Chili

Republic of S. America, between the crest of the Andes and the Pacific, from Cape Horn to 16° 30′ s. lat. Length ab. 2,300 m.; average breadth ab. 130 m.; area ab. 293,970 sq. m. Most of the country is mountainous, consisting of the western slopes of the Andes, which leave but a narrow strip of level land along the coast. It is mainly deficient in rainfall, but has a great extent of sea coast, on which are several fine harbors. It has great mineral wealth, a fertile soil and a large commerce. Its railroads had an extent in 1890 of 1,700 m. The capital is Santiago; Val para i so is the leading seaport. The Araucanians, who still occupy the s. part, repelled Almagro 1535, and were troublesome till 1722, though Valdivia had acquired most of the country by 1550. It was a Spanish viceroyalty till 1810: the war of independence ended 1826. The constitution of 1824 was revised 1833. War with Bolivia and Peru, 1879-83, resulted in an extension of territory. Pres. Balmaceda, aiming at arbitrary power 1888, was opposed by Congre and the navy and overthrown 1891: this contest threatened to involve the U. S. Pop., in 1892, 2,867,375. Chilian Mill. Ore-crushing machine, in which the work is accomplished by the rolling of heavy wheels over the ore. IMG:content-0855.jpg:[blocks in formation] table substances, and the genital openings are on the coxal joint of the second pair of legs. Iulis and Glomeris are examples. Chilon, 6th century B.C. One of the seven sages of Greece. Chilopod a (CENTIPEDES). Order of Myriapod a , characterized by a flattened body, each joint of which carries but one pair of legs. The head bears a pair of long, many-jointed antennæ, and strong insect-like biting jaws. The segment just back of the head bears the poison glands in a pair of large appendages that terminate in perforated hooks. In the tropics centipedes may attain a foot in length and secrete enough poison to make a dangerous bite. Scolopendra and Lithobius are examples.