marshtit (marshtit)

A European titmouse, Parus palustris, closely resembing the coal-tit. marsh-trefoil (märsh' trē " foil), n. See bog bean and Menyanthes. marsh-watercre (märsh' water-kres), n. Same as marsh - cre . marshwort (märshʼwėrt), n. 1. The cranberry, Vaccinium Oхусоссиз.-2. The umbelliferous plant Helosciadium ( Sium ) nodiflorum. [Eng.] Dryden, tr. of Ovid's Meta morph., i. Feed With delicates of leaves and marshy weed. Dryden, tr. of Virgil's Georgics, iii. 277. ( Latham .) In snipes the colours are modified so as to be equally in harmony with the prevalent forms and colours of marshy vegetation. A. R. Wallace , Nat. Select., p. 53. Marsian (mär'si-an), a. [ Marsi (see Marsic ) + -an .] Same as Marsic . The ruins of the old Marsian city of Alba. C. C. Perkins, Italian Sculpture, p. 21. Marsic (mär's ik), a . [L. Marsicus , Marsi (see def.).] Of or pertaining to the Marsi, a Sabine people of ancient Italy, living in the A pennines around Lake Fucinus: as, the Marsic or Social War (a contest against Rome, 90-88 в. C., of confederated tribes under the lead of the Marsi). Marsilea (mär-sil'e-ä), n. [NL. n . [NL. (Linnæus, 1767), named after Aloysius Marsili , an early Italian naturalist.] A genus of aquatic or subaquatic Marsilea quadrifolia. ま IMG:content-0270.png:[graphic] a, the sporocarp or conceptacle; b, a sporocarp with valves opened and emitting the mucilaginous cord, which bears the sori. cryptogamous plants, typical of the order Mar sileacea. They have wide-creeping rootstocks, and leaves produced singly or in tufts from nodes of the rootstock, each consisting of a petiole and four se ile, equally spreading, deltoid-cuneate or oblanceolate leaflets with flabellate anastomosing veins. The conceptacles or sporocarps are ovoid or bean-shaped and two-valved, and emit a mucilaginous cord upon which are borne numerous oblong-cylindrical sori, each sorus containing numerous microsporangia and few macrosporangia. The genus is widely distributed, and embraces 40 species, of which 4 are North American. M. Drummondii is the Australian nardoo. Sometimes written Marsilia. Skeleton of Head and Pouch-like Gills of Lamprey ( Petromyzon ), a marsipobranch. the young; the marsupials or pouched animals. There being no developed placenta, the period of gest a- tion is very brief, and the young are born extremely small, imperfect, and quite helple . In this state they are ine mediately transferred to pouch on the belly of the mother, where are the teats, to which the little creatures adhere firmly for a while, completing their development by sucking milk. As they grow larger and stronger, they are able to let go and take hold of the teat again; and even after leaving the pouch they may for a while retreat to it, or be carried about elsewhere on the mother's body. (See cut under marmose.) The uterus is double, and the va- gin a also is more or le completely divided into two separate pa ages (whence the Didelphia ); the scro- tum of the male is abdominal in position, and pendu- lous, in front of the penis. The corpus callosum is ru- dimentary, but the cerebral hemispheres are connected by a well-developed anterior commi ure. The angle the is normally inflected. There is a range of adaptive modification in the structural details of the marsupials, the order in itself including represen- tatives or analogues of nearly all the other orders of mam- mals, as the carnivorous, the insectivorous, the herbivo- rous, etc. At the present time the marsupials are emi- nently characteristic of the Australian region, only the Didelphyidæ or opo ums being found in America; but in former epochs the distribution of the marsupial is into five tribes, Sarcophaga , Entomophaga , Carpophaga , Poëphaga , and Rhizophaga . A main division, based on the 1872 Gill made the four suborders Rhizophaga , Syndactyl i , Dasyuromorpha , and Didelphimorpha , with nine families, Phascolomyide , Macropod ide , Tarsipedidæ , Phalangist i dæ, Phascolarctidæ, Peramelidæ , Dasyuride , Myrmecobi idæ , and Didelphyidæ , for the living forms, and four fo il families, Diprotodontidæ , Thy lac ole on tide , Plagiaulacidæ , and Dromatheriida . Also called Mars up i at a . marsupialian (mär-sū-pi-a'li-an), a. and n. [ marsupial + -ian .] Same as marsupial . marsupian (mär-sūʻpi-an), a. and n. Same as marsupial . marsupia, n. Plural of mar- supium . marsupial (mär-sup i-al), a . and n. [NL. marsupial is , marsupium , a pouch: see marsupium .] I. a. 1. Having the character of a bag, pouch, or marsupium; marsupiate.