Krayova

See Krajova. cascades in the Austrian Alps, north of the Gro -Venediger. Total height, 1,300 feet. Krishna (krish'nä). ['The black.'] A Hindu deity. Originally the ethnic god of some powerful confederation of Rajput clans, by fusion with the Vishnu of the older theology Krishna becomes one of the chief divinities of Hinduism. He is indeed an avatar of Vishnu, or Vishnu himself. In his physical character mingle myths of fire, lightning, and storm, of heaven and the sun. In the epic he is a hero invincible in war and love, brave, but above all crafty. He was the son of Vasudeva and Devaki, and born at Mathura, on the Yamuna, between Delhi and Agra, among the Yadavas. Like that of many solar heroes, his birth was beset with peril. On the night when it took place, his parents had to remove him from the reach of his uncle, King Kansa, who sought his life because he had IMG:content-0583.png:[blocks in formation] Krishna. A river and district in India. See Kistna . IMG:content-0584.png:[blocks in formation] Riga, Ru ia, Nov. 11 (O. S.), 1764: died at Ka- Kubale (kö-bäʻle), or Bakubale (bä-kö-bäʻle). rasu-Bazar, Ru ia, Dec. 13 (O. S.), 1824. A Rus- A small Bantu tribe of southern Angola, West sian pietist and authore , friend of the czar Africa. They are herdsmen, and speak a dia- Alexander I. She published "Valérie, ou lettres de Gustave de Linar à Ernest de G." (1803), etc. Krug (krög), Wilhelm Traugott. Born at Ra- dis, near Gräfen hain i chen, Pru ia, June 22, 1770: died at Leipsic, Jan. 12, 1842. A German philosopher. He became profe or of philosophy at Philosophie" (1806-10), etc. Krüger (krüg'er), Franz. Born at Radegast, De au, Sept. 3, 1797: died at Berlin, Jan. 21, 1857. A German portrait and horse-painter, often called "Pferde (Horse) Krüger. Krüger (krö'ger), Stephanus Johannes Paul. Born at Rustenburg, South African Republic, Oct. 10, 1825. A South African statesman, the president of the South African Republic. He was chosen a member of the Executive Committee of the Transvaal in 1872, and has three times served as president Krumau (krö'mou). A town in southern Bo- hemia, situated on the Moldau 14 miles south- west of Budweis. Population (1890), commune, Krishnagar (krish-na-gur'), or Kishnugur (kish-nu-gur'). The capital of Nadiya district, Bengal, British India, situated on the Jalangi 60 miles north of Calcutta. Population, about 8,331. 26,000. Kronach, or Cronach (krō'näch). A small town in Upper Franc on i a, Bavaria, on the Kro- nach 55 miles north by east of Nuremberg. It was the birthplace of Lucas Cranach. Kronen berg, or Cronenberg (krō'nen-berg). A manufacturing town in the Rhine Province, Pru ia, 21 miles north-northeast of Cologne. Population (1890), 8,702. Kronoberg (krō'no-berg), or Wexjö (veks'yė). A laen in southern Sweden. Area, 3,841 square miles. Population (1893), estimated, 158,304. Kronos (kron'os). See Cronus . Krummacher (kröm mäch-er), Fried rich Adolf. Born at Tecklenburg, Westphalia, Pru ia, July, 1767: died at Bremen, April 4, 1845. A German Protestant clergyman and re- ligious writer: best-known work, "Parabeln" ("Parables, 1805"). Krummacher, Fried rich Wilhelm. Born at Mörs, Pru ia, Jan. 28, 1796: died at Potsdam, Pru ia, Dec. 10, 1868. A German Protestant clergyman and religious writer, son of F. A. Krummacher. He wrote "Elias der This biter" (1828-33), "Elisa" (1837-41), etc. Krummacher, Gottfried Daniel. Born at Teck- lenburg, Westphalia, Pru ia, April 1, 1774: died at Elberfeld, Pru ia, Jan. 30, 1837. A German Protestant clergyman and religious writer, brother of F. A. Krummacher. Krupp (kröp), Alfred. Born at E en, Pru ia, April 26, 1812: died July 14, 1887. A German manufacturer. He