Arcturus

in astronomy, a fixed star of the first magnitude, called also Alpha Bootis, It is one of the very brightest stars in the northern heayens, Ardahan, a village of about 300 houses, in the portion of Turkish Armenia, ceded in 1878 to_ Ru ia, 35 miles N. W. of Kars. Its position gives it strategic importance. Its fortre was dismantled by the Ru ians in the war of 1854-1856; in 1878 the Berlin Congre sanctioned the ce ion to Ru ia of Ardahan, which had been captured early in the war. On account of the severity of the climate, the houses of Ardahan are mainly constructed underground.