draughty (as drafty)

[Eng. draught; -y.] I. Lit.: Full of or exposed to draughts. *II. Figuratively: 1. Fit for a draught-house or jakes; filthy, vile. "The filth that falleth from so many draughty inventions as daily swarme in our printing-houses."-Return from Parna us (1606). 2. Designing; capable of laying artful schemes. "Everybody said that, but for the devices of auld draughty Keelivin, he would hae been proven as mad as a March hare." -The Entail , ii. 121. 3. Artful, crafty: applied to the scheme itself, or to discourse. "'I'll be plain wi' you,' said my grandfather to this draughty speech."- R . Gilhaize , i. 162. sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = f drauk *drauk, *drawk, *drawke, *drauc, 8. [Ger. dravig, dravich , Darnel. " Drauke , wede. Drauca ."- Prompt . Parv. drāve, pret. of v. [DRIVE, v.] Drove. "A dozen o' gillies as rough and rugged as the beasts they drave."-Scott: Rob Roy , ch. xxvi. *drav-el, drab-el-yn, v . t . [DRABBLE.] To be drabble; to make dirty or filthy. "Right as a draveled lowt." Poem on Times of Edward II . , p. 25. Dra-vid-I-an, a. [From Dravid (a); Eng. adj. suff. -ian .] Of or pertaining to Dravida, or Dravira, the old name of a province of India. The Dravidian languages include Tamil, Telugu, Canarese, and Malabar. "It was, I think, in 1865 that I first saw Dr. Caldwell's grammar of the Dravidian languages, and it immediately occurred to me that a similar book was much wanted for the Aryan group." -Beames: Comp. Gram. of the Aryan Lang. of India, vol. i. (1872), Pref. viii. draw, *dra-ghen, *drawe, *drai-en, *drey (pa. ten. * drogh , droh , drou , #drow , * drowe , drough, drew, *drewe), v. t. & i. [A variant of drag (q. v.).] A. Transitive : I. Ordinary Language: 1. Literally: (1) To drag, pull, or haul after one by force or power exerted in the front of the person or thing dragged. (2) To pluck or pull out; as, to draw a sword, to draw a tooth. "Who wears a sword he must not draw." Scott : Rokeby, v. 14. (3) To remove or pull, not nece arily with force. "Mi ring of finger thou drawe." Tristram, iii. 73. (4) To pull, haul, or cause to come by compulsion; to force to go. "Do not rich men oppre you, and draw you before the judgment seats?" -James ii. 6. (5) To drag or pull out from fastenings. "They drew out the staves of the ark."-2 Chron. v. 9. (6) To take off the spit. "The rest They cut in legs and fillets for the feast, Which drawn and served, their hunger they appease." Dryden: Hormer's Iliad , i. (7) To raise or lift as from a deep place; as, to draw water from a well. "They drew up Jeremiah with cords, and took him up out of the dungeon." -Jer. xxxviii. 13. (8) To give vent to or utter slowly; as, to draw a deep sigh. (9) To inhale, to take into the lungs. "A simple child That lightly draws its breath, And feels its life in every limb, What should it know of death?" Words worth: We are Seven. (10) To bring out from a receptacle; to cause to run from a cask, . (11) To allow or cause any liquid to run. "I opened the tumor by the point of a lancet, without drawing one drop of blood." - Wiseman: Surgery. (12) To take out of an oven. "The joiner puts boards into ovens after the batch is drawn."-Mortimer: Husbandry. (13) To cause to slide; to pull more closely together or apart. "Philoclea intreated Pamela to open her grief: who, drawing the curtain, that the candle might not complain of her blushing, was ready to speak."-Sidney: Arcadia. (14) To extract. "Spirits, by distillations, may be drawn out of vege. table juices, which shall flame and fume of themselves." -Cheyne. (15) To attract; to cause to move or turn toward itself. "We see that salt, laid to a cut finger, healeth it: so as it seemeth salt draweth blood, as well as blood draweth salt."- Bacon . (16) To suck. "Sucking and drawing the breast dischargeth the milk as fast as it can be generated." - Wiseman: On Tumors. (17) To eviscerate; to take the bowel or entrails from; to disembowel. "In private draw your poultry, clean your tripe." King: Art of Cookery, 246. (18) To protract, to extend, to lengthen; as, to draw wire. "How much her grace is alter'd on the sudden! How long her face is drawn ." Shakesp.: Henry VIII ., iv. 2. (19) To form, mark, or construct between two points; as, to draw a line. 1534 (20) To represent by lines drawn on any surface; to delineate, to picture. "Which the conceited painter drew so proud, As heaven, it seemed, to ki the turrets bowed." Shakesp. Rape of Lucrece , 1,371, 1,372. (21) To move gradually, to extend. "In proce of time, and as their people increased, they drew themselves more westerly toward the Red Sea." Raleigh . (22) To take out of a box or wheel; as, to draw tickets in a lottery. *(23) To tear limb from limb. "With wylde hors he schal be drawe ." 