obtained control in 1848 of an iron forge, employing three men, which was founded by his father in 1810 at E en, Pru ia. He introduced the Be e- mer-steel proce into Germany, was the first German manu- facturer to make use of the steam forging-hammer, and took a leading part in the technical development of the German iron and steel industry. He left at his death an establish- Dec. 15, 1815. A German dramatist. In 1847 he became one of the editors of the "Cologne Gazette"; in 1855 its editor in chief; and in 1872 correspondent at Berlin, Among his plays are "Die Grafin" (1868), "Brutus" (1874), "Marino Faliero" (1876), "Witzlar von Rügen" (1882), "Alexis" (1882), "Arabella Stuart" (1888), "Hans Wald- mann" (1890), etc. Kruseman van Elten (krö'se-män vän el'ten), H. D. Born at Alkmaar, Nov. 14, 1829. A land- scape-painter. He studied in Haarlem and Bru els, and settled in Amsterdam, whence he removed to New York in 1865. He is a member of the Rotter dam and Amster- dam academies, and of the National Academy at New York. Krusenstern (krö'zen-stern), Adam Johann von. Born at Haggud, Esthonia, Ru ia, Nov. 8 (O. S.), 1770: died at A , Esthonia, Aug. 12 gator. He circumnavigated the world 1803-06, and pub- fished "Reise um die Welt" ("Journey Round the World," 1810-12), "Atlas de l'océan pacifique" (1824-27), "Recueil de mémoires hydrographiques" (1824-27), etc. Kryloff, or Kriloff (kre-lof'), Ivan Andreye- vitch. Born at Moscow, Feb. 13, 1768: died at St. Petersburg, Nov. 21, 1844. A Ru ian fabu- list. His ill succe as journalist and dramatist induced him in 1797 to become the Ru ian tutor of the children of Prince Galitzin. In 1812 he was appointed one of the librarians in the Imperial Public Library-a position he retained for nearly twenty years. His fables are quoted in Ru ia as "Hudibras" was in England. They were pub- lished in 1809, 1811, and 1816 (English translation by Ral- ston 1868). Africa, settled on the seaboard between the Ba a and the Grebos, to whom they are related. The Kru-men, often called Kru - boys , are famous as a people who never were slaves, as excellent sailors, and as thrifty, Ktesiphon. See Ctesiphon . hard-working laborers. They hire themselves out to all Kua (kö'ä), or Makua (mä-kö'ä). A Bantu IMG:content-0585.png:[blocks in formation] Kuba (kö'bä). A town in the government of Baku, Caucasus, Ru ia, 50 miles south-south- east of Derbend. Population (1891), 13,917. Kuba, or Bakuba (bä-kö'bä). A Bantu tribe of the Kongo State, dwelling between the Lulua, Ka ai, and Sankurn rivers. Kuba, or Makuba (mä-köʻbä). A Bantu tribe settled on the lower Kubango and Tshobe riv- ers. They are peaceful fishermen. ("His to rico-Critical Inquiry into the Origin and Collection of the Books of the Old Covenant," 1861-65), "De Gods- dienst van Israel tot den On der gang van den Joodschen Staat" (1869-70), etc. Kuenlun. See Kwanlun. Kufstein (köf's tin). An ancient and almost im- pregnable fortre on the Inn, the boundary be- tween Austria and Bavaria. Kugler (kög'ler), Franz The odor. Born at Stettin, Pru ia, Jan. 19, 1808: died at Berlin, March 18, 1858. A noted German historian of art, and poet. His chief work is “Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte" ("Manual of the History of Art," 1841-42). Kuhn (kön), Franz Felix Adalbert. Born at Königsberg-in-dern Neumark, Pru ia, No. 19, 1812: at (Berlin), May 5, 1881. celebrated German philologist and mythologist, director of the Köllnisches Gymnasium. He was one of the founders of the science of comparative mythol- ogy. Among his works are "Zur ältesten Geschichte der in do german is chen Völker" (1845), "Die Herabkunft des Feuers und des