Falkland Islands

[F. Malouines, Sp. Mal tinas .] A group of islands in the South Atlantic, belonging to Great Britain, situated east of Patagonia in lat. 51°-52° 45′ S., long. 57° 30′-62° W. It comprises East and West Falkland and about 100 smaller islands. The chief settlement is Stanley. The islands were discovered by John Davis in 1592, were settled by the French in 1763, and were seized by the English in 1765, and later by the Spanish. They have been a British po e ion since 1833, but are claimed by the Argentine Republic. Area, 6,500 square miles. Population (1891), 1,789. Falkner (fâk'nėr), Thomas. Born at Manchester, England, Oct. 6, 1707: died at Plowden Hall, Shropshire, Jan. 30, 1784. An English Jesuit mi ionary. He was surgeon on a slave-ship, and sailed to Africa and thence to Buenos Ayres, where he fell sick and was cared for by the Jesuits: he joined their order in 1732, and was a mi ionary in Paraguay and Tucuman, and from 1740 among the Indians of Patagonia. After 1767 he lived in England. His own writings are probably lost, but a compilation from them was published in 1774 as "A Description of Patagonia and the Adjoining Parts of South America," Falköping (fäl'che-ping). A town in the laen of Skaraborg, southern Sweden, 58 miles northeast of Go then burg. Here, in 1389, Albert, 1 g of Sweden, was defeated by Margaret, queen of Denmark and Norway, who by this victory united the three Scand in avian kingdoms under one ruler. Population (1891), 2,829. Fallmerayer (fäl'me-ri-er), Jakob Philipp. Born at Tschötsch, near Brixen, Tyrol, Dec. 10, 1790: died at Munich, April 26, 1861. A German historian and traveler in the East. His works include "Geschichte des Kaiser tums Trapezunt" (1831), "Geschichte der Halbinsel Morea im Mit tel alter" (1830-36), Fragmente aus dem Orient" (1845). Fall of Mortimer, The. A fragment of a tragedy by Ben Jonson. Falloppio (fäl-lop'pē-ō), or Fallopia (fäl-lō'pē-ä), L. Fallopius (fa-lo'pi-us), Gabriello. Born at Modena, Italy, 1523: died at Padua, Oct. 9, 1562. A celebrated Italian anatomist, profe or of anatomy succe ively at Ferrara, Pisa, and Padua. His collected works were published at Venice in 1584 (3 vols.). The Fallopian tube was named from him. Falloux (fä-lö'), Comte Alfred Frédéric Pierre de. Born at Angers, France, May 7, 1811: died there, Jan. 7, 1886. A French politician and author, minister of public instruction 18481849. He published “Mme. Swetchine, sa vie et ses œuvres" (1859), etc. Fallows (fal'ōz), Fearon. Born at Cocker mouth, Cumber land, July 4, 1789: died at Simon's Bay, July 25, 1831. An English astron IMG:content-0483.png:[blocks in formation] try in Bristol County, Ma achusetts, situated on Mount Hope Bay, pe Bay, at the mouth of Taunton River, 45 miles southwest of Boston. It is celebrated for its manufactures, especially of cotton. It was incorporated as a town in 1803, and as a city in 1854. Steamers ply between Fall River and New York. Population (1900), 104,863. Falls City. A name given to Louisville, Kentucky, from the rapids or falls of the Ohio River near the city. Fanshawe 1761, in consequence of which Spain joined with France in the war against Great Britain. The branch house of Bourbon ruling in Italy was also included in this alliance. Family of Love, The. A comedy by Middle ton, produced in 1608. It was a satire on a Puritan sect. Family Party, The. An aristocratic political party in Quebec, Canada, about 1835. Fan (fäng). A powerful African nation of the Falmouth (fal'muth). A seaport and watering- place in Cornwall, England, on Falmouth Bay in lat. 50° 9′ N., long. 5° 4′ W. It has a good har- bor, and was formerly of considerable importance, espe- cially as a station for mail-packets. The harbor is com- manded by Pen dennis Castle. Pop. (1892), about 12,800. False Bay (fâls bā). An arm of the ocean on the southern coast of Cape Colony, South Africa, east of the Cape of Good Hope. False Friend, The. A comedy by Vanbrugh, gent, and