British Sept. 8, 1855, but immediately Yellow stone Lake. The highest point is Mount abandoned them. Sheridan (which see). Red Bank (red bangk'). A village in Glouces- Redon (re-don'). A town in the department of ter County, New Jersey, situated on the Dela Ille-et-Vilaine, situated at the junction of the ware 7 miles south of Philadelphia. Here, Oct. Oust with the Vilaine, 37 miles southwest of 22, 1777, the Americans defeated the British and Rennes. Population (1891), commune, 6,929. He ian forces under Donop. Red Book of Hergest, The. [W. Llyfr Coch .] The collection of Welsh tales known in its English translation as "The Mabinogion." It is a MS. of the 14th century, and is at Jesus College, Oxford. It contains a chronology from Adam to 1318 A. D., a chronological history of the Saxons to 1376, and the oldest copies known to exist of the poems of Taliesin and Llywarch Hen. Red Cro Knight, The. The hero of the first book of the "Faerie Queene," by Spenser.