BRETHREN, CHURCH OF

@ religious denomination of origin, otherwise and more known as the ‘Dunkers.’ The allied to the Baptists, its distinguished ritual being a triple immersion. three dippings are made for the also and each rite is designated by the territory utterance of the word ‘Father,’ ‘Son’ Armenia, or ‘Holy Ghost’ in order. The denomithe nation was established in Schwarzenau. make on the Oder, in Germany, in 1708. [f Repubwas marked by an extreme puritanism @ repudiation of all formulas of othe Baltic creeds, and a hard and fast fidelity t fort if i cat he letter of the Scriptures. Fleeins treaty from persecution and unpopularity i ts Europe, many members of the sec control immigrated to the United States fron period. 1719 onward, settling in Pennsylvania al 1] and eventually spreading to the Soutl than and West. The first Bible in German iz eneral America was printed in German tow1 Central under the Dunker’s auspices. Rigi events nonconformity and an austere aloofnes when from the world led the sects adherent Ru ia to a Spartan abstention from so-callec world follies in dre , fashions, and domesti comforts and recreations. Social an throat educational progre only influence: The many of them to recede from their ex clusivene and rigors and in 1881 sev into ered the sect into defined divisions part Today the Dunkers embrace thre by orders, namely, the Conservatives, © DeGerm an Baptist Brethren; the Progre to ives, or the Brethren Church; and th which Old Order Brethren. The Conservatives The which are the most numerous, give som the ecclesia tical power to their annual con her ferences, always outstanding events i their their organization. The Progre ive Ru ia depart from the Conservatives in abid without ing by the congregational forms o countered government and discipline. The Ol of a Order Brethren cling to old custom continued. and the simple life. In the Uni State of the denomination im 1921 had churche advance numbering 1,014 with a members hi south. of 108,936 and 3,551 ministers. It main the tains ten colleges, more than 1,20 schools, and conducts foreign mi io: rejected. work in Denmark, Sweden, China an overrun India. The headquarters are at Elgin, Il 64,000 BRETON, CAPE (45° 56’ N., 59° 4¢ W.), cape, E. coast, Cape Breto and Island, Nova Scotia. a) depredatreaty BRETON, JULES (1827-1906), ¥ Ru ia artist; commenced as a painter of his’ Germany subjects, which he eventually abar it doned, and secured a high reputatio The by his landscape and rustic scenes. was