June 9, 1875

A Polish politician and philosopical, sophical writer. Liber (liber). In Italian mythology, a god of wine, afterward identified with the Greek Dionysus (Bacchus). Libera (lib'e-rä). In Italian mythology, a godde , wife of the wine-god Liber, afterward identified with the Greek Perse phone. Liberal Party. In British politics, the name by which the Whig party has been known since about the time of the first Reform Bill. It has generally advocated reforms in government and extension of power to the people, has favored free trade, and in the last few years has advocated Home Rule for Ireland. It has held office under Grey, Melbourne, Ru ell, Aberdeen, Palmers ton, Gladstone, and Rosebery as prime ministers. Liberal Unionists. In British politics, a party formed in 1886 by the sece ion from the Liberal party of those who objected to Gladstone's Home Rule proposals. They act generally with the Conservatives, their recognized leader being the Marquis of Hartington (now Duke of Devons hire). Liberation, War of. [G. Befreiungskrieg .] A name given by the Germans to the war of the Allies against the French in 1813-14. A leading result was the freeing of various German states from French occupation and influence. Liberator, The. An antislavery paper published at Boston 1831-65, edited by Garrison. Liberator, The. 1. [Sp. El Liber tad or .] The title of Simon Bolivar. The municipality of Caracas, after he had taken that city from the Spaniards, proclaimed him Oct. 13, 1813, "Salvador de la Patria, Liber tad or de Venezuela" ('Savior of the Country, and Liberator of Venezuela). The title of Liberator of New Granada was conferred on him after the battle of Boyacá, Aug., 1819; and that of Liberator of Peru after the victory of Ayacucho in 1824. 2. A surname of O'Connell. Liber de Hyda (liber de hi'da). See the extract. A circumstantial account of the foundation of the schools of Oxford in the year 886 is to be found in the Liber de Hyda , a monastic record which seems to have been compiled dur ing to give the a second list of half the original of the fourteenth staff of teachers. century. St. It Neot profe es and St. Grimbald are stated to have given lectures on theology, A er on grammar and rhetoric, John, a monk of St. David's, on logic, music, and arithmetic, and another monk of the same name, on geometry and astronomy. The absence of any allusion to lectures on medicine or law may be due to the fact that the compiler of the Liber de Hyda was a monk study. He shows himself singularly inaccurate as to the who, as such, had no interest in either of these branches of tively that the University had its abode outside the North history of Oxford in his own century, for he states posiGate until the year 1354, and used the church of St. Giles as its formal place of a embly. Lyte , Oxford, p. 241. Liberia (li-bē'ri-ä). A negro republic on the western coast of Africa, extending from about 6° 40′ W. about 400 miles along the coast to the northwest. Capital, Monrovia. The coast is low. Tropical products are exported. The government is vested in a president and a congre comprising a senate and a house of representatives. Liberia was founded by free negroes sent by the American Colonization Society in 1822, and was declared independent in 1847. Area, estimated, 14,360 square miles. Population, estimated, 1,068,000. Liber Pontifical is (li'bėr pon-tif-i-ka'lis). [L., 'book of the Pope.'] A work containing the lives of the popes from St. Peter to Stephen VI. It has been attributed to An as tas i us Bibliothecarius, but without ancient authority. Liber Studio rum (li'bér stū-di-o'rum). [L., 'book of studies."] A volume of studies by Turner, the English landscape-painter. He published it 1806-16 with a desire to rival Claude's "Liber Ver it at is." Libertad (le-ber-tärn'). A maritime department in northwestern Peru. Capital, Trujillo. The old department of Libertad, formed in 1825 from the colonial in tendency of Trujillo, embraced also the present departments of Amazon as, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, and Pi ura, which have been separated from it at different times. Area, 18,765 square miles. Population (1876), 147,541. Libertine, The. A tragedy by Thomas Shad well, produced in 1676. It is profe edly derived from "Il A the is to Fulminato," but apparently from Molière's "Don Juan." the oath to master. In this thraldom he detained for five years, when the riotous sophists were for a time displaced and he was promoted to one of the chairs. K. O. Müller , Hist. of the Lit. of Anc. Greece, III. 294. [( Donald son .) Libanus. The Latin name of Lebanon. Libau (lē'bou), Lettish Leepaja (lā'pä-yā). A seaport in the government of Courland, Ru ia, situated on the Baltic Sea in lat. 56° 31′ N., long. 21° E.: an important export place. Population (1885-89), 32,538. Libby Prison, The. A notorious Confederate military prison in Richmond, Virginia, during the Civil War: originally a tobacco warehouse. It was afterward taken down, carried to Chicago, and there set up as a war museum. Libelt (lē'belt), Karól. Born at Posen, Pru ia, April 8, 1807: died near Gollantsch, Pru ia, don in 1752. It bore the motto "Proclaim liberty throughout the land unto all the inhabitants thereof." It was afterward recast at Philadelphia, with the same inscription, and it was rung when the Declaration of Independence was adopted by Congre . It is now in Independence Hall in Philadelphia. Liberty Enlightening the World. A colo al figure formed of plates of bronze on an iron framework, supported on a high granite pedestal, on Bedloe's Island in New York Bay. The figure represents a robustly formed woman, fully draped in Greek tunic and mantle, and diademed, holding a torch in her uplifted right hand. The height of the statue is 151 feet; of the pedestal, 155. It is by the sculptor Bartholdi, and is a gift made to the United States by popular subscription by the people of France. The pedestal was designed by Richard M. Hunt, and paid for by popular subscription in the United States. The statue was inaugurated in 1886.