- 2. Of or pertaining to a mar- supium: as, marsupial bones. -3. Provided with a marsu-it, ilium; 1, pubis; pium; specifically, pertaining pl. of mars up i at us , pouched: see marsupiate .] Same as Marsupial i a . marsupiate (mär-sup i-āt), a. and n. [NL. -3. In zoöl . , a purse or pouch-like receptacle for the eggs or young, more external than any ✓ of the proper organs of gestation; a brood- pouch of any kind. (a) In mammal ., the duplica- tion of the skin of the abdomen of Marsupial i a , forming a pouch in which the mammary glands open, and into which the imperfectly developed young are transferred at birth, to be nourished until they are able to move about. (b) In ornith .: (1) A temporary fold of the skin of the belly of a penguin, in which the egg may be contained for a time. (2) The pecten or bourse, a vascular erectile organ in the eye of a bird, formed of pectinated folds of the choroid coat lying in the vitreous humor, and extending a variable distance toward or to the crystalline lens: supposed by some to effect or a ist in the accommodation of the eye. (c) In ichth .: (1) A receptacle in which the pipe-fishes and sea-horses carry their young: it is developed in the male. (2) The pouch-like arrangement of the gills of a marsipo- branchiate fish, as a hag or lamprey. (d) In Crustacea , a receptacle for the eggs, formed by the bases of some of the legs of certain crustaceans, as the opo um-shrimps or Myside . 4. In an at., the alar ligaments (which see, under alar ). IMG:content-0271.png:[merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small] As in a Romish stew. Shak . , Cymbeline, i. 6. 151. trans. To make market for; trade in; IMG:content-0272.png:[blocks in formation] Never was man so palpably abused: My son so basely marted , and myself Am made the subject of your mirth and scorn. Mart2+ (märt), n. [ME. Mart , Mart , Mars ( Mart- ), Mars: see Mars .] 1. Same as Mars, 1. Chaucer; Spenser . Hence-2. [l. c.] War; warfare; battle; contest. [Rare.] My father (on whose face he durst not look In equal mart ), by his fraud circumvented, Became his captive. And their workes, let him reade Buxdorsius and his Bibliotheca Rabbinic a, printed this last Mart. Purchas , Pilgrimage, p. 177. 2. A cow or ox fattened to be killed (usually about Martin mas) and salted or smoked for winter provision. [North. Eng. and Scotch.] IMG:content-0273.png:[blocks in formation] A long-handled weapon used by foot-soldiers, especially in the defense of fortified walls and in action against mount- ed men-at-arms. The plommé was a common form of it. (b) A short- handled weapon, used with only one hand by mounted men. It was common to furnish it with one blunt or den- tated face and with a sharp point or beak on the opposite side of the handle, but in some cases both sides were pointed. The short-handled ham- mers were frequently made of metal through- out. Also called horse- marteline (mär'te- lin), n. [F., dim. of IMG:content-0274.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0275.jpg:[blocks in formation] Bacon, Holy War. The Laws themselves, civil as well as martial , were pub- Howell, Letters, ii. 58. Now martial law commands us to forbear. Pope , Iliad, vii. 352. 4. [ cap .] Pertaining to or resembling the planet Mars. The natures of the fixed stars are... esteemed martial or jovial according to the colors whereby they answer these planets. Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., vi. 14. We can actually see his [Mars's] polar snows accumulate during the Martial winter and melt away at the approach of the Martial summer. J. Fiske , Cosmic Philos., I. 382. IMG:content-0276.jpg:[blocks in formation] Ethiops martialt. See ethiops . - Martial law, law imposed by the military power; that military rule or au- thority which exists in time of war, and is conferred by the laws of war, in relation to persons and things under and within the scope of active military operations, and which ex- tinguishes or suspends, for the time being, civil rights and the remedies founded upon them, so far as this may be nece ary in order to the full accomplishment of the pur- pose of the war. The person who exercises martial law is, however, liable in an action for any abuse of the authority thus conferred. It is the application of military govern- ment-the government of force - to persons and property within its scope, according to the laws and usages of war, to the exclusion of municipal government in all respects where the latter would impair the efficiency of military law or military action. Benét . See military law , under military . -Martial music, music for military purposes, or of a similar kind; music characterized by spirit, impetuosity, heavy duple rhythm, sonority, and brilliance. - Martial saltst, an old name of salts of iron. =Syn. 2 and 3. Mar- tial , Warlike, Military . The opposite of martial is civil , of warlike is peaceful , of military is civil or naval . Warlike applies most to the spirit or ingrained habits, as the war- like tribes of the north, but it also applies to that which is like war or naturally goes with war: as, warlike prepara- tions; warlike rumors. Martial applies to that which is connected with war in a general way, or with war as active, and especially as appealing to the eye or the ear: as, mar- tial music, din, pomp, appearance, array. Military applies more closely to things connected with the actual putting of soldiers into service: thus, a court martial is of military officers, and may therefore be called a military court; it applies martial law; its members appear in full military dre . II. n. A soldier, or military man. The Queen of martials And Mars himself conducted them. Chapman , Iliad, xviii. 