SULPHUR

(Lat.), n. n. Su3lf(su4lf) U6r(u4r). Gen., sulph'uris. Gr., Selov. Fr., soufre. Ger., Schwefel. It., zolfo. Sp., azufre. Written also sulfur. 1. A non-metallic element occurring in nature both free and combined. As obtained in nature it forms yellow transparent rhombic crystals, insoluble in water, and only slightly soluble in alcohol or ether, but very soluble in carbon disulphide, in benzene, in petroleum, and in oil of turpentine. It has a slight taste, and on rubbing acquires a peculiar odor. The sp. gr. of this variety of s. is 2'05, and it melts at 114'5 C. to form a clear yellow liquid. When this liquid is cooled till a crust has formed over its surface, and the underlying liquid is poured off, the s. lining the sides of the ve el recrystallizes in long, thin, transparent, monoclinic prisms, constituting monoclinic s., which has a sp. gr. of 1'96 and melts at 120 C. The s. of commerce (cf. S. cabal linum) is obtained by fusing native s., and this in turn is purified by sublimation, condensing to form flowers of s. When s. is heated to over 200 C., the molten substance becomes dark and viscid (cf. Plastic s.), but the viscidity diminishes on subsequently increasing the temperature. S. unites directly with many elements and radicles to form the sulphides. In combination with oxygen it enters into the formation of sulphurous, sulphuric, hyposulphurous, thiosulphuric, dithionic, trithionic, and pent a thionic acids, as well as of the salts of these acids. In composition it acts usually as a bivalent radicle, and the compounds so formed have a marked analogy to the compounds of oxygen. In other cases s. acts as a quadrivalent and sexvalent radicle. Atomic weight, 31 -98; symbol, S. [B, 3, 5.] See also Insoluble s., Roll s., and Washed s. 2. Of Para cels us, the combustible part of the human body. [H.] Acidum siilplmris volatile. See AN TIM ON I I cly us. Alcohol of s., Alcohol sulphur is. 1. Carbon disulphide. [B, 81,97.] 2. Flowers of s. in fine powder. [Sir H. Davy (B, 39).] Alkaline s. ointment. See Unguentum sulphur is alkalinum. Astrum sulphur is. See Sulphur is ASTRUM. Balsam of s. Lat., balsamum sulphur is. Fr., baume de soufre. A solution of s. in linseed-oil. [B.] Balsamum sulphur is anisatum. A solution of s. in oil of aniseed. [B, 119.] Balsamum sulphur is Rulandi. A solution of s. in linseed-oil or nut-oil. [L, 45.] Balsamum sulphur is simplex. A preparation made by digesting flowers of s. with from four to ten times as much almond-oil, nut-oil, or olive-oil, and straining; or by digesting 2 parts of flowers of s., 18 of oil of poppy, and 6 of wine for eight days, and boiling till the moisture is di ipated. [B, 119 (a. 38).] Balsamum sulphur is terehinthinatum. See Oleum TEREBINTH IN^; sulfur a tum. Beguin's volatile spirit of s. See LIQUOR/wmansBoT/Hi.Ceratumesulphure. SeeCfiRAT soufre and cf. Unguentum sulphur is. Confectio (sen Electuarium) sulphur is [Br. Ph.]. Fr., electuaire de soufre, opiat de soufre. Ger., Schwefellatwerge. A preparation made by rubbing together 4 oz. of sublimed s., 1 oz. of acid pota ium tartrate in powder, 4 fl. oz. of syrup of orange-peel, and 18 grains of powdered tragacanth. [B, 81 (a. 21); B, 95.] Emplastrum sulphur is. A plaster made by melting together 3 parts of flowers of s., 12 of olive oil, and 15 of yellow wax, and adding 30 of myrrh; or by melting together 3 parts each of oleum terebinth in as sulphur a tum, yellow wax, and colophony, and adding 9 of myrrh. [B, 119 (a, 38).] Flores sulphur is. See Flowers of s. Flores sulphur is lotl. See Washed s. Flowers of s. Fr., fleurs de soufre. Ger., Schwefelblumen. Sublimed s. obtained in the form of light powdery flakes. [B.] Glyceritum cum sulphure [Fr. Cod., 1866]. Fr., glycere de soufre. A preparation made by thoroughly mixing 1 part of sublimed and washed sulphur with 4 parts of glycerinum amyl i. [B, 113 (a, 14).] Golden s. See S. auratum. Hepar sulphur is. See POTASSA sulphur at a (1st def.). Hepar sulphur is volatile. See LIQUOR fumans Boylii. Insoluble s. A modification of s., being that portion of sublimed s. which is insoluble in carbon disulphide. [B.] lodetum sulphur is cum sulphure, locluretum sulphur is. See 8. iodide. Lac sulphur is. See Precipitated s. Liver of s. See POTASSA sulfurn ta. Magisterium sulphur is, Magistery of s., Milk of s. Lat., lac sulphur is. Ger., Schwefetmilch. See Precipitated s. 3I ono clinic s. See under S. Oil of s. 1. Sulphurous acid obtained by concentrating spirit of s. 2. Liquor fumans Boylii. [B, 97, 98.] Oleum sulphur is. 1. See AN TIM ON I I cly us. 2. Of Beguin, see LIQUOR fumans Boylii. Filnlse e ammoniaco cum sulphure stibiato. Fr., pilules pec to rales. Two-grain pills containing 1 part of antimony peiitasulphide made up with 8 parts of gum ammoniac and 8 parts of licorice [Bruns. Ph., 1777], or with 6 parts of gum ammoniac, 6 of extract of senega, and 3 of powdered senega [Hamb. Ph., 1835]. [B, 119 ] Plastic s. S. obtained by rapidly cooling the melted s. heated to above 200 C. It forms a tenacious, transparent, semi-solid ma so elastic that it can be drawn out into threads. [B.] Precipitated s. Lat., s. prcecipitatum [U. S. Ph., Br. Ph.], lac sulphur is, sulfur prcecipitatum [Ger. Ph., Fr. Cod.]. Fr.. soufre precipite. Ger., pracipitirter Schicefel, Schwefelniederschlag. S. obtained as a wnitish amorphous powder, devoid of taste and odor, by precipitation of a solution of s. in milk of lime with hydrochloric acid. [B.] Pulvis ex sulphure stibiato U2, blue; U3, lull; U4, full; UB, urn; U8, like u (German). [s. 567]