2. Figuratively : Richard Cœur de Lion , 4,932. (1) To attract, to cause to turn toward itself. "He affected a habit different from that of the times, such as men had only beheld in pictures, which drew the eyes of most, and the reverence of many, toward him."Clarendon. (2) To entice, to allure, to attract. "Having the art, by empty promises and threats, to draw others to his purpose." - Hayward . (3) To attract, to cause to follow one. "The poet Did feign that Orpheus drew trees, stones, and floods; Since nought so stockish, hard, and full of rage, But music, for the time, doth change his nature." Shakesp.: Merchant of Venice, v. 1. *(4) To persuade, to induce. "The English lords did ally themselves with the Irish, and drew them in to dwell among them, and gave their children to be fostered by them." -Davies. *(5) To win, to gain. "This seems a fair deserving, and must draw me That which my father loses." Shakesp.: Lear , iii. 8. (6) To bring on or procure as a result; to cause. "When he finds the hardship of slavery outweigh the value of life, 'tis in his power, by resisting his master, to draw on himself death."- Locke . *(7) To protract, to extend, to spin out. "In some similes, men draw their comparisons into minute particulars of no importance." - Felton . On the Cla ics. draw (21) To bend; as, to draw a bow. *(22) To withdraw from judicial notice. "Go, wash thy face, and draw the action. Come, thou must not be in this humor with me." -Shakesp .: Henry IV ., Pt . II ., ii. 1. (23) To select, fix upon, or determine by lot. *(24) To select, or pick out. " Abgrego : to sever or take out of the flocke, to draw shepe." Eliote: Dictionarie (1659). (25) To leave undecided; as, The match was drawn . *(26) To take, to translate. "Ut of latin this song is dragen on Engleris spec he." Genesis and Exodus, 13. *(27) To bring back, to recall. "Who so draweth into memoire What hath befelle." *(28) To suffer, to go through. IMG:content-0487.png:[blocks in formation] (1) To trace the steps of the game. (2) To search, as a covert, for a fox, hare, . "Hounds had scarcely drawn half the dense undergrowth of Tidsley Wood."-Field. (3) To force to leave its cover or hole; as, to draw a badger. "No more truth in thee than in a drawn fox."- Shakesp .: Henry IV ., Pt . I. , iii. 3. 2. Naut.: To sink into the water to a certain depth; to require a certain depth of water in which to float. 3. Med.: To collect the matter of an ulcer or absce ; to cause to suppurate; to bring to maturation and discharge. 4. Coursing: To strike a dog out of a match or course; to withdraw. "Sut and Earl of Clyde had a short undecided run, when an arrangement was made to draw the last-named. who had been hard run."- Field . 5. Cricket : To play a ball so that it pa es between (8) To derive, to receive, to adopt. "Several wits entered into commerce with the Egyp. long stop and long-leg. tians, and from them drew the rudiments of sciences." Temple . statesmen."-Temple. *(10) To imply; to produce as a consequential inference. "What shows the force of the inference but a view of all the intermediate ideas that draw in the conclusion, or proposition inferred?"- Locke . *(11) To receive, to take up. "If every ducat in six you sand ducats Were in six parts, and every part a ducat, I would not draw them, I would have my bond." Shakesp.: Merchant of Venice, iv. 1. (12) To take out, to withdraw; as, to draw money from a bank. *(13) To bear, to produce; as, A bond draws inter IMG:content-0488.png:[blocks in formation] "So sad an object, and so well expre ed, Drew sighs and groans from the grieved hero's breast." Dryden: Virgil's Æneid , i. 680, 681. *(16) To wrest, to twist; to distort. "I wish that both you and others would cease from drawing the scriptures to your fantasies and affections." -Whitgift. (17) To compose; to form or set down in writing. "Garrick was a worshipper himself: He drew the liturgy, and framed the rites And solemn ceremonial of the day." Cowper: Task, vi. 678-80. (18) To write out, fill up, or prepare formally in writing. "He had, in the very presence chamber, positively refused to draw warrants in contravention of Acts of Parliament."- Macaulay : Hist . Eng ., ch. xv. (19) To depict in words; to describe, to represent. "Homer has been proved before, in a long paragraph of the preface, to have excelled in drawing characters and painting manners." -Pope: Homer's Ody ey (Post script). (20) To win or gain in a lottery. "He has drawn a black, and smiles."