It is notable for the victory gained near it in 168 B

c. by the Romans under Æmilius Paulus over the Maced on i ans under Perseus, causing the overthrow of the Maced on i an monarchy. Pye (pi), Henry James. Born at London, July 10, 1745: died near Harrow, Aug. 13, 1813. An IMG:content-0820.png:[blocks in formation] and became member of Parliament 1790 he succeeded Wharton as poet laureate. In 1792 he was a London police magistrate. He wrote "Alfred," an epic, in 1801, and several volumes of poems and translations. Pyeed. See Paiute . Pygmalion (pig-ma'li-on). [Gr. Πυγμαλίων.] In Greek legend: ( a ) The brother of Dido. See Dido. (b) A sculptor and king of Cyprus. He fell in love with an ivory statue which he had made, and at his request Aphrodite gave it life. Marston's first publication was "The Metamorphosis of Pygmalion's Image: and Certain Satires," which was printed in 1598. "Pygmalion's Image" was a poem of 243 lines, not a satire. William Morris has also told the story in his "Earthly Paradise." Pygmalion and Galatea (gal-a-te'ä). A fairy comedy by W. S. Gilbert, produced in 1871. Pygmies (pig'miz). An African race of dwarfs. The existence in Africa of an undersized race, with a stature averaging that of a boy of 12 to 13 years, was known to the earliest writers, as Homer and Hesiod, who must have heard of it through Egyptian channels. Sataspes the Persian found, at the terminus of his voyage along the African west coast, a tribe of dwarfs wearing leaves and owning cattle. The Pygmies are found all the way from Egypt to the Cape (Bushmen), and from Kamerun to Zanzibar, in sporadic bands of timid and nomadic hunters and fishermen, paying tribute to Bantu or Hamitic chiefs. In Aby in i a are found the Doko, who make good servants; on the Blue Nile, the Sienietye; in Gall a land, the Was an i a and Watua; on the Aruwimi River, the Akka and Wambuti; in French Kongo, the Obongo and Bakkebakke; on the Kuangu River, the Bachwa; on the Lulua and Sankuru and in the horseshoe bend of the Kongo River, the Batua (also Batekke or Bayekke); in the Nguru Mountains near Zanzibar, the Wadidikimo; at the head of Lake Nya a, high up in the mountains, the Wanena or Wapanga. Finally, the var i ous tribes of Bushmen south of the Zambest are also Pyg mies. See Hottentot-Bushmen, Hottentots, Bushmen, Khoi khoin, and African ethnography (under Africa ). Pylades (pil'a-dēz). [Gr. Πυλάδης .] In Greek legend, the friend of Orestes and husband of Electra. Pylus (pi'lus). [Gr. Πύλος.] In ancient geography, a town in Me enia, Greece, situated at the northern entrance to the Bay of Navarino, 5 miles northwest of the modern Navarino. It is the traditional seat of Nestor and other Neleids. It was fortified by the A then i ans under Demosthenes in 425 B. C. Pylus, Bay of. See Navarino , Bay of . Pym (pim), John, Born at Brymore, Somerset shire, 1584: died at London, Dec. 8, 1643. An English statesman and Parliamentary leader. He entered Broad gates Hall (now Pembroke College), Oxford, in 1599, and became a member of Parliament for Calne in 1621. He was one of the managers of Bucking ham's impeachment in 1626, and advocated the Petition of Right in 1628. His authority began in the Short Parliament. In the Long Parliament he a isted in impeaching Str afford and Laud. He was one of the "five members" whose ar rest was attempted by Charles I. in Jan., 1642. Pyncheon (pin'chon), Clifford. In Hawthorne's "House of the Seven Gables," the brother of "old maid Pyncheon," who has returned from a prison to find himself at odds with a matter of-fact world. tains, Colorado. Height, 13,885 feet. Pyramids (pir'a-midz) a-midz) of Gizeh. The northernmost surviving surviving group of a range of about 70 pyramids, extending from Abu Roash south to Meidoum. The Gizeh group consists of the Great Pyramid, the second and third pyramids, and 8 small pyramids. The Great Pyramid is the tomb of the Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops), of the 4th dynasty, and dates from about 4,000 B. C. Its original height was 481 feet (present height, 451), and the original length of the sides at the base, 755. It is built of solid masonry in large blocks, closely fitted, with use of mortar. The exterior forms a series of steps, which were originally filled with blocks of limestone accurately cut to form a smooth slope. The entrance, originally concealed, is on the north side, 45 feet above the base and 24 to one side of the center. The pa age slants downward for 306 feet; but the corridor, slanting upward to the true sepulchral chambers, soon branches off from it. A horizontal branch leads to the queen's chamber, about 18 feet square, in the center of the pyramid, and the slanting corridor continues in the Great Gallery, 151 feet long, 28 high, and 7 wide, to the vestibule of the king's chamber, which is 34 feet long, 17 wide, and 19 high, and 141 above the base of the pyramid. It contains a plain, empty sarcophagus. The second pyramid, or pyramid of Chephren (Khafra), was originally 472 feet high and 706 in base-measurement. It has two entrances, and interior pa ages and chambers similar to those of the Great Pyramid. It re tains, at the top, part of its smooth exterior casing. The third pyramid, that of Menkaura (Mencheres), was 215 feet high, and 346 to a side at the base. The entrance-pa ages and sepulchral chambers are similar to those of the other pyramids. All three were built by the 4th dynasty. Temples, now ruined, stand before the eastern faces of the second and third pyramids. For the Step Pyramid, see Sakkarah . Pyramids, Battle of the. A victory gained near the pyramids of Egypt, July 21, 1798, by the French under Napoleon over the Mamelukes under Murad Bey. Pyramus (pir'a-mus). [Gr. Πύραμος .] In cla ical legend, a youth of Babylon, the lover of This be. Their story is celebrated by Ovid in his "Metamorphoses," and Shakspere introduces it in the interlude of the "Midsummer Night's Dream." Pyramus. The ancient name of the Jihun. Pyrenees (pir'e-nez), F. Pyrénées (pe-rā-nā'), Sp. Pirineos (pē-re-nā'ōs), L. Pyrenæi (pir e-ne'i). A mountain-range which separates France on the north from Spain on the south, and extends from the Bay of Biscay to the Mediterranean. It is divided into the Eastern, Central, and Western Pyrenees. The highest points (Pic de Néthou and Mont Perdu, reaching about 11,000 feet) are in the Central Pyrenees. There are few pa es, and the chain has a high average elevation. There are a number of small glaciers. Length, about 300 miles. Greatest width, about 70 miles. Pyrenees, Australian. The western part of the Australian Alps, in Victoria. Pyrénées, Ba es-. See Ba es - Pyrénées . Pyrénées, Hautes-. See Hautes - Pyrénées . Pyrenees, Peace of the. A treaty between France and Spain, concluded in Nov., 1659, on an island of the Bid as so a (near the Pyrenees). Python Spain ceded to France a great part of Artois, parts of Flanders, Hainaut, and Luxemburg, most of Rou illon, and part of Cerdagne; a marriage was arranged between Louis XIV. and the Infanta of Spain, Maria The res a, daughter of Philip IV. Pyrénées-Orient a les (pē-rā-nā'zō-ryoń-täl'). [F., Eastern Pyrenees.') A department of southern France, capital Perpignan, formed from the ancient Rou illon and small parts of Langue doc. It is bounded by Ariège on the northwest, Aude on the north, the Mediterranean on the east, and Spain on the south. The surface is mountainous on the frontiers. It is an agricultural department. The leading product is wine. Area, 1,592 square miles. Population (1891), 210,125. Pyrgopolinices (per-gō-pol-i-ni'sēz). A braggart, a character in the comedy "Miles Gloriosus," by Plautus. Pyrmont (per'mont). 1. A small principality in Germany, united with Waldeck. It is surrounded by Pru ia, Lippe, and Brunswick. 2. The capital of the principality of Pyrmont, situated 33 miles southwest of Hannover. It is a watering-place with chalybeate and saline springs. Pyrocles (pir'ō-klēz). 1. A character in Sidney's Arcadia." He disguises as a woman, Zelmane. -2. The son of A crates and brother of Cymocles, in Spenser's "Faerie Queene." Pyrrha (pir'ä). [Gr. Πύῤῥα .] In Greek legend, the wife of Deucalion. See Deucalion . Pyrrho (pir'ō). [Gr. Πύῤῥων .] Born in Elis, Greece, about 360 в. с.: died about 270 в. с. А Greek philosopher, the founder of the skeptical school. Pyrrhus. See Neoptolemus . Pyrrhus (pir'us). [Gr. Πύῤῥος .] Born about 318 B. c.: killed at Argos, Greeсе, 272 в. с. King of Epirus, one of the greatest generals of antiquity. He was invited by Tarentum to a ist it against Rome in 280; defeated the Romans at Heracleia in 280, and at Asculum in 279; remained in Sicily until 276; and was defeated by the Romans at Ben even tum in 275. Pythagoras (pi-thag'ō-ras). [Gr. Πυθαγόρας.] Born in Samos, Greece, probably about 582 в. с.: died at Metapontum, Magna Græcia, about 500 B. C. A famous Greek philosopher and mat he matician. He emigrated to Croton a, Magna Græcia, about 529, and founded there a philosophic school. Later he removed to Metapontum. Pytheas (pith'e-as). [Gr. Πυθέας .] A Greek navigator and astronomer who lived in the sec of Ma ilia (Marseilles), and visited the coast of Spain, Gaul, and Great Britain. His works, fragments only of which remain, contain our earliest precise information of the 4th century B. C. He was a native concerning the northwestern countries of Europe. Pythia (pith'i-a). [Gr. Πυθία .] The prophete of the Delphic oracle. Pythian games. One of the four great national festivals of Greece, celebrated once in four years, in honor of Apollo, at Delphi. Pythias (pith'i-as). [Gr. Πυθιάς . 1 A Syracusan condemned to death by Dionysius I. See Damon. Pythius (pith'i-us). [Gr. Πύθιος .] A surname of Apollo as the slayer of the Python. Python (pi'thon). [Gr. Πύθων . ] In cla ical antiquities and in the New Testament, a soothsaying spirit or demon; hence, also, a person po e ed by such a spirit; especially, a ventriloquist. Some ancient writers speak of the serpent Python as having delivered oracles at Delphi before the coming of Apollo (who slew it), and during the Roman imperial period we find the name often given to soothsayers. The spirit was supposed to speak from the belly of the soothsayer, who was accordingly called ἐγγαστρίμυθος, α ventriloquist, a word used in the Septuagint to represent the Hebrew ' ōbh , often rendered python in the Vulgate. In Acts xvi. 16, the usual reading is "a spirit of Python,' while some manuscripts read "a spirit, a Python." The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century Cyclopedia of names Jua-. For names beginning thus, not given here, see Kwa- . Quackenbos (kwak'en bos), George Payn. Bornat New York, Sept. 4, 1826: died July 24, 1881. An American educator. He graduated at Columbia in 1843, and was for many years principal of collegiate school at New York. He edited the "Literary Magazine" 1848-50. He is known chiefly as the author of various text-books on United States history, grammar, rhetoric, arithmetic, and natural philosophy. Quadi (kwa'di). [L. (Tacitus) Quadi , Gr. (Strabo) Κοάδουοι .] A German tribe, a part of the Suevi, the eastern neighbors of the Marcomanni in Bohemia, in the region back of the Danube about the March and the Taya. They were originally allies of the Marcomanni, but later (in the 4th century) appear in incursions into Roman territory in company with the Sarmatian Jazyges. They were ultimately included under the common name Suevi . Quadra (kwä'drä), Vicente. A Nicaraguan politician, president March 1, 1871, to March 1, 1875. His term was peaceful and prosperous. Quadrilateral (kwod-ri-lat'e-ral). The four fortre es of Legnago, Mantua, Peschiera, and Verona, in Italy. They are famous for their strength and for their strategic importance during the Austrian occupation of northern Italy. Quadrilateral, Bulgarian. The four fortre es of Rustchuk, Schumla, Silistria, and Varna. Quadruple Alliance, The. A league against Spain, formed in 1718 by Great Britain, France, Austria, and the Netherlands. Quadruple Treaty, The. A league formed against the usurper Dom Miguel of Portugal and Don Carlos of Spain in 1834. The signatory powers were Great Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal. Quai d'Orsay (kā dor-sa'). The quay along the south bank of the Seine in Paris, on which are situated the department of foreign affairs and the building of the Corps Législatif; hence, the French foreign office, or the government in general (like the English Downing street). Quaker (kwā'ker), The. An opera by Charles Dibdin, produced in 1777. Quaker City. Philadelphia, which was colonized by Quakers. Quaker Poet, The. A name given to Bernard Barton, and also to John Green leaf Whittier. Quangsi. See Kwangsi . Quangtong. See Kwangtung . Quantock Hills (kwan'tok hilz). A range of hills in Somerset, England, west of Bridgwater. Quantz (kwänts), Johann Joachim. Born near Göttingen, Jan. 30, 1697: died at Potsdam, Pru ia, July 12, 1773. A celebrated German flute player and composer for the flute. Quaquas (kwä'kwäs). Indians of eastern Venezuela, south of the Orinoco, on the river Cuyuni: a branch, descended from those which were gathered into the mi ion villages in the 18th century, is found near the Gulf of Paria. The Quaquas formerly lived on the upper Orinoco, above the junction of the Meta, and they are said to have spoken a dialect of the Saliva language; but at present they speak Arawak, perhaps from long intercourse with that tribe. They are of a mild disposition, and agriculturists. Also written Guagues , Guaicas , and Guaycas. Quaregnon (kä-ren-yon'). A town in the province of Hainaut, Belgium, 36 miles southwest of Bru els. Population (1890), 14,361. extent for the very unjust ridicule which has been lavished on him by men of letters of his own and later times. It is, of course, sufficiently absurd that such hasty and slovenly work should have been reprinted as fast as the pre es could give it, when the "Hesperides" remained writer almost who unnoticed. great as But he was, the was silly almost antithesis as ignorant it of Pope, a erary history as his model, Boileau, ought to prejudice no one, and it is strictly true that Quarles's enormous volume hides, to some extent, his merits.