Baring-Gould, Curious Myths of the Middle Ages, p

102. Krause (krou'ze), Gottlob Adolf. Born at Ockrilla, near Mei en, Germany, Jan. 5, 1850. An African traveler. He accompanied Mi Tinné to the Upper Nile in 