Betel

A common masticatory in the East, where it is chewed in the same way as tobacco is by Europe ans and Americans, but much more generally, being regarded by the Malays, Sum a trans, ., as an absolute nece ary of life. It is commonly formed by dividing areca-nuts [166] into four or six equal parts or slices, one of which is rolled up, with a little chunam, [167] in a sirih or leaf of the piper-betel, [168] and then constitutes a ‘quid’ ready for use. [166] In many cases suitable pieces of the whole fruit, including the husk, are used; and in others only the husk ( PINANG ); there being different strengths and qualities of ‘betel’ employed. [167] Lime made by burning shells. [168] In some cases, the leaf of chavica siriboa (Miq.), which po e es similar properties, is employed. Prop., . Betel, in those accustomed to its use, produces a species of pleasing excitement or intoxication, stimulates the action of the salivary glands, stomach, and kidneys, corrects acidity, diminishes cutaneous perspiration, restrains exce ive discharges, increases the power of physical exertion and endurance, moderates the effects of climate, and appears to act as a general tonic on the system. It darkens the teeth, and tinges the saliva as well as the mouth and lips of a bright red colour. In those unhabituated to its use it causes giddine , astringes and excoriates the mouth and fauces, and temporarily deadens the sense of taste. The Indians conceive that it preserves and fastens the teeth, cleanses and strengthens the gums, sweetens the breath, cools the mouth, a ists respiration, and acts as a general aphrodisiac on both sexes. Peron states that he preserved his health during a long and very trying voyage by the habitual use of betel, whilst his companions, who did not use it, died mostly of dysentery. [169] [169] ‘Voyage aux Terres Australes.’