shaleoil (shaloil)

The trade name of a cer tain grade of naphtha. shalkt, n. [ME., also schalk, He translated it into latyn for likyng to here; But he shope it so short that no shalke might Haue knowlage by course how the case felle. Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), L. 72. shalll (shal), originally v. t., now only auxiliary. Pres. 1 shall, 2 shalt, 3 shall, pl. shall; imperf. 1 should, 2 shouldest or shouldst, 3 should, pl. should. Shall has no participles, no imperative, and no infinitive. [A defective verb, cla ed with can, may, will, etc.: (1) Pres. 1st and 3d pers. shall, also dial. (Sc.) sall, sal, zullen ) = OHG. scal, scol, sal, sol (pret. scolta, solta, inf. scul an, scolan, solan, suln), MHG. sol (pret. solte, inf. scholn, soln ), G. soll (pret. sollte, inf. sollen ) = Icel. skal (pl. skulum, pret. skyldi, skyldu, inf. skulu ) = Sw. skall (pret. skulle, inf. skol a ) = Dan. skal (pret. skulde, inf. skulle ) = Goth. skal (pl. skulum, pret. skulda, inf. skulan ); a preterit-present verb, the AS. sceal, etc., being orig. pret., from Teut. ✔ skal, owe, be in debt, be liable (whence also AS. scyld = D. G. schuld = Sw. skuld, skull = Dan. skyld, fault, debt, guilt); cf. Lith. skelu, I am indebted, skilti, owe, be liable; L. scelus, guilt (> E. scel erate, scelerous, etc.); Skt. ✔ skhal, stumble.] A.t As an independent transitive verb. To owe; be indebted or under obligation for. Lhord, ich ne habbe huer-of maki the yeldinge; uoryef me thet ich the el. Ayenbite of Inwyt (E. E. T. S.), p. 115. By that feith I shal to God and yow. Chaucer, Troilus, iii. 1649. Euerych cart[load of wool] y-seld in the town, to men out of fraunchyse, shal to the kynge of custome an halpeny. English Gilds (E. E. T. S.), р. 355. If then we shall [that is, are to] shake off our slavish yoke, Imp out our drooping country's broken wing, Away with me! Shak., Rich. II., ii. 2. 291. A man would be laugh'd at by most people who should maintain that too much money could undo a nation. That man would do a great and permanent service to the ministry who should publish a catalogue of the books in history Southey, Wesley, I. 309, note (quoted in F. Hall's False [Philol., p. 49). In the older writers, as for instance in the authorized Chaucer , Nun's Priest's Tale, 1. 127. version of the Bible, shall was used of all three persons. Men seyn that sche schalle so endure in that forme. Mandeville , Travels, p. 23. For ye shul nat tar ye, Though in this toun is noon apotecarie, I shal myself to herbes techen yow. I should report that which I say I saw, But know not how to do it. Whose worcheth bi wil, wrath the maketh ofte; I sigge hit bi thi-seluen, thou schalt hit sone fynde. Piers Plowman (A), iv. 57. Lord, howe ze vs lere, Full wele we take rewarde, And cert is we schall not rest. shallop (shal'op), n. [= G. schaluppe , chaluppe = Sp. Pg. chalupa = It. scialuppa , а shallop; origin unknown, but prob. Amer. or E. Ind. Cf. sloop .] A light boat or ve el, with or without a mast or masts; a sloop. A little bote lay hoving her before;... Into the same shee lept, and with the ore Did thrust the shallop from the floting strand. IMG:content-0781.png:[blocks in formation] (b) In the second and third persons shall implies author- ity or control on the part of the speaker, and is used to expre (1) promise: as, you shall receive your wages; (2) command: as, thou shalt not steal; (3) determination: as, you shall go. My gla shall not persuade me I am old, So long as youth and thou are of one date. Ne'er stare nor put on wonder, for you must Endure me, and you shall . York Plays , р. 152. The London fleet of twenty sail (whose admiral shall be Captain Philpot, a Kentish man, who heretofore fought a duel between the two armies in the Low Countries), being all ready, have this fortnight been suing for their despatch. Court and Times of Charles I., I. 161. Shall , like other auxiliaries, is often used with an ellipsis of the following infinitive. Men dreme of thing that nevere was ne shal. Chaucer , Nun's Priest's Tale, 1. 274. It shall [sc. go] to the barber's with your beard. Shak ., Hamlet, ii. 2. 