-Dryden: Don Sebastian , i. 1. B. Intransitive: I. Ordinary Language: 1. Literally: (1) To pull, drag, or haul; as, a wagon, cart, .; to perform the office of a beast of draught. "That city shall take an heifer, which hath not been wrought with, and which hath not drawn in the yoke." Deut . xxi. 3. (2) To be capable or susceptible of traction or hauling; as, A cart draws easily. (3) To unsheathe a sword. "Cheyney fastened a quarrel on Wharton. They drew." -Macaulay : Hist . Eng ., ch. xxv. (4) To move, to approach, to turn and advance toward a place or person. (5) To collect or come together; to be collected. "The English who remained began, in almost every county, to draw close together." - Macaulay : Hist. Eng., ch. xii. (6) To take a card out of a pack; to draw a ticket in a lottery. *(7) To bend; to draw a bow. "Look ye, draw home enough."-Shakespeare: Titus Andronicus, iv. 3. (8) To practice the art of delineation; to produce pictures or representations by means of lines. "So much insight into perspective, and skill in draw ing , as will enable him to represent tolerably on paper anything he sees, should be got."-Locke. (9) To raise water from a well, . "Both drink thou, and I will also draw for thy camels." -Gen. xxiv. 44. *(10) To withdraw, to move. (11) To extract liquid from a cask, . (12) To be drawn out in spinning. *(13) To filter, to ooze. IMG:content-0489.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0490.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0491.png:[blocks in formation] "Greater hulks draw deep." Shakesp.: Troilus and Cre ida , ii. 3. Crabb thus discriminates between to draw , to pull, to haul, to drag , to pluck , and to tug: "Draw expre es here the idea common to the first three terms, namely, of putting a body in motion from behind one's self or toward one's self; to drag is to draw a thing with violence, or to draw that which makes resistance; to haul is to drag it with still greater violence. We draw a cart; we drag a body along the ground; or haul a ve el to the shore. To pull signifies only an effort to draw without the idea of motion: horses pull very long sometimes before they can draw a heavily-laden cart up hill. To pluck is to pull with a sudden twitch, in order to separate; thus, feathers are plucked from animals. To tug is to pull with violence; thus, men tug at the oar. In the moral application we may be drawn by anything which can act on the mind to bring us nearer to an object; we are dragged only by means of force; we pull a thing toward us by a direct effort. To haul , pluck, and tug are seldom used but in the physical application. (Crabb: Eng. Synon.) In special phrases: 1. To draw away : Gradually to get in front, so as to leave others behind. "The first-named pair then drew away , and won by two lengths."-London Daily Telegraph. IMG:content-0492.png:[blocks in formation] "It draws men's minds of from the bitterne of party."- Add is on . (2) In trans.: To retire, to retreat, to give way. (Lit. & fig .) "When the engagement proves unlucky, the way is to draw of by degrees, and not to come to an open rupture." - Collier . 6. To draw on. (1) Transitive: (a) Lit .: To put on by means of pulling; as, He drew on his boots. ( b ) Figuratively : (i) To cause, to bring on by degrees, to involve. "The examination of the subtile matter would draw on the consideration of the nice controversies that perplex philosophers."- Boyle : On Fluids. (ii) To allure, to entice, to induce to follow by persuasion. "Some thought that Philip did but trifle with her, Some that she but held off to draw him on." Tennyson: Enoch Arden, 471, 472. (iii) To occasion, to invite. "Under color of war, which either his negligence draws on , or his practices procured, he levied a subsidy."-Hayward. IMG:content-0493.png:[blocks in formation] (iii) To detach or separate from the main body; to select. "Next, of his men and ships he makes review, Draws out the best and ablest of the crew." Dryden: Virgil's Æneid , vii. 724, 725. (iv) To extract or draw off; as, liquor from a cask. (v) To extract as by distillation. (b) Figuratively: (i) To protract, to lengthen. "He must not only die the death, But thy unkindne shall his death draw out To ling'ring sufferance." (ii) To spin out. Shakesp.: Measure for Measure , ii. 4. "Virgil has drawn out the best rules of tillage and planting into two books, which Hesiod has despatched in half a one."- Add is on . (iii) To extract, to pump out or elicit by question, . "Philoclea found her, and, to draw out more, said she, I have often wondered how such excellencies could be."Sidney. (iv) To induce, to extract, to cause to be uttered. "Whereas it is concluded, that the retaining divers things in the Church of England, which other reformed churches have cast out, must needs argue that we do not well, unle we can show that they have done ill. What needed this wrest to draw out from us an accusation of foreign churches?"-Hooker. (2) In trans.: To become longer; as, The days begin to draw out . 9. To draw together : To collect or come together or closer. 