DVINA

or DWINA, two rivers, Ru ia. (1) Northern Dvina has origin in two head-streams in Vologda (60° 42’ N., 46° 21’ H.); enters White Sea by wide estuary, 25 m. below Archangel; length c. 780 m., of which over 350 m. navigable; — connected by canal with Neva and Volga. During World War the estuary was utilized by Allied ve els carrying stores and munitions to Ru ia; Archangel occupied by Allied force, Aug. 1918, which repulsed Bolshevists in May 1919; troops withdrawn at end of year. (2) Southern Dvyina, or Diina, rises in to Vitebsk, then N.W. past Dvinsk to Gulf of Riga; length, c. 650 m.; small ve els ascend to Dvinsk; mouth frozen Dec. to March. During World War Lower Dvina proved a strong barrier against Ger. invasion and was not cro ed till Aug. 1917; remained scene of fighting even after armistice of Nov. 1918. In Oct. 1919 Ger. troops attacked Riga, but were repulsed by Letts; in Jan. 1920 Letts and Poles captured