521. From the Devil they came, and to the Devil they shalt [sc. a uredly go]. Baker , Chronicles, p. 58. You have not pushed these diseased neither with side nor shoulder, but have rather strewed their way into the Palace with flowers, as you should. Bunyan , Pilgrim's Progre , ii. 3. The past tense should , besides the uses in which it is merely the preterit of shall , as above, has acquired some peculiar uses of its own. In some of these uses should represents the past subjunctive, not the past indicative. It is not used to expre simple past futurity, except in indirect speech: as, I said I should [was to] go; I arranged that he should [was to] go. Should is often used to give a modest or diffident tone to a state- ment, or to soften a statement from motives of delicacy or politene : thus, 'I should not like to say how many there are' is much the same as 'I hardly like,' or 'I do not like,' etc. Similarly, 'it should seem' is often nearly the same as 'it seems.' The distinctions in the uses of shall and will and of should and would are often so subtle, and depend so much upon the context or upon subjective conditions, that they are frequently mi ed by inaccurate speakers and writers, and often even by writers of the highest rank. There is a tendency in colloquial English to the exclusive use of will and (except after a conditional word) would . See will1 . Cæsar should [would] be a beast without a heart If he should stay at home to-day for fear. Shak ., J. C., ii. 2. 42. I will win for him an I can; if not, I will [shall] gain nothing but my shame and the odd hits. Shak., Hamlet, v. 2. 183. Nay, if you find fault with it, they shall [will] whisper, tho I did not like it before; I'll ha' no body wiser than myself. Wycherley, Gentleman Dancing-Master, iv. 1. =Syn. Ought , Should. See ought2 . shall2 (shal), n. [Ar.] An African siluroid fish of the genus Synod on tis ; specifically, S. schal of the Nile, a kind of catfish with a small mouth, long movable teeth in the lower jaw, a nuchal buckler, and six barbels. Also schal. Shak ., Sonnets, xxii. shalli (shal'i), n. [Also challi , challis ; appar. same as Anglo-Ind. shalee , shaloo , sālu , a soft twilled cotton stuff of a Turkey-red color.] A red or otherwise colored cotton stuff or piece-goods of soft texture, made in India, and much worn by the poorer natives. The later and finer shallis of England and France seem to be modi- fications of the Indian fabric. (c) Interrogatively, shall or will is used according as the one or the other would be used in reply, and accordingly 'shall I go?' ' shall we go?' ' shall he go?' ' shall they go?' ask for direction, or refer the matter to the determination of the person asked that is, ' shall I go?' anticipates the answer 'you shall go.' Pan. But will you tell me? Shall I marry? Trouil . Perhaps. Urquhart, tr. of Rabelais, iii. 36. I was employ'd in pa ing to and fro, About relieving of the sentinels: Then how or which way should they first break in? Shak., 1 Hen. VI., ii. 1. 71. (d) After conditionals, such as if or whether , and after verbs expre ing condition or supposition, shall expre es simple futurity in all persons, the idea of restraint or nece ity involved originally in the word shall being ex- cluded by the context-thus: IMG:content-0782.png:[blocks in formation] A large investment of piece-goods, especially of the coarse ones, Byrampauts, chelloes, and others, for the Guinea market. Grose, Voyage to the East Indies, I. 99. shallon (shal'on), n. [Amer. Ind. (reported in this form by Lewis and Clarke); cf. salal - berry .] The salal-berry, Gaultheria Shallon . shalloon (sha-lön'), n. [ chal on , chaloun , a coverlet (see chal on ) (= Sp. chal on , chalun = MHG. schalūne, G. schalun, shalloon), chalons (cf. F. ras de Chálons , Chalons cloth), so called from Chalons , F. Châlons - sur - Marne , a town in France, Catalauni , a tribe that lived in the neighborhood. For similar cloth- names of local origin, see cambric, must in, worsted, etc.] A light woolen stuff used for the linings of coats and for women's dre es. Shalloon , a sort of woolen stuff, chiefly used for the lin- ings of coats, and so call'd from Chalons , a city of France, E. Phillips , 1706. where it was first made. Insipid taste, old friend, to them who Paris know, Where rocombole, shallot , and the rank garlic grow. W. King , Art of Cookery, L. 336. shallow1 (shal'ō), a.and n. [ owe , shallow, prob. lit. 'sloping, shelving,' for * schelowe , sceolh (in comp. scelg- , sceol- , scul-, scyl- ), sloping, oblique, squint (found only in comp. scelg - egede , sceol - egede , scul - ēgede , scyl- egede, scyl-eágede, sceol - ege , sceol - ige , squint- eyed), = MD. schelwe , scheel , D. scheel = MLG. schel OHG. scelah (scelh-, scelaw-), MHG. schelch, schel ( schelh- , schelw-), G. scheel , slop- ing, crooked, squint, = Icel. skjalgr , oblique, wry, squint (as a noun, applied to the crescent moon, to a fish, and as a nickname of a person), = Sw. dial. skjalg , oblique, wry, crooked (not found in Goth.); perhaps, with a formative gut- tural, from a base * skel = Gr. σκολιός , crooked, wry, akin to σκαληνός , uneven, scalene, σκελλός , crook-legged: see scoliosis , scalene. The sense 'shallow' appears only in E. The E. forms are somewhat irregular, the ME. forms shalow , schalowe being a ociated with other forms of Scand. origin, schald , schold , etc., early mod. E. shold, E. shoal , Sc. shaul , shallow, which, to- gether with the related verbs shaill and shelve2 , exhibit variations of the vowel, as well as ter- minal variations due to the orig. guttural. See shoal, shaill, shelve2, shelf2.] I. a. 1. Not deep; of little depth: as, a shallow brook; a shallow place; a shallow ve el or dish. Deep sounds make le er noise than shallow fords. Shak., Lucrece, 1. 