10. To draw up: (1) Transitive: (c) To compose. "A paper may be drawn up and signed by two or three hundred principal gentlemen." -Swift . (2) Intransitive : (a) To be lifted or raised; to rise; as, The curtain drew up. (b) To form in regular order or line. "The lord Bernard, with the king's troops, seeing there was no enemy left on that side, drew up in a large field opposite to the bridge."-Clarendon. (c) To come to a stop or stand; to pull up; as, The carriage drew up at his door. 11. To draw up with: (1) To enter into a state of familiar intercourse, or of intimacy: used in a general sense. (2) To be in a state of courtship. "The poor man gets aye a poor marriage, and when I had naething I was fain to draw up wi you."-Sir A. Wylie , iii. 152. 12. To draw to a head: (1) Lit. & Med .: To begin to suppurate; to ripen. "Aboutir: Τo wax ripe, or draw to a head , as an impostume, also to end."- Cotgrave . (2) Fig .: To approach a state of ripene or readine . "Now his majesty begins to waken, and is fast drawing to an head."- Spalding , ii. 29. *13. To draw one's pa : To give over, to give up. *14. To draw dry- foot : According to Dr. Johnson, to trace the marks of the dry-foot without the scent. "A hound that runs counter, and yet draws dry-foot well."-Shakesp.: Comedy of Errors, iv. 2. *15. To draw a book : To draw up a bill or lawyer's brief. "He entreated Mr. Doctor, her husband, that hee would draw a booke, to intimate to the judge his reasons, and hee would be very thank full to him."-Pa enger of Benvenuto (1612). 16. To draw the long bow : To tell incredible stories. 17. To draw cut : To draw lots. [CUT, 8.] 18. To draw level : To get level with, to come up to, to overtake. "Hari Kari gradually drew level , and was over a length in front."-Field. 19. To draw a person out: To entice him to speak on any matter. (Generally with an idea of ridiculing him.) *20. To draw to the gallows: Law : One of the barbarous arrangements formerly carried out when the extreme penalty of the law was to be inflicted on one convicted of high treason. Originally the culprit was dragged along the ground or pavement. Then, humanity beginning to a ert its influence, the authorities connived at his being brought along on a sledge or hurdle. This more humane practice became the general custom, and at last the law. ( Black stone .) IMG:content-0494.png:[blocks in formation] (a) To raise or lift up from a depth. (b) To range in line; to form troops in regular enlarge the pin-holes which are to secure a mortise order. IMG:content-0495.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0496.png:[blocks in formation] span is removable from the opening to allow masted ve els to pa , or to prevent cro ing. Draw-bridges were in med iæval times used to span the fo e or moat, the movable part being made to rise vertically, so as to present a twofold obstacle to any enemy, Draw-bridge. a chasm and a strengthened barrier. In most modern draw-bridges the movable part is made to move horizontally. Draw-bridges are used in cro ing canals, rivers, and dock entrances, which aro occasionally traversed by masted ve els. They are also used in cro ing the ditches, fo es, and moats of fortifications. They are of four kinds: (1) The lifting-bridge is used in Holland upon the canals and in fortifications, in places where the roadway is near the level of the water. The bridge is lifted bodily and supported by a heavy framework, while the ve el pa es. [LIFTING-BRIDGE.] (2) The turning-bridge or swing-bridge moves on a vertical pivot, being sometimes in two sections which meet halfway acro the water-course. The portion on land is a counterpoise for that projecting over the water, and the bridge moves in arc-shaped tracks, resting on cannon-balls. [SWING-BRIDGE.] It is sometimes supported by a central post and swings 90°, opening two pa ages for ve els, one on each side. This is a pivot bridge. (3) The bascule bridge turns on a horizontal pivot, standing in a vertical position on the side of the water-way while the ve el pa es by. Specimens of the last two kinds with slight modifications are to be seen in Chicago over the Chicago river. The inner end of some bascule-bridges is in exce of the weight of the roadway, and descends into a pit built with hydraulic masonry. This pit is not material, perhaps, in fortifications, and is not desirable in ordinary road or dock work. When it is omitted the bridge is called a jack-knife bridge. [BASCULE BRIDGE.) (4) The rolling-bridge has been in troduced on some English railways. The bridge pa es laterally upon a carriage until it has pa ed the junction of the line of rails, and then rolls inward to leave the water-way clear. "There is not of that castle-gate, Its draw - bridge and portcullis weight, Stone, bar, moat, bridge, or barrier left." Byron: Mazeppa , x. draw-cut, s. An oblique motion of a knife, so as to move lengthwise acro an object as well as cutting into it.