solo organ

A part of some organs containing son percant (son per-san') Fr. powerful pipes designed for produc- A shrill, piercing-, penetrating sound. ing special effects. The keyboard sonabile (so-na'-bi-le) It. adj. Sonorous; sounding; resonant. which connects with it is the uppermost when there are four keyboards sonagliare (s5-nal-ye-a'-re) It. v. and the lowest when there are three. To ring a bell; to make a tinkling solo-pitch or jingling sound. A special tuning of an instrument sonaglio A little (so-nal'-yo) bell. It. n. upon which a soloist performs: deeffects, signed to a ist in attaining special sonajero (so-na-ha'-ro) Spa. n. A timbrel of small proportions. solo quartet son a men to Sounding; (so-na-men'-to) ringing. It. adj. 1. A group of four soloists, or a composition for such a group, sonare (s5-na'-re) It. v. To sound; to play upon; to ring; to 2. A composition for four instruments, one of which has the princigive forth a sound. pal part. son are men'-te) mente ali a It. (so-na'-re al'-la solo stop To extemporize; to improvise in Any group of pipes in the organ playing... which are designed for producing characteristic or solo effects. This sonare ll viohno (so-na -re el ve-o-le - name is not limited to stops in the no) It. solo soloist organ See also solo organ, To play the violin, sonata (so-na'-ta) It. n. One who sings or plays a solo; es- In the Seventeenth and Eighteenth pecial y, a singer or player of more Centuries, any instrument al compos i than ordinary qualifications, who tion as opposed to cantata, a vocal habitually renders solo parts. composition. In this early music there solomanie (so-lo-ma-ne') Tur. n. were two varieties, sonata da chiesa, A flute used in Turkey. church sonatas, and sonata de camera, Solosa nger (zo-lo-zeng-er) Ger. n. chamber sonatas, the first being grave Solo-s inger. and dignified, the second lighte r in character. In modern music, sonata 505 486 sonata song, prick is an instrumental selection, par tic us on a tore (so-na-to'-re) It. n. larly one for the piano having three A male instrumentalist. or four movements with contrasted son at rice rhythms in related keys. A sonata Feminine(so-na-tre'-che) It. n.a womform of sonatore: for a string quartet is called a quartet, an who plays an instrument. and one for full orchestra, a symsonetto (so-net'-to) It. n. phony. The sonata was brought to A sonnet; especially, a song comits present perfection by Beethoven, song prising a sonnet in a musical setting, sonata da camera (so-na'-ta da ka'- sonevole (so-na'-vo-le) It. adj. me-ra) It. Sounding; sonorous; resonant, A chamber sonata; an instrumental composition for parlor use. 1. In general, vocal musical utters on at a da chiesa (so-na'-ta da ke-a'- ance or expre ion. za) It. 2. A poem set to music, in which A sonata for the church; an in strut he words are combined with a dis mental piece of religious character. tinct melody, whether for a single voice, or for several voices. In the sonata di bravura (so-na'-ta de bra latter case, where harmonized for voo'-ra) It. A brilliant and spirited instrumental more than two voices, it is usually piece, called a part-song, although compos on at a form sitions for a number of voices are The oldest composer to use this cla ified under various other names, term was Andrea Gabriel i in 1568. It such as chorus, madrigal and others, was then loosely applied to pieces for according to form, use and extent. several instruments characterized by The song proper is usually considthe evolution of harmonic fulne . At ered as belonging to one of two the present time the term designates cla es: (a) the folk-song, a national a composition for instrumental per or popular song, beginning among the form ance distinguished by the pos common people, usually without defi se ion of two themes in different nitely known origin; (b) the art-song, keys. The sonata form is the one which is the product of cultivated upon which is based the construction musical taste and inspiration, and of the symphony, the concerto, the which is, in its turn, known either as overture, and the sonata itself. The strophic, or as thorough-composed, sonata form in brief usually follows the former kind being that in which some such outline as this: (a.) The each strophe, stanza, is sung to the exposition, in which the chief theme same melody, with, perhaps, a varia is followed by a subordinate theme in tion in the closing measures of the another key related to that of the last stanza; the latter, songs in which chief theme, (b.) A development, or each stanza has a more or le appro working out section, in which both priate musical setting of its own. themes are treated as the skill and The e ential element of language fancy of the composer dictates, either singly or in conjunction, (c.) A rein song also leads to a natural cla ification according to nationality, such capitulation, consisting of a return to as French, German, or Italian songs. the first theme and then to the second, song, bacchanalian not, however, in its original key, but A song of lively and boisterous in that of the first theme. character, with allusions to the noisy