MADRID

(1) Prov., New Castile, Spain (40° 30 N., 3° 40’ W.); belongs to basin of Tagus; climate arid; agriculture; granite, lime, gypsum, and free pop. 953,300. (2) Cap. of Spain and of above prov. (40° 25’ N., 3° 43’ W.), on Manzanares, in center of great sandy plateau over 2,100 ft. above sea-level, subject to extremes of heat and cold. Originally belonged to Moors, from. whom it finally pa ed to Alfonso VI. of Castile, 1083; cap. of Spain under Philip II., 1560; taken by French, 1808; occupied by Wellington, 1812; Ferdinand VII. restored, 1814, Witne ed marriage of Alfonso XIII. to Ena of Batten berg, 1906, when 2 bomb outrage occurred. Madrid is archiepisc. see, has cathedral. and many churches and monasteries. The principal street, Calle de Alcala, is: one of finest in Europe; site of univ., founded 1590, with observatory and magnificent library; numerous educational and charitable establishments. Contains royal palace, Cortes, royal picture gailery with splendid collection. of paintings by Velazquez, Rubens, Titian, and other masters; museums, libraries. Manufactures leather goods. tobacco, furniture, tapestry, gla , porcelain, gold and silver work. Pop,