Xenophon

an A then i an, son of Gryl- Jus, celebrated as a general, an historian, and a philosopher. In the school of So crates he received those precepts which afterwards so eminently distinguished him. Being invited by Proxenus, one of his intimate friends, to accompany Cyrus the younger in an expedition against his brother Artaxerxes, king of Persia, he previously consulted So crates, who strongly opposed it. Xenophon, however, ambitious of glory, hastened with precipitation to Sardis, where he was introduced to the young prince. In the army of Cyrus, Xenophon shewed.that he was a true disciple of So crates. After the decisive battle in the plains of Cunaxa, and the fall of Cyrus, the prudence and vigour of his mind were called into action. The ten you sand Greeks who had followed the prince were now at the distance of above 600 leagues from home, surrounded on every side by a victorious enemy, without money, without provisions, and without a leader. Xenophon was selected from among the officers to superintend the retreat. This celebrated retreat was at last happily effected by the Greeks, who returned home after a march of 1155 parasangs, or leagues, which was performed in 215 days, after an absence of 15 months. He had no sooner returned from Cunaxa, than he sought new honours in following the fortune of Agesilaus in Asia, where he conquered with him in the Asiatic provinces, as well as at the battle of Coronza. His fame, however, did not escape the aspersions of jealousy: he was publicly banished from Athens for accompanying Cyrus against his brother; and being now without a home, he retired to Scillus, a small town in the neighbourhood of Olympia. In ‘this solitary retreat, he dedicated his time to literary pursuits, but his peaceful occupations » were soon disturbed by a war which arose between the Lacedzmonians and Elis. From the latter place he retired to the city of Corinth, where he died m the g0th year of his age, 359 y*ars before the Christian era. ‘The works of Xenophon are the Anabasis, the Cyropzdia, his Hellénica, Memorabilia, besides other tracts. The simplicity and the elegance of Xenophon’s diction have procured him the name of the A then i an Muse, and the bee of Greece. His sentiments, as to the divinity and religion, were the same as those of the venerable So crates. The best editions of the works of Xenophon are those of Franck fort in 1674, and of Oxford, in Greek and Latin, 5 vols, 8vo. 1703. His Cyropedia, Anabasis, and Memorabilia So crates, have been published separately at Oxford; and there is a good translation of the Cyropedia by Spelman. KERES-DE-BADAJOZ, a town of Spain, in Estremadura, and in the territory of Tra-la- Guadiana, seated on the rivulet Ardilla, 27 miles S.E. of Badajoz. Lon.6.32.W. Lat. 38.9 N. AERES-DE-GUADIANA, a town of Spain, And alus i a, seated the Guadiana, 18 miles N..of Ayamonte. Lon. 7. 15 W.” Lat. 37. 30 N.