469. Others strive Like sturdy Martials far away to drive The drowsy Droanes that harbour in the hive. Fuller , David's Sinne, st. 36. (Davies.) martialism (mär's hal-izm), n. [ martial + -ism.] The character of being martial; war- like spirit or propensity; military character. IMG:content-0277.jpg:[graphic] IMG:content-0278.jpg:[graphic] Asia, and America, is oftener known as the bank - swallow . (See Cotile , and cut under bank - swallow .) Purple martins are the several American species of the genus Progne, one of which, P. sub is or purpure a , is an abundant and familiar bird of the United States; it is one of the largest of the swallow family, and the adult male is entirely of a glo y blue-black color. (See cut under Progne .) A few birds not of this family are sometimes called martins, as the king-bird or tyrant flycatcher of North America, Ty- (See cut under king bird .) Kingfishers are sometimes rannus carol in ens is , popularly known as the bee -martin. called by their French name, martin - pêcheur . Also called martinet. 2t. An ape. Encyc. Dict. IMG:content-0279.png:[blocks in formation] And shew'd to them such martiale sport With his long bow and arrow, With glittering firelocks on the village green In proud array a martial band is seen. The exquisite portraiture of a perfect martialist , con- sisting in three principall pointes: wisedome to governe, fortitude to per four me, liberal i tie to in courage. Greene, Euphues to Philantus (1587). One Cosroes, of the enemies' part, held up his finger to me, which is as much with us martialists as "I will fight with you." Beau, and Fl . , King and No King, ii. 1. martialize (märʻshal-iz), v. t .; pret. and pp. martial i zed, ppr. martial i zing . [ Imp . Dict. martially (mär's hal-i), adv . In a martial man- ner. martial-mant, n. A martialist; a soldier. Martial -men were never more plentiful than in this King's [Edward III.'s] Reign. Baker , Chronicles, p. 133. martialne (mär's hal-nes), n. The quality of being martial or warlike. Martian (mär's han), a . [ Marcian , Martian us (as a personal name), Martius , of Mars, Mars ( Mart- ) , Mars: see Mars .] 1. Of or pertaining to the god Mars or to war; warlike. The judges, which thereto selected were, Into the Martian field adowne descended To dee me this dout full case, for which they all contended. Spenser, F. Q., IV. v. 6. 2. Of or pertaining to the planet Mars; Mar- tial. The rate of retardation of the Martian rotation by solar Smithsonian Report , 1881, p. 203. tidal friction. Perhaps even indications derived as to the nature of the mysterious Martian canals. Edinburgh Rev., CXLV. 26. martin1t, n . An obsolete spelling of marten1 . cat-o'-nine-tails, tilt-hammer, etc., variously ap- e., various plied, but not found as in def.; perhaps a par- ticular use of the personal name Martinet (ef. martinet1 ), but cf. OF. martelet , dim. of martel , OF. mart a hammer: see martel .] Naut ., the name for- merly given to a small line fastened to the leech of a sail to bring it close to the yard when the sail is furled. Also martnet . martinet3+ (mär'ti-net), n. [ martinett , martinet (ML. martinet us ), "a water-mill for an iron forge" (Cotgrave), or a forge-ham- mer driven by water-power; -power; cf. martinet1 , mar- tinet, etc.] 1. Some kind of water-mill. Cath. Anglicum , p. 229.-2. A military engine of the middle ages. IMG:content-0280.jpg:[blocks in formation] But, like the martlet , Builds in the weather on the outward wall. martingale, martingal (mär'ting-gāl, -gal), n. [ F.martingale , a martingale (def. 1), a particu- lar use of martingale ( chau es à la martingale )(= a Shak . , M. of V., ii. 9. 28. Sp. It. martingal a ), a kind of breeches (cf. OF. martlet2 (märt'let), n. [Appar. for marlet , OF. merlette , also merlotte , a martlet, in heral martengalle , a kind of dance common in Prov- ence), Martigal , an inhabitant of Martigues, merlette .] In her., a bird represented Martigues, a place in Provence.] 1. In a horse's harne , a strap pa ing between the fore legs, fastened at one end to the girth under the belly, and at the other to the bit or the musrol, or forked and ending in two rings through which the reins are pa ed, intended to hold down the head of the horse. See cut under harne 2. What a hunting head she carries! sure she has been rid. den with a martingale. Beau, and Fl., Scornful Lady, ii. 1. 2. Naut., a short perpendicular spar under the bowsprit-end, used for guying down the headstays. Also called dolphin - striker. See cut under dolphin -striker.-3. A mode of play in such games as rouge et noir which consists in staking double the amount of money lost. The American Hoyle. You have not played as yet? Do not do so; above all, avoid a martingale if you do. Play ought not to be an affair of calculation, but of inspiration. Thackeray, New comes, xxviii. The fallacy of those who devise sure methods of defeating the bank ( martingales , as they are termed) lies in the fact that they neglect to consider that the fortune of any one gambler, compared to that of the bank, is small. Science, X. 44. Martingale back ropes, small chains or ropes extending from the lower end of the martingale to the ship's bows on either side: same as gob-lines. - Martingale stays or guys, small chains or wire ropes extending from the outer ends of the jib-boom and flying-jib boom to the lower end of the martingale. Martini-Henry rifle. See rifle.