Centonism

Compilation from various authors; act of electric composition. Cen'tral, a . [Fr., from Lat. central is , from centrum.] Relating to the center; placed in the center or middle. Central America, Greater Republic of. Central America comprises the southern section of North America, between Mexico and Colombia, and embraces the five States of Nicaragua, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, and San Salvador, each of which will be found described under its appropriate heading. C. A. remained subject to Spain until 1823, when it gained its independence and a federal union of the five States was formed. This was di olved in 1839. Since then there have been attempts at federation and occasional hostile relations. In 1896 Honduras, Nicaragua and San Salvador formed a federal union under the title of the Greater Republic of Central America. There is reason to believe that the two remaining States will join the union. Central City, in Colorado , cap. of Gilpin co. Situated in the gold region, 8,300 feet above tide; in Ill . , a vill. of Marion co.; in Iowa , a P. O. of Linn co.; in Kan ., & vill. of Anderson co.; in Nebraska , cap. of Merrick co. Central College, in Ohio , a post-office of Franklin co. Central Falls, in Rhode Island , a village of Smith field township, Providence co., on the Black stone River, 1 mile N. of Pawtucket. Central Forces, n . pl . ( Mech .) The powers which cause a moving body to tend towards, or recede from, the centre of motion. When a body is made to revolve in circle round some fixed point, it will have a continued body upon it would be equal, and where it will remain in equilibrium, having no tendency to move one way rather than another. C. of friction , is that point in the base of a body on which it revolves, in which, if the whole surface of the base and the ma of the body were collected and made to revolve about the centre of the base of the given body, the angular velocity destroyed by its friction would be equal to the angular velocity destroyed in the given body by its friction in the same time. C. of gravity. See GRAVITY. - C. of gyration . (Mech.) That point in a body revolving on an axis, into which, if the matter of the whole body were collected, the same angular velocity would be generated by the same moving force. - C. of motion of a body , a fixed point about which the body is moved; and the axis of motion is the fixed axis about which it moves. C of oscillation , the point in which the whole of the matter must be col- lected, in order that the time of oscillation may be the same as when it is distributed. C of percu ion, that point of a revolving body which would strike with the same force as if the whole of the matter were collected in it. C. of position. ( Mech .) A term denoting a point of any body, or system of bodies, so selected that the sit a at i on and motion of the body or system may be properly estimated by those points. C. of pre ure, or metacentre of a fluid against a plane, is that point against which a force being applied, equal and contrary to the whole pre ure, it will sustain it, so as that the body pre ed on will not incline to either side. - C. of spontaneous rotation , that point which remains at rest, the instant a body is struck, or about which the body begins to revolve. If a body of any size or form, after rotatory or gyratory motions, be left entirely to itself, it will always have 3 principal axes of rotation; that is, all the rotary motions by which it is effected may be constantly reduced to 3, which are performed round three axer perpendicular to each other, pa ing through the centre of gravity, and always preserving the same position in absolute space, while the centre of gravity is at rest, or moves uniformly forward in a right line. - C. of a lathe. (Turnery.) That cone with its axis which is horizontally posited for sustaining any body while it is turned. C. of a fleet. ( Naut .) That divi- sion of a fleet placed between the van and the rear when in line of battle and between the weather and lee divisions, in the order of sailing. Central Point, in Minnesota , a village of Goodhue co., on Lake Pepin, 15 m. below Red Wing. Central Provinces of British India. See INDIA. Cen'tral Square, in New York , a post-village of Oswego co., 20 m. N. of Syracuse, Central Station, in W. Virginia , a village of Dod--To be placed in the middle or central part. Cen'tre, v. i. To be collected to a point; as, to centre one's desires upon a thing, dridge co. "Our hopes must centre on ourselves alone." - Dryden. -v. a. To place or fix on a centre, or central point. "One foot he centred , and the other turn'd Round through the vast profundity obscure." Central Sun, n. (Astron.) The name given to the body about which the sun, and all