An a tribe

( Med. ). Friction all over the body. Anaux'ite, n. ( Min.) A greenish-white, pearly, granular variety of Cimolite. 18 Ana'va, a river of Brazil, and a tributary of the Branca 19 20 or Parima. Length abt. 200 m. Anavelha'na, a river of Brazil, and an affluent of the Rio Negro, into which it falls near Toroma. Length abt. 200 m. Anaxagoras, one of the principal Ionic philosophers, B. at Clazomene, в. с. 500. He visited Egypt, and went to Athens, where he formed an intimacy with Pericles. His principle was, "from nothing comes nothing." He adopted, therefore, the idea of a chaos, and as the primary element of all bodies, a kind of atoms, of the same nature as the bodies which they formed. These atoms, in themselves motionle , were, in the beginning, put in motion by another equally eternal, immaterial, spiritual, elementary being, which he called Intelligence . He contended that the real existence of things, perceived by our senses, could not be demonstrably proved, and considered reason as the source of truth. On account of this principle, many have regarded him as the first theist among the philosophers. D. 428 в. с. Anaximan'der, a philosopher of Miletus, в. 610 в. с. He discovered, or taught at least, the inclination of the elliptic, and was the first to use figures to illustrate the propositions of Geometry. His system seems to have been that infinity is the origin of all existence, from which all emanates, and to which everything returns. The number of worlds is, according to him, infinite. D. 546 в. с. Anaxim'enes, a philosopher of Miletus, flourished about 556 в. с. He was a disciple of Anaximander, from whose doctrines he, however, deviated. According to him, the air is the infinite, divine, perpetually active, first principle of all things. Pliny attributes to him the invention of the sun-dial. 1 An'bert Kend. [Hind., the cistern of the waters of life. A celebrated book of the Brahmins, wherein the Indian religion and philosophy are contained. It is divided into 50 beths or discourses, each consisting of 10 chapters. It has been translated into Arabic, under the title of Morat al Maani, i, e., the marrow of intelligence. An'bury, n. ( Farriery .) An AMBURY, q. v. 1. Tarsal.-2. Peroneal. 3. Posterior tibial.-4. Anterior tibial. 5. Femoral. 6. Піас. 7. Sacral.-8. Renal.-9. Intercostal. 10. Art-11. Subclavian.-12. Carotid.-13. Vertebral.-14. Temporal.-15. Curvature of the Aorta. 16. Axillary.-17. Brachial. 18. Cœliac. 19. Mesenteric arteries. - 20. Radial.-21. Ulnar. See ARTERY. Eras i stratus defined more particularly the structure of the brain, and discovered and named the valves in the vena cava. - The Romans did not apply themselves to anatomy for a long time. Arch a gath us was the first Greek physician established in Rome, and he was banished the city on account of the severity of his operations. Asclepiades flourished in Rome in the time of Pompey, and attained a very high reputation. One Ca ius, commonly thought to be a pupil of Asclepiades, accounted for the right side of the body becoming paralytic on hurting the left side of the brain, in the same manner as has been done by the moderns, viz.: by the cro ing of the nerves from the right to the left side, , From the time of Asclepiades to the second century. physicians seem to have been greatly encouraged in An'caster, in Ontario, a post-village and township of Went worth co., 8 miles W.S.W. of Hamilton. Ancen'is, a town of France, dep. of Loire-inférieure, on the Loire, 21 m. E.N.E. of Nantes; poр . 4,628. An'cestor, n. [Fr. ancêtres , pl.; from Lat. antece or, one who goes before.] One from whom a person descends. either by the father or mother; a progenitor; a forefather. Ancestors. All nations, in any way civilized, have paid respect to the memory of their ancestors. Some have gone so far as to offer them religious homage. The Bible abounds in genealogies, and modern travellers state, that the same pride of descent prevails among the Arabians, Persians, . Men of rank in the East are frequently entertained with songs in praise of their ancestors a custom which prevailed in Greece and Rome, and throughout Europe in the middle ages. There is hardly any age which does not furnish many instances some even in the shape of political institutions, of an erroneous transfer to a man's posterity of the honor belonging to himself, by which a natural and laudable feeling has been made the source of much injustice, and moral and political confusion. Another very common fault, into which mankind constantly fall, is that of suffering reverence felt for the persons of ancestors to produce an undue respect for their knowledge and wisdom, -an error which arises, perhaps, partly from the idea of age and experience attached to that of ancestors. The age and experience of living ancestors demand our respect, and the same feeling is transferred to the dead and to former ages, which, in point of fact, were younger and Le experienced than we. Individuals and whole nations act as if wisdom belonged only to the dead. The Americans are noted for the esteem in which they hold their ancestors, but they do not look to the past ages as to the only model to be imitated. The true feeling of respect to ancestors has been admirably expre ed by one of their orators, who said: "Let us not act as they did, but as they would have acted to-day." (Law . ) One that has gone before in a family; it differs from predece or, in that it is applied to a natural person and his progenitors, while the latter is applied to a corporation, and those who have he'd offices before those who now fill them. Ancesto'rial, a . Ancestral. An'cestral, a. Relating to, or having been done by one's ancestors. That which belonged to one's ancestor. (Law.) Ancestral estates are such as come to the po e or by descent. An'cestre , n . A female ancestor. An'cestry, n. [From ancestor.] Lineage; a series of ancestors, or progenitors; the persors who compose the lineage. Hence, the honor of descent; birth. "Title and ancestry render a good man more illustrious, but an ill one, more contemptible."- Add is on . Anch'ilops, n. The same as ÆGILOPS, q. v. Anchi's es, son of Capys, and great-grandson of Troas. Venus, captivated by his beauty, appeared to him on Mount Ida, (according to some, near the river Simois,) in the shape of a Phrygian shepherde , and bore him Æneas. His son carried him off on his shoulders at the burning of Troy, and made him the companion of his voyage to Italy. He died during the voyage, in Sicily. According to other accounts, Jupiter killed A. with a thunder-bolt, because, when excited with wine, he betrayed the secret of his intimacy with Venus. Anch'olme, a river of England, rising in Lincoln shire, and joining the Humber 9 miles from Glanford Brigg. Anchor, ( ăng'kur ,) n. [Lat. anchor a; Fr. ancre.] ( Naut .) A heavy iron instrument cast or dropped from a ship inte the water in a harbor or roadstead, to retain her in a convenient station there, the several parts of which are shown in the accompanying figure.- A . were origi IMG:content-0222.png:[blocks in formation] arm is joined by by the shank. H. The palms, or flukes. L. The bill, or peak. The end of the shank, on A , is called a nut. nally mere weights; at present they are so contrived as to sink into the earth as soon as they reach it, and to bear a great strain before they can be loosened or dislodged. The number of anchors carried at both the bows and stern of a ship have been finally reduced to four principal, and these all at the bows. The anchors supplied to men-of-war are the best and small bowers , the sheet, and the spare ; these are of the largest size; to which are added, the stream and the kedge , which are used for particular or for temporary purposes. Since there is but small difference in the form of anchors of different weights, the stream of a large ve el serves for the bower of a smaller. "An A. comes home , when it loses its hold of the ground, by the violence of the sea or wind; in which case, as the ve el drifts , the anchor drags. To cast A. , is to release it from the cathead by letting run the cathead-stoppers, that it may fall to the bottom, and so hold the ve el. To lie at A. , or riding at A.; the situation of a ve el which is kept in a particular place by her A. resting on the ground. - To back an A.; to lay out or plant a smaller A. ahead of the large one by which the ve el rides; the cable of the forme (Arch.) See ECHINUS. IMG:content-0223.png:[blocks in formation] -v. n. To cast anchor; as, the ship anchored in the harbor. Figuratively, to stop; to rest; to rest upon; as, "My intention anchors on Isabel." - Shaks . Anch'orable, a . Fit for anchorage. Anch'orage, n. [Fr. ancrage.] A suitable place to drop an anchor. The hold of the anchor. The dues duty paid for the liberty of anchoring in a port. tinct or i a , or alkanet, obtained by acting on the root with boiling absolute alcohol or ether. An'chylose, v . a. [See ANCHYLOSIS.] To make stiff; to fix immovably, as a joint. Anchylo's is, n. [Gr. from agchylomai, to bend.] (Med.) A stiff joint. It is divided into the true and spu- rio us, according as the motion is entirely or but partly lost. This state may arise from various causes, as tume- faction of the ends of the bones, caries, fracture, dislo- cation, ., also dropsy of the joint, fleshy excrescences, aneurisms, and other tumors. It may also be owing to the morbid contraction of the flexor muscles, induced by the limb being long kept in a particular position, as a relief to pain, after burns, mechanical injuries, . The rickets, white swellings, gout, rheumatism, palsy, from lead particularly, and some other disorders, often lay the foundation of anchylosis; and the joints are very apt to become stiff in advanced life. Where the joint is perfectly immovable, little can be done for the patient; but in the spurious form of the complaint, the first thing is to remove, if po ible, any cause mechani- cally obstructing the motion of the joint, and then to get rid of the morbid contraction of the muscles. If inflammation exist, this must be first subdued by proper means, but no rapid improvement is to be expected in general. Anchylot'ic, a. Belonging to anchylosis. Ancient, a. [Fr. ancien , from Lat. antea , ante , before.] Old; that happened long since; of old time; not modern. "Witne those ancient empires of the earth."- Milton . Anch'ored, or ANCRED, p. a. ( Her .) Having the extremities turned back, like the flukes of an anchor; as, an anchored cro .