MACED ON I AN EMP

made war against Athens, which w. extending its territory northwards and had founded A mph i polis; Archelaus, 413-399, civilized his people, built up army, and established fortre es and military roads; civil strife ensued on his death until acce ion, 360, of Philip, who completed his work; he developed famous Maced on i an phalanx, improving the form evolved by Epa min on das of Thebes, and established Maced on i an supremacy over all surrounding states, including those of Greece; decisive battle of Choeronea, 338; his s., Alexander the Great, 336-23, conquered Persian eaipire. lexander ruled at his death Macedonia and Thrace in Europe; Phrygia Great Phrygia, Paphlagonia, and Cappadocia in Asia Minor; Cilicia, Syria, sis, Media, Parthia, Hyrcania, Bactria, diana, Arachosia and Gedrosia, the Kabul valley and province on Indus in Asia; and Egypt. In conquered realms of Persia system of government by lieutenants called satraps was retained though Maced on i ans were generally app. On Alexander’s death the empire was partitioned; a series of murder: exterminated royal family; Anti pater gov. of Macedonia, seized the crown 0! the kingdom, but his descendants were unable to retain it. It fell into hands o:! Demetrius, ruler of The aly, 294, was seized by Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, 287 and by Lysimachus, king of Thrace, 286 placed Lysimachus, 281, but was mur. dered by Ptolemy Ceraunos, 280 Ptolemy made himself master of Mace. donia, but Babylonia was occupied bjs and Pyrrhus enjoyed brief and troubled rule, till finally power fell into hands of 276.. He drove back Gauls, whose in. cursions had become serious danger, and made Macedonia again a strong king: dom, but Asia, separated finally, had definitely become eastern empire unde Seleucids, and Egypt formed brilliant kingdom of Ptolemies. Anti go nids resumed old Macedoniar position of chief Gk. power, but future history hung on relations with new im: perial power, Rome. Philip III., 220. 179, was forced to make treaty, afte defeat by Romans at Cynoscephalae 197, agreeing to confine his activity t Macedonia and make no war withou' permi ion of Rome; after battle o Pydna, 168, Macedonia was divided int four provinces with local autonomy, bu dependent on Rome; revolt crushed b;: Se Me tell us at second battle of Pydaa, 148, = after which Boa er was formed into Rom. province, 46, with Illyria; & gradually broke up; ended with Rom. annexation of Syria, 64. Egypt was * conquered by Rome, 30. i MACEIO (9° 40’ 8. 35° 51’ w,,| 5 seaport town, capital, Alagoas, Brazil; » _ exports cotton, rum, sugar. Pop. 33,000. » town, capital, Macer at a, Italy; has univ. > and cathedral; various industries. Pop. town, 23,000; province, 26,000. MacGAHAN, JANUARIUS _nalist; 6. near New Lexington, Ohio; @. in Constantinople. During the _ Franco-Pru ian war of 1870 he was with General Bourbaki as correspondent for the N. Y. Herald. He was the only American to remain in Paris throughout the Commune. In 1873, after many hardships, he joined the Ru ian army before Khiva and his reports from the front became famous. He was in Cuba for the Virgin i us affair and with the army of Don Carlos in Spain during the Car list uprising. Captured by the - Republicans he was condemned to death and only freed by the intervention of the American minister. In 1876 he was with the Turkish army for the London Daily News and his story of the atrocities on Bulgarians made a deep impre ion. During the Ru o-Turkish war he contracted a fever while nursing a friend from which he died. In 1884 the Ohio Legislature had his body removed to New Lexington. Author, Campaigning on the Oxus, 1874; » Under the Northern Lights, 1876, and Turkish Atrocities in ' Bulgaria. 68), Irish-Canadian politician and poet; emigrated, 1842, but returned and became a ociate of O’Connell in Young Ireland movement; edited Amer. Celt, 1850-57; retired to Montreal and be- ‘came prominent member of Canadian Parliament; a a inated for denunciation of Fenians. (1861), American theologian and author; b.in Sanquoit, New York. He graduated from the Western Reserve University in 1882; Union Theological Seminary in 1885 and studied in Germany, France, and Italy. Instructor of Church History, Lane Theological Seminary, 1890; profe or of same, 1890-1893, and since rofe or of Church History, Union heological Seminary. His History of Christianity in the Apostolic Age brought such a storm of criticism that he left the Presbyterian Church and joined the Congregationalists, but retained his profe orship. Author, Dialogue Between a Christian and a Jew, 1888; The Apostles Creed, 1902; Protestant Thought Before Kant, 1911; Martin Luther, 1911. He translated Eusebius’ Church History MacGILL, PATRICK (1890); Irish author; worked in his youth as a surface man, navy, etc.; joined army at outbreak of World War and was wounded at Loos 1915. Author of Gleanings from a Navvy’s Scrap-Book, Songs of a Navvy, Songs of the Dead End, The Amateur Army, The Red Horizon, Soldier | Songs, The Brown Brethren, Glen morn an, etc. - McGILL UNIVERSITY, at Montreal, Canada; incorporated 1823 and named after the founder, Hon. James McGill, who donated land and $50,000. It was opened in 1829. The administration is in the hands of the governors, principal, and fellows who make up the corporation, supreme authority resting with the Crown, represented by the governor of Canada as visitor. The University includes McGill College, Royal Victoria College for Women, Montreal, Mac Donald College, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, and other affiliated colleges outside the city. There are five faculties; art, applied science, law, medicine, agriculture; a graduate school, conservatory of music, and normal school. Citizens of Montreal and graduates gave $4,000,- 000, and the Rockefeller Foundation $1,000,000 to the University in 1921. Income about $1,000,000. Students, 2,665. In Extension Course, 971. Lecturers and teachers, 200. 1852), Scot. naturalist; especially devoted to zool., and author of a cla ic History of British Birds. His s. John, also a naturalist, was author of the account of the Voyage Round. the World of H.M.S. Rattlesnake. Roman Catholic priest; 6. in New York; d. in Newburg, N. Y. He was educated at the Church of the Propoganda, Rome, and from 1866 was pastor of St. Stephens, New York City. He supported Henry George when he ran for mayor. Censured by the church he was called to Rome, but declined to go on the plea of ill-health. In 1887 he was ex-communicated by the Pope. Father McGlynn was founder and president of the Anti-Poverty Society. In 1893 he was accorded a hearing by Monsignor Satolli, the Papal delegate, and showed that his views were not in conflict with the church, after which the ban of ex-comMcHENRY FORT nication was removed. He died pastor of St. Mary’s Church, Newburg, maxis i FORT. A former United States military post established in 1794 on Whetstone Point, Patapsco River, three miles eG Md. id September 14,, it was bomOn hatded he a British fleet under Admiral Cock burn without results. The heroic defense of the fort inspired The Sitar Spangled Banner.