1329. My wit's too shallow for the least Designe Of thy drad Counsails sacred, and divine. There is a tide in the affairs of men Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune; Omitted, all the voyage of their life IMG:content-0783.png:[blocks in formation] shallow The rudd, or red-eye, is the shallow of the Cam. Yarrell, Hist, British Fishes. (Latham.) shallow-brained (shal'ō-brand), a . Of no depth of intellect; empty-headed. To this effect the policie of playes is verie nece arie, however some shallow - brayned censurers (not the deepest serchers into the secrets of gouernment) mightily oppugne them. Nashe, Pierce Penile e, p. 59. shallow-hearted (shal'ō-härted), a. Incapable of deep or strong feeling or affection. Ye sanguine, shallow - hearted boys! Shak., Tit. And., iv. 2. 97. shall owling (shal'ō-ling), n. [ Can Wee suppose that any Shall owling Can finde much Good in oft-To bac coning? Sylvester, Tobacco Battered. shallowly (shal'ō-li), adv . In a shallow manner; with little depth; superficially; without depth of thought or judgment; not wisely. Most shallowly did you these arms commence. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., iv. 2. 118. shallowne (shal'ō-nes), n. The character of being shallow; lack of depth or profundity, either literally or figuratively; superficiality: as, the shallowne of a rive river; shallowne of mind or wit. 5547 They find themselves fooled and shammed into a conviction. Sir R. L'Estrange. Law. Why, I'm sure you joked upon me, and shammed me all night long. Man. Shammed ! prithee what barbarous law-term is that?. Free. Shamming is telling you an insipid dull Lie with a dull Face, etc. [see this quotation under sham, n., 2]. Wycherley, Plain Dealer, iii. 1. 2t. To obtrude by fraud or imposition. upon the world for current reason. Sir R. L'Estrange. 3. To make a pretense of in order to deceive; feign; imitate: as, to sham illne . We must have a care that we do not... sham fallacies But pray, why does your master pa only for ensign?now if he had shamm'd general indeed. Sheridan, The Rivals, i. 1. To sham Abraham, to pretend to be an Abraham-man; hence, as used by seamen, to pretend illne in order to avoid doing duty in the ship, etc. See Abraham - man. II. in trans. To pretend; make false pretenses; pretend to be, do, etc., what one is not, does not, does not mean, etc. IMG:content-0784.png:[blocks in formation] Many there are of the same wretched Kind, Whom their despairing Creditors may find Lurking in Shambles ; where with borrow'd Coin They buy choice Meats. Congreve, tr. of Juvenal's Satires, xi. 4. pl. A slaughter-house; a place of butchery: sometimes treated as a singular. Far be the thought of this from Henry's heart, To make a shambles of the parliament-house! ... Shak., 3 Hen. VI., i. 1. 71. I will therefore leaue their shambles , and will vis- ite their holies and holy places. Purchas , Pilgrimage, p. 844. Straightway Virgin i us led the maid a little space aside, To where the reeking shambles stood, piled up with horn and hide. Macaulay , Virginia, l. 148. 5t. In mining . See shammel , 2.- Clerk of the market and shambles. See clerk . shamblel (sham'bl), v . t .; pret. and pp. sham bled , ppr. shambling. [ shamble1 , n.] To Prior , To Fleet wood Shepherd. slaughter; destine to the shambles. [Rare.] Then all your Wits that fleer and sham , Down from Don Quixote to Tom Tram. He shammed ill, and his death was given publicly out in the French papers. Scott, Rob Roy, xxxvii. sham-Abraham (sham'a'bra-ham), a. Pre under sham, v. t. Some shallow - pated Puritan, in reading this, will shoot his Bolt, and presently cry me up to have a Pope in my Belly. Howell, Letters, iv. 36. shally-shallyt (shal'i-shali), adv. [An accom. adv. form of the repeated question Shall I shall I? marking hesitation; now by variation shilly-shally.] Same as shilly - shally. Why should I stand shally - shally like a Country Bumpkin? Steele, Tender Husband, iii. 1.