cial relations between Turkey and Dalmatia, Croatia

a. To enclose in the bosom; to cherish with care, and S. Germany, and has considerable trade with the cities of Saloniki and Yanina. The most wealthy families in Bosnia reside in this city; two-thirds of the pop. are said to be Turks, but the Jews monopolize the chief trade. Pop. (1890) 27,000. Bos'nia, or Bas'na, in former times a pashalic or eyalet of Turkey in Europe, but occupied in 1878 and now administered by Austria. It lies between Lat. 42° 30 and 45° 15′ N., and Lon. 15° 40 and 21° 2' E., having N.W. and N. the Austrian prov. of Croatia and Slavonia, E. Servia, and S. and W. Albania and Austrian Dalmatia, the latter separating it from the Adriatic. It is now virtually annexed to the Austrian Empire. Area, 24,247. Pop . 1,212,172. B is almost entirely occupied by the Dinaric and Julian Alps, which, with their offsets, separate it into several well-marked divisions. Principal river , the Save, forming the N. boundary of B. , with its affluents the Unna, which in part separates Turkish from Austrian Croatia, - Verbaz, Drin, and Ibar forming its E. boundaries. The Bosna traverses B. Proper, the Sanna, Croatia, and the Narenta Herzegovina. It has numerous fertile valleys, but no lakes of importance, and only one plain of any size, that of Livno in Herzegovina. This country is supposed to be rich in minerals, but only the iron-mines, and a few lead-mines, are worked. Gold and silver exist in various places, and mines of the first of these metals were worked under the Romans; most of the large affluents of the Save bring down gold-dust. Quick-silver is also found, and there are quarries of millstone, freestone, alabaster, and marble, coal-mines, and numerous mineral springs, some of which furnish salt, though not in sufficient quantity for the supply of the country. The climate is generally cold, but not unhealthy; the winter-snows lie on the ground for a long time, and the spring is short. In the S., violent winds prevail in winter, and the summer is extremely hot The mountain chains, especially in the N., are covered with dense forests of pine, oak, beech, linden, chestnut, .; but the S. branches of the Dinaric Alps present a remarkable deficiency of vegetation. The greatest elevations are the Kam, 8,500 ft., and the Dorm it or, 7,980 ft. high. The " Bosom up my counsel, You'll find it wholesome." - Shake. -To conceal in privacy; to hide from view. "To happy convents, bosom'd deep in vines, Where slumber abbots, purple as their wines."-Pope. Bosphorian, a. Relating, or pertaining, to the Bosphorus. Bos'phorus (more properly Bos'por us) OF THRACE (or CHANNEL OF CONSTANTINOPLE), the strait which connects the Black Sea with the Sea of Marmora, and separates the E. corner of Thrace from Asia-Minor. The length of this remarkable channel is about 17 m., its width varying from 1⁄2 m. to 2 m.; its course is slightly winding; its direction very little W. of S., and its embouchure in the Sea of Marmora is in 41° N. Lat., 29° E. Lon.-A current sets constantly from the Black Sea through the B. , but, though generally very strong, it is subject to considerable modifications; a long-continued wind from the S.W. renders it sometimes almost imperceptible, while on the other hand, a breeze from the N.E. so adds to its force that it is almost impo ible for a ve el, under such circumstances, to make head against it. The inequalities of the coast cause several changes of direction in the set, as the water is thrown from side to side by the numerous bold promontories that project from both shores; but these do not affect the general course, except by making it more tortuous; that course tending constantly towards the S. and the Sea of Marmora. The depth of water is considerable; there is but one bank in the channel; consequently there is no danger in its navigation, nor any difficulty except in an upward pa age against its current; this is, however, sufficiently baffling to the unskilled Orientals. At its N. mouth, on the Black Sea, are two groups of islets, one on the European, the other on the Asiatic shore; these are the famous Cyanean Isles or Symplegades of the ancients, which it was once believed no ve el ever pa ed in safety, except by miracle. ( Apoll . Rhod . ii. v. 435, .) They are now quite harmle , being, in fact, nothing but low continuations of the respective shores; they are in a continual state of decay, and might easily be overlooked, did not their ancient celebrity induc IMG:content-0700.png:[graphic] IMG:content-0701.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0702.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0703.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0704.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0705.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0706.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0707.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0708.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0709.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0710.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0711.jpg:[graphic] 19 M SENE TONEIDA HARRE IMG:content-0712.png:[ocr errors] FO IMG:content-0713.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0714.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0715.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0716.png:[ocr errors] To have the mastery over; to superintend labor; as, to bo the workshop.