learn quickly the white man's French Kongo (Gabun). They now extend north to Batanga, and up the Livindo River into German Kamerun. Since the beginning of the 19th century they have moved gradually and steadily from the highland of the Sanga basin down to the coast, and the Mpongwe seem to be doomed to disappear before them. The Fan are hunters, and are traders in ivory and rubber. The old men still practise cannibalism secretly. The Fan are lighter in color than their Bantu-negro neighbors, and their imple- ments also show an independent type. They are in tell i- 's ways. Some think printed in 1702. Falsen (fäl's en), Christian Magnus. Born at Opslo, near Christiania, Norway, Sept. 17, 1782: died at Christiania, Jan. 13, 1830. A Norwegian jurist, politician, and historian. He published a "History of Norway to 1319" (1823-24), a biography of Washington (1821), etc. False One, The. A play by Fletcher and Mas- singer, written about 1620, and printed in 1647. It is an indirect imitation of Shakspere's "Antony and Cleopatra," dealing with the fortunes of Julius Cæsar in Egypt. Cleopatra is represented as in her youth. False Point (fâls point). A seaport on the coast of Ori a, Bengal, British India, lat. 20° 20′ N., long. 86° 46′ E., with a fine harbor. Falstaff (fal's taf). 1. A comic opera by Balfe, produced in London in 1838. The words are by Maggione.-2. An opera by Nicolai, produced at London in 1864. It was originally brought out in Berlin in 1849 under the name "Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor" ("The Merry Wives of Windsor"). 3. An opera by Verdi, produced at Milan Feb. 9, 1893. Falstaff, Sir John. A celebrated character in Shakspere's historical play “Henry IV.” (1st and 2d parts); and also in “The Merry Wives of Windsor." He is a very fat, sensual, and witty old knight; a swindler, drunkard, and good-tempered liar; and something of a coward. Falstaff was originally called Sir John Old castle. The first actor of the part was John Heminge. Shakespeare found the name of John Old castle in the older play of "Henry V."; in the Chronicle he found a John Old castle, who was page to the Duke of Norfolk who plays a part in "Richard II."; and this, according to Shakespeare, his Falstaff (Old castle) had been in his youth. When the poet wrote his "Henry IV." he knew not who this Old castle was, whom he had rendered so distinct with the designation as Norfolk's page; he was a Lord Cobham [Sir John Old castle, known as the good Lord Cobham], who had perished as a Lollard and Wickliffite in the persecution of the church under Henry V. The Protestants regarded him as a holy martyr, the Catholics as a heretic; the latter seized with eagerne this description of the fat poltroon, and gave it out as a portrait of Lord Cobham, who was indeed physically and mentally his contrast. The family complained of this misuse of a name dear to them, and Shakespeare declared in the epilogue to "Henry IV." that Cobham was in his sight also a martyr, and that "this was not the man." At the same time, he changed the name to Falstaff, but this was of little use; in spite of the expre retraction, subsequent Catholic writers on church history still declared Falstaff to be a portrait of the heretic Cobham. But it is a strange circumstance that even now under the name of Falstaff another historical character is again sought for, just as if it were impo ible for such a vigorous form not to be a being of reality. It was referred to John Fastolfe, whose cowardice is more stigmatised in "Henry VI." than history justifies; and this too met with public blame, although Shakespeare could have again a erted that he intended Fastolfe as little as Cobham. Gervinus , Shakespeare Commentaries (tr. by F. E. Bunnett, [ed. 1880), p. 300. Falster (fäl's ter). An island in the Baltic Sea, belonging to Denmark, situated south of Zealand. It is noted for its fertility. The chief town is Nykjöbing. Area (including Ha elö), 179 square miles.