Göttertranks" (1859), etc. Kullu (kö-lö'). A portion of Kangra district, Panjab, British India, intersected by lat. 32° N., long. 77° 30′ Ε. Kulluka (köl-lö'ka). The name of a famous Sanskrit commentator on the so-called Laws of Kulm (kölm). [Bohem. Chlumec .] Bohemia, 48 miles north-northwest of Prague. Here, Aug. 29 and 30, 1813, the Allies under Ostermann and Kleist defeated the French (about 40,000) under Van- damme, who was compelled to surrender with 10,000 of his men. Kulm, or Culm (kölm). [Pol. Chelmno .] A town in the province of West Pru ia, Pru ia, situated on the Vistula 70 miles south by west of Dantzic: the oldest town in West Pru ia. Population (1890), commune, 9,762. IMG:content-0586.png:[blocks in formation] loftiest peaks of the Himalaya (once consid- Kurland. See Courland. ered the highest), between Nepal and Sikhim. Height, 28,176 feet. Also Kinchinjinga , etc. Kunduz (kön-döz'). A region in Afghan Turk- est an, south of the Amu-Daria and west of Badakshan. Kurma Avatar (kör'ma av-a-tär'). The "tor- toise incarnation" of Vishnu (his second). Hein- fused a portion of his e ence into an immense tortoise to east of Frankfort-on-the-Oder, Pru ia. Here, Aug. 12, 1759, the allied army of Ru ians and Austrians (about 60,000) under Soltikoff and Laudon totally defeated the Pru ians (48,000) under Frederick the Great. Lo of Pru ians, 18,500; of allies, 16,000. Kung (köng), Prince (Kung-Tsin-Wang). Born Jan. 11, 1833. A Chinese statesman, brother of the emperor Hien-fung. He was prime minister Kungur (köng-gör'). Atown in the government of Perm, eastern Ru ia, situated on the Sylva 55 miles south-southeast of Perm. Population, 12,106. Kunstmann (könst'män), Fried rich. Born at Nuremberg, Jan. 4, 1811: died at Munich, Aug. 15, 1867. A German historical and geographical writer. He was tutor of the prince Donna Amalia of Brazil, in Lisbon, 1841-46, and from 1847 was a profe or in the University of Munich. His best-known works are "Afrika vor den Entdeckungen der Portugiesen" (1853), and "Die Entdeckung Amerikas nach den ältesten Quellen" Kunti (kön'të). In Hindu mythology, daughter Mathura on the Yamuna. She was the mother of of the Yadava prince Shura, whose capital was Karna by the Sun. (See Karna .) Afterward she wedded Pandu and bore Yudhishthira, Bhima, and Arjuna, said respectively to be the sons of the gods Dharma, Vayu, and Indra. At the end of the great war she retired into the forest with Dhritarashtra and his wife Gandhari, where they all perished by a forest fire. Kuopio (kö-o'pē-ō). 1. A laen of Finland, Rus- sia. Area, 16,499 square miles. Population (1889), 284,847.-2. The capital of the laen of Kuopio, situated on Lake Kallavesi about lat. 63° N., long. 27° 30′ E. Population (1890), 8,882. in Upper Franc on i a, Bavaria, situated on the Kuprili. See Koprili . White Main 48 miles north-northeast of Nu- Kur (kör), or Kura (köʻrä). A river of Trans- remberg. It is noted for its breweries of Kulmbacher caucasia, Asiatic Ru ia, flowing by a delta into beer, and was formerly the residence of the margraves of Brandenburg-Kulmbach. Population (1890), 6,999. Baku: the ancient Cyrus. Length, about 700 Kulpa (köl'pä). A river in Croatia, Austria-Hun- gary, joining the Save 32 miles southeast of Agram. Length, over 200 miles. It is naviga- Kum (köm), or Kom (kom). A sacred city in the province of Irak-Ajemi, Persia, 81 miles south-southwest of Teheran. Population, est i- mated, 20,000. Kuma (kö'mä). A river in the government of Stavropol, Caucasia, Ru ia, flowing into the Caspian Sea about lat. 44°50′ N. Length, about Kumaun (ku-mân'). A division in the North- west Provinces, British India, bordering on Nepal and Tibet. Area, 12,438 square miles. Population (1881), 1,046,263. Kumbhakonam (köm-ba-kō'nam), or Comba- conum (kom-ba-kō'num). A town in the dis- trict of Tanjore, Madras, British India, about 20 miles northeast of Tanjore. Population (1891), 54,307. miles. Kural (kö-räl'). ['Proverbs.] An admirable collection of gnomic stanzas in the Tamil lan- guage, by Tiruvalluvar who lived about the 3d century A. D. Its language is the norm of literary ex- cellence, and it has exercised a great influence upon its people. See Tiruvalluvar . Kurdistan (kör-dis-tän'). The country of the Kurds, a region of vague boundaries in eastern Asiatic Turkey and western Persia, about lat. 34°-39° N., long. 38°-47° E. The surface is moun- tainous. The inhabitants (the ancient Carduchi) belong to the Aryan race, but are Mohammedans in creed. They have a quasi independence under their chiefs, and are noted for their robberies. It is estimated that they num- ber about 1,500,000 in Turkey, and 700,000 in Persia. Kurds (kördz). See Kurdistan . Kurg, or Coorg (körg). A province of British India, under the administration of the governor- general of India, intersected by lat. 12° 15′ N., long. 76° E. It was annexed by Great Britain in 1834. Area, 1,583 square miles. Population (1891), 173,055. Kurgan (kör-gän'). A town in the government of Tobolsk, Siberia, situated on the Tobol about lat. 55° 30′ N., long. 65° 20′ E. Popu- lati on (1889), 9,189. Kuria Muria (köʻre-ä möʻrē-ä) Islands. A group of small islands in the Arabian Sea, off the Arabian coast, in lat. 17° 32′ N., long. 56° 3' E.: a British po e ion. Kurigalzu (kū-rê-gäl'zö). The name of two Babylonian kings of the Co ean dynasty. The northeast to the eastern shores of Kiushiu, Shikoku, the main island of Japan. About lat. 38° it bends more to the east, and continues southward of the Aleutian Islands to the North American coast, where it is known as the Pa- cific drift. On the coast of Japan its temperature is always several degrees higher than that of the neighboring waters, but it decreases in temperature and depth as it runs north- ward and eastward. Its breadth increases as it approaches the American coast. Kurrachee. See Karachi . Kursk (körsk). 1. A government of Ru ia, surrounded by the governments of Orel, Voro- nezh, Kharkoff, Pultowa, and Tchernigoff: one of the chief agricultural governments of Ru ia. Area, 17,937 square miles. Population (1891), 2,666,573.-2. The capital of the government vas and the Pandavas, was fought. It lies south- east of Thanesar, not far from Panipat, and has been the scene of many historic battles. Kurz (körts), He in rich. Born at Paris, April 28, 1805: died at Aarau, Switzerland, Feb. 24, 1873. A German historian of literature. From 1834 he was profe or of the German language and liter- ature in various places in Switzerland. He wrote "Ge- schichte der deutschen Litteratur" (1851-72), etc. Kurz, Hermann. Born at Reutlingen, Würtem- berg, Nov. 30, 1813: died at Tübingen, Wür- temberg, Oct. 10, 1873. A German poet, nov- elist, and littérateur. Kusel (közel). A small town in the Rhine Palatinate, Bavaria, 39 miles east-southeast of part of his territory. Kurile (kö'ril) Islands. [Jap. Chishima , Thou- sand Islands.] A chain of islands (about 32 in number) extending from the southern ex- tremity of Kamchatka to Yezo. The surface is mountainous and volcanic. They were discovered by the Dutch navigator De Vrees in 1634. By treaty with Ru ia in 1875 they pa ed entirely to Japan. The few inhabitants Provinces, British India, 80 miles southwest of Cawnpore. Population, about 14,000. north of the province of East Pru ia. It is sep- arated from the Baltic by sand-dunes, and connected with it