the stars in the great cluster or nebula to which the sun belongs, is a umed -To collect to a point or central object. to be revolving. Cen'tral Village, or NORTH PLAIN FIELD, in Connecticut, a post-village in Plain field township, Windham co., on the Moosup River, 45 m. E. of Hartford. Pop . about 2,500. Central Village, in Ma achusetts, a P.O. of Bristol co. Cen'tre, (sometimes written CENTER,) n. [Fr., from Lat. Milton. "Thy thoughts are centred on thyself alone!" Dryden. Cen'tre, in Alabama , a post-village, cap. of Cherokee co.. 1 m. from Coosa River, and 140 N.N.E. of Montgomery. Centre, in Georgia , a post-village of Talbot co., 37 m. N. E. of Columbus City. Cen'tre, in Illinois, a twp. of Fulton co. See PUTNAM. centrum; Gr. kentron - kenteō , to prick, goad, or urge -A township of McHenry co. See DORR. on; literally, a prickle, a sharp point, a point. In its -A township of Bureau co.,-now merged in Wyanet twp. modern acceptation, the middle or central point, part. -A post-office of Schuyler co Cen'tre, in Indiana , a township of Boone co. -A township of Dear born co. A township of Greene co. around which anything is formed; as, the centre of at- -A township of Grant co. traction. -A township of Hancock co. ( Arch .) Any timber frame, or set of frames, for sup--A township of Hendricks co. porting the arch-stones of a bridge during the construc--A township of Howard co.; contains Kokomo tho tion of an arch. county seat. (Geom.) When applied to a curve or surface, C. de- -A township of Lake co. notes a point with respect to which all the points of the -A township of La Porte co. curve or surface are symmetrically situated; that is to -A township of Marion co. say, every right line through the C. of a curve or surface will cut the latter in points, which, taken two and two, are equi-distant from that C -A township of Marshall co., contains Plymouth the county-seat. -A township of Porter co. C. of an army. (Mil.) That part which constitutes A township of Posey co. the main body between the wings when drawn up in -A township of Ripley co. line. C. of a dial. ( Horol .) That point where the gno--A township of Rush co. mon or style, placed parallel to the axis of the earth, -A township of Spencer co. intersects the plane of the dial. C. of a conic section. -A township of Starke co. ( Math .) That point of a circle which bisects any di- -A township of St. Joseph's co. ameter, or that point in which all the diameters inter--A township of Union co., including Liberty, the county sect each other. This point in an ellipse is within the seat. figure, in the hyperbola without, and in the parabola it -A township of Vanderburg co. is at an infinite distance. - C. of a circle , that point in a -A township of Wayne co. circle which is equally distant from every point of the Centre, in Iowa , a flourishing town of All am akee circumference, being that from which the circle is decounty. scribed. C. of conversion, a mechanical term, the sig--A township of Appanoose со. nification of which may be thus conceived: if a stick be-A township of Cedar co. laid on stagnant water, and drawn by a thread fastened -A township of Clinton co. to it, so that the thread makes always the same angle with A township of Decatur co. it, the stick will be found to turn about a certain point, -A township of Dubuque co. which point is called the C. of conversion. C. of an -A township of Fayette co. equilibrium, is the same with respect to bodies immersed in a fluid as the C. of gravity is to bodies in free space; or it is a certain point on which, if a body, or system of bodies, be suspended, they will rest in any position. -A township of Guthrie co. -A township of Henry co. A township of Madison co. -A post-office of Dubuque co. C. of attraction. (Phys.) The C. of attraction of a body -A township of Wapello co. is that point into which, if all its matter were collected, Cen'tre, in Kansas , a flourishing township of At chis on its action upon any remote particle would still be the county. same as it is while the body retains its own proper -A township of Doniphan co. form; or it is that point to which bodies tend by their Cen'tre, in Kentucky , a post-office of Metcalfe co. own gravity, or about which a planet revolves as a Cen'tre, in Michigan , a village of Eaton co. centre, being attracted or impelled towards it by the Centre, in Mi i ippi , a flourishing township of New. action of gravity. The common centre of attraction of ton county. two or more bodies is used to denote that point in which, Centre, in New Jersey, a township of if a particle of matter were placed, the action of each county. 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Marcos Totogalpa EGA pisque VIEJO 6,2 The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia