Pope

(pop.) (From L. papa, a father.] (Eccl.) The supreme or sovereign pontiff of the Rom. Cath. Church. According to the Roman Catholic faith, the Pope derives his power from being the succe or of St. Peter, the rock upon which Christ was to build his Church. He is therefore the visible head of the Church, the invisible head being Jesus Christ. The Roman Catholics maintain that the bishop of Rome has always been recognized as superior to all other Christian bishops, while the Protestant historians state generally his supremacy from the 4th century. The mode of electing popes is noticed under CONCLAVE (q. v.); and an account of their temporal power, now vanished, will be given under STATES OF THE CHURCH (9. v.). For the history of all the popes from St Peter down to Pius IX., see their different names. -P. is also the title applied to all priests of the Greek and Ru o-Greek Church. Pope, ALEXANDER, an eminent English poet and satirist, B. in London, 1688; D. 1744. His verse is famous for its easy numbers, its keenne of satire, and its brilliance of polish. As a master of invective and sarcasm, he has scarce a rival. His E ay on Man; Rape of the Lock; E ay on Criticism; Pastorals; Imitations of Horace; The Dunciad, a satire; and the translations of the lliad and Ody ey, are among his best productions. P. also excelled as a prose-writer, as witne his celebrated Letters. Pope, JOHN, an American general, B. in Illinois, 1823. After graduating at West Point, he served in the Mexican War, and became a brigadier-general of volunteers in 1861, and in June, 1862, obtained command of the Army of Virginia, which command he resigned in Sept., after meeting with a severe defeat at Bull Run, byGen. Stonewall Jackson, on the 29-30th Aug. In 1867, he was given the control of the 3d Military District. Pope, in Arkansas, a N.W. central co.; area, 900 sq. m.; C. Norristown. Pop. 8,386. - In Illinois, a S. by E. co., b. by Kentucky; area, 370 sq. m.; C.Golconda. Pop. 11,437.- In Minnesota, a W. central co.; area, 720 sq. m.; C. Glen wood. Pop. 2,691. [s. 722]