by the Memel Deeps. Length, about 60 miles. Kustenaus Kustenaus (kös-te-nous'). A tribe of Brazilian Indians discovered by Von den Steinen on the upper Xingú River in 1885. They are distantly related to the Arawaks of Guiana. Kustendje (kös-tend'je), or Küstendje (küstend'je), Rumanian Constantza (kon-stänt'sä). A seaport and the chief town of the Dobrudja, Rumania, situated on the Black Sea in lat. 44° 10' N., long. 28° 39′ E. It was the ancient Constant i an a, situated at the end of Trajan's Wall. The ancient Tomi is in the vicinity. Population, 7,994. Küstenland (küs'ten-länt), or Maritime Prov ince. The collective name for the three crownlands Görz and Gradiska, Istria, and Triest, in Austria-Hungary. Küstr in, or Cüstr in (küs-tren'). A town and fortre in the province of Brandenburg, Pru ia, situated at the confluence of the War the with the Oder, 52 miles east by north of Berlin. It was formerly capital of the Neumark. Frederick the Great was imprisoned here 1730-31. It surrendered to the French in 1806. Population (1890), commune, 16,672. Kusu (kö'sö), or Bakusu (bä-kö'sö). A Bantu tribe of the Kongo State, on the left bank of the Lualaba River, north of Nyangwe. agriculturists, copper-smelters, Kutab minar (kö'täb me-när'). Alofty column of red sandstone erected by the Mu ulmans at Delhi in India, to commemorate their decisive victory over the Rajputs in 1193, which gained for them the sovereignty of the Panjab. It is 50 ts, copper shelters, lters, and and cann i base cannibals, feet in diameter at the base, and 13 at the top, and is considered the highest column in the world. Its face is covered with texts from the Koran. Named in honor of Kutabuddin, the general of the conqueror. Kutahia, or Kutaya (kö-ti'yä). A town in Asia Minor, Turkey, situated in lat. 39° 28′ N., long. 29° 52′ E. It is a trading center. A peace was negotiated here, May, 1833, whereby the sultan made over Syria and the province of Adana to Ibrahim Pasha. Population, estimated, 40,000-60,000. Kutais (kö-tis'). 1. A government in Transcaucasia, Asiatic Ru ia, bordering on the Black Sea and Asiatic Turkey. The territories of Sukhum and Batum were annexed to it in 1882. Area, 13,968 square miles. Population (1886-90), 998,620, 2. The capital of the government of Kutais, situated on the Rion in lat. 42° 16′ N., long. 42° 40′ E., acquired by Ru ia in 1810. Popu lati on (1892), 22,643. Kutch in (ku-chin'). A general name given to many tribes of the northern division of the Atha pascan stock of North American Indians, who live on and near the Yukon River and its tribu taries in Alaska, and in the northwestern part of British North America, west of the Mac gary, situated on the Czeremosz in lat. 48° 16′ N., long. 25° 10' E. Population (1890), commune, 6,353. Kuvera (kö-vāra). [Skt.: said to be from ku , what a (interrogative and depreciative), and vera , body (in reference to his ugline ).] In Hindu mythology, originally, the chief of the evil beings dwelling in darkne , a sort of Pluto; later, the god of riches and the regent of the northern quarter. His city is Alaka in the Himalaya, and his garden Chaitraratha on Mount Mandara. He was Kyzikos Kwatami (kwä-täʼmē), or Sixes (siks'ez). A village of the Pacific division of the At hap as can stock of North American Indians, formerly on Sixes Creek, Oregon, now on the Siletz reservation, Oregon. See At hap as can . Kweichow (kwi-chou'). A province of China, bounded by Szechuen on the north, Hunan on the east, Kwangsi on the south, and Yunnan on the west. Area, 64,554 square miles. Popula- tion, 7,669,181. half-brother of Raven the twa Kwichpak. See Yukon . Lanka in Ceylon, from which he was driven by Ravana. Kwiliute. See Quileute. He is represented as white and deformed, having three Kwilu, or Kuilu (kwē'lö). legs and only eight teeth. Kuyp. See Сиур . Kuyunjik (kö-yön-jēk'). A village and a mound of ruins on the site of ancient Nineveh, which in the reign of Sennacherib (705-681 в. с.) was the capital of As syria, and remained such until its destruction in 608 B. c.: the Mespila of Xenophon. It represents the northern quarter of Nine veh. It lies on the eastern bank of the Tigris, nearly oppound of ruins Nebbi Yunus, representing the southern posite to the modern Mosul. to lies auxiliary auxiliary fiver river of of the the Tigris Tigris. Sir Sir Henry Henry Layard Layard, English English amba ador at Constantinople, discovered in Kuyunjik, 1852, the largest A yrian palace thus far known (the so called southwest palace of Sennacherib, which contained 71 rooms); and Hormuzd Ra am, 1854, the north palace of As urban i pal, with the great collection of engraved tablets known as "the Library of As urban i pal." See Nineveh . French Kongo, Africa. Kwokwoos. See Kusan . A river in the Kworatem (kwo'rä-tem). A division of the Quorate an stock of North American Indians, embracing the Ehnek, Ikwanek, Opigoi, and Shiwo bands or villages on Salmon River, northwestern California. The name is also applied by the natives to the river. See Quorate an. Kyaxares. See Cyaxares . Kybele. See Cybele . Kyd (kid), Thomas. Lived in the latter half of the 16th century. An English dramatist. He wrote usually on bloodcurdling subjects, and is best known by his two plays, "The First Part of Jeronimo or Hieronimo, etc.," published in 1605, and "The Spanish Tragedy" (licensed 1592, printed 1599 and 1602), written after the other, though purporting to precede it. He also translated Garnier's "Pompey Great," known as "Cornel i a," and wrote "Solimon and Perseda," etc. He is said to have died in poverty in 1595. The well-known epithet of Jonson, "sporting" Kyd, seems to have been either a mere play on the poet's name, or else a lucus a non lucendo ; for both "Jeronimo" and its sequel are in the ghastliest and bloodiest vein of tragedy, and "Cornel i a" is a model of stately dullne . Saints bury , Hist. of Elizabeth an Lit., p. 74. Kwafi (kwä'fe). An African tribe, ethnically allied and conterminous with the Masai, but not on friendly terms with them. Like the Masai, they are split into clans, and are warlike, nomadic, and pagan. They are called Wakwafi by the Bantu tribes. Kwakiutl (kwä-ke-ötl'). Originally, the name of a single tribe of North American Indians, in the northeastern part of Vancouver Island; now, a collective name given to three tribes of the Kydonia. See Cydonia. Haeltzuk division of the Wakashan stock- Kyffhäuser (kif hoi-zer). A mountain and eas namely, the Kwakiutl proper, Walis-kwakiutl, and Kueha. In 1885 the Kwakiutl proper num tle in Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Germany, 31 miles north-northwest of Weimar. According bered 65; the Walis-kwakiutl, 48. See Hael- to tradition it is the sleeping-place of Freder tzuk , 1. ick Barb a ro a. Height, 1,395 feet. Kwakwa (kwä'kwä), also called Avekvom. A Kygani, or Kaigani. See Skittagetan . Nigritic tribe of the Ivory Coast, West Africa, Kyle (kil). The central district of Ayrshire, between Liberia and A shanti, in the French Scotland, between the Doon and the Irvine. sphere of influence. Like the Kru-men, they Kyme. See Cumæ . are muscular and bold sailors. Kwalhiokwa (kwäl-he-o'kwä). A tribe of the Pacific division of the At hap as can stock of North American Indians, formerly on Will opah River, Washington, near the Lower Chinook Indians: often confounded with the Owilapsh