PAREIRA

(Lat.), n. f. Pa2r(pasr)-i'(es'ia)-ras. Fr.,p., racine dep.-brava. Ger., P., Grieswurzel. Syn.: pareirceradix [Br. Ph.], p. brava. Of the U. S. Ph., the root (dried root [Br. Ph.]) of Chonaodendron to men to sum. A long, branching, tortuous, woody, thin barked root, externally brownish-gray, or sometimes quite black and marked with transverse ridges and cracks and longitudinal wrinkles. Cut transversely, it displays a porous woody ti ue with distinct medullary rays between which the substance is of a close, resinous, waxy appearance. It has a well-marked but not persistent bitter taste, and is without peculiar odor. Its composition is not fully known. Feneulle found in it a soft resin, a brown substance, a nitrogenous body, a yellow bitter principle, fecula, and various salts. An alkaloid (see PELOSINE), by Hanbury identified with buxine, has been isolated. P. is considered tonic, aperient, and diuretic, and has been used in calculus, leucorrhcea, dropsy, etc. It is now chiefly employed in chronic catarrhal cystitis. In Brazil it is used as a diaphoretic, diuretic, and emmenagogue, and a vinous infusion of the root is used internally in snake-bites, the bruised leaves of the plant being applied to the wound. [B, 5, 18, 121, 185 (a, 35).] Alcoole de p. (Fr.). See Tinctura pareirte. Common false p. brava. Of Hanbury, a spurious p. brava, containing pelosine and medicinally active, formerly common in commerce, consisting of the root and stem of an undetermined menispermaceous Brazilian plant long erroneously referred to Ci ampelos p. It has the internal structure of false p. (1st def.). and is easily distinguished from true p. by showing when cut a fibrous, woody surface, unlike the close, waxy texture of the true drug. Its decoction is not colored blue by iodine. [B, 5, 18 (a, 35).] Decocturn pareirae [Br. Ph.]. Fr., tisane de p. brava. A preparation made by boiling 1| oz. of p. in No. 20 powder for 15 minutes with 1 part of water, straining, and washing the residue with water enough to give a pint of decoction. [B, 95 (a, 38).] E entia pareirae. See Tinctura pareirce. Extractum pareirae [Br. Ph.] (aquosum). Fr., extrait aqueux de p.. extrait de p. brava. Ger., P'extrakt. A preparation made by digesting 1 Ib. of p. root in No. 40 powder with 1 pint of boiling water for 24 hours, treating in a percolator with more water until the p. is exhausted or 1 gallon of percolate is obtained, and evaporating to a pilular consistence. [B, 95 (a, 38).] Extractum pareirae fluidum [U. S. Ph.] (seu liquid n in [Br. Ph.]). Fr., extrait liquide dep. brava. Ger., flu iges P'extrakt. A preparation made by moistening 100 grammes of p. root, in No. 40 powder, with 40 of a mixture of 80 grammes of alcohol with 20 of glycerin, treating in a percolator with the rest of the menstruum and with more alcohol till the p. is exhausted, distilling off the alcohol from the first 85 c. c. of percolate, evaporating the residue to a soft extract, mixing the two, and bringing to 100 c. c. with alcohol [U. S. Ph.]; or by di olving 4 parts of extract of p. in enough of a mixture of alcohol with three times its volume of water to make 16 fluid parts of solution [Br. Ph.]. [B, 95 (a, 38).] False p. Fr.,fauxp. Ger., falsche P. 1. A drug without bitterne and apparently inactive, said by Hanbury to have supplanted in the English markets the common false p. brava. It consists almost entirely of stems, forming cylindrical sticks and truncheons covered with an easily detached bark in two layers, and displaying when cut transversely a well-defined pith in the centre, followed by a succe ion of concentric or eccentric zones alternating with layers of parenchyma. [B. 5, 18, 121, 180 (a, 35).] 2. See White p. brava. 3. See Yellow p. brava. 4. See P. brava (2d def.). 5. See West African p. brava. 6. See Common false P. brava. Fluid extract of p. See Extractum pareirce fluidum. Infusiim pareirae [U. S. Ph., 1870]. Fr., hydrole de p. A preparation made by macerating 1 oz. (troy) of bruised P. brava in 1 pint of boiling water, and straining. It is used in irritation and chronic inflammation of the genito-urinary tract. [B, 5 (a, 38).] P. brava. Ger., achte Grieswurzel (2d def.). 1. See P. 2. A bitter drug derived from Ci ampelos p., used as a substitute for true p. It consists of the root and stems of the plant, and differs from true p. in having no concentric layers of wood. [B, 5, 18, 180 (a. 35).] See also West African p. brava and other subheadings. Pareirae radix [Br. Ph.], P. root. See P. Radix pareirae brayae. See P. and P. brava (2d def.). Tinctura pareirae. Fr., teinture (ou alcoole) de p. A preparation made by digesting 1 part of p. root for some days in 5 parts of 22- per-cent. alcohol, and filtering. [B, 119 (a, 38).] Tisane de p. brava (Fr.). See Decocturn pareirce. West African p. bray a. The p. brava of the Portuguese of Zanzibar; a product, according to some, of Ampelopsis botrya. It consists of portions of both root and stem, and is brownish externally, yellow and brownish internally, with numerous eccentric zones in the larger pieces. A cro section displays in the centre a small star with a variable number of straight rays. [B, 5, 180 (a, 35).] White p. brava. Fr., p. brava blanc (ou grande). A false p., without odor or taste, derived E, he; E, ell; G, go; I, die; I", in; N, in; N", tank; [s. 216]