Faradic

Pertaining to the phenomena of induced electric currents, as investigated by Faraday. Far'del, n. [Old Fr. fardel, a little pack.] A bundle or pack; anything burdensome. Fargo, in North Dakota, a city, cap. of Ca co., on Red River at the head of navigation, and C., M. & St. P., N. P., and G. N. R. Rs., 253 m. W. of Duluth; has mills, breweries, oil warehouses, manufactures of carriages, plows, reapers and mowing machines. The State Agricultural College is situated here. Pop. (1890) 5,664. Fari'na, in Illinois , a post-town of Fayette co., on Ill. Cent. R. R., 65 m. E. of St. Louis, Mo.; has flour mills and manufactures of fruit boxes. Pop . (1890) 618. Far'jeon, BENJAMIN LEOPOLD, novelist, born in England in 1833; was for some years engaged in journalism in Australia and New Zealand. He has written a number of novels representing life among the lower cla es. These include: London's Heart; Grif; Toilers of Baby lon , . Far'mer, in New York , a post-village of Seneca co., on Lehigh Val. R. R., 75 m. S. E. of Rochester; has large neck-yoke factory, creamery, canning factory and manufactures of fruit baskets and barrel heads. Pop . (1897) about 750. Farmer City, in Illinois , a post-village of DeWitt co., 25 m. S. E. of Blooming ton, on C., C., C. & St. L., and Ill. Cent. R. Rs.; has flour, lumber and planing mills, manufactures of brick and tiles, and is a shipping point for grain and live stock. Pop . (1890) 1,367. Farmers' Alliance. ( Am. Hist.) This is the general term for an a ociation of agriculturists which, with various designations, has existed since 1873. Antedating this was the secret order of the Patrons of Husbandry, formed in Washington in 1867, with a National Grange, and which established over 27,000 subordinate Granges in 44 States and territories, with a membership numbering hundreds of you sands. The first F. A. appears to have been organized in Texas in 1873, for the purpose of coöper at i on against cattle thieves; but as its members increased its scope was widened. In 1887 its membership was over 100,000, and it consolidated with the Farmers' Union, of Louisiana, becoming incorporated under the laws of the District of Columbia as the National Farmers' Alliance and Coöperative Union. In 1880 the National Agricultural Wheel was formed in Arkansas, and soon spread into other States. These two organizations were consolidated at St. Louis, Mo., Oct. 1, 1889, under the name of the National Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union, with a membership then estimated at from 1,600,000 to 2,500,000. This society is in active operation in all the southern and western States (except Ohio and Wyoming) and in New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Another organization called the National Farmers' Alliance was formed in Chicago in 1880, and is now the general representative of State alliances organized in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Mi ouri, Montana, Nebraska, New York, North and South Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Washington and Wisconsin. These a ociations claim to be non-partisan and non-political, and aim to secure the general welfare of the farmer. Their conventions, however, have adopted platforms that by no means ignore political questions, and they have, no doubt, been influential in shaping legislation, both State and national, in the interest of the farmer and the agricultural sections of the country. Farmers' In's titutes. Periodical meetings of farmers, under the auspices, direct or indirect, of a State government, for the consideration of questions relating to agricultural affairs. There is usually a central organization, vested in some agricultural college or society of the State, which arranges the meetings and sends lecturers to the local institutes to coöperate with the neighborhood speakers. The meetings, usually held in the winter, last from one to several days, and yield opportunities for a thorough discu ions of all agricultural problems interesting to the farmers concerned. Funds for the support of these institutes are appropriated by about thirty of the States, New York being the highest, with $15,000 annually. About $100,000 are expended anuually for this purpose in the U. S. and Canada. The first active effort to establish a system of itinerant agricultural lectures was made by the New York State Agricultural Society, in 1842-43, followed by a similar movement by the Ma achusetts State Board of Agriculture, in 1859, and by the State Board of Agriculture of Michigan, in 1861. The growth of F. I. has been most pronounced since 1880, and has stimulated the organization of many county institutes and farmers' clubs, in this manner reaching nearly every farming community of the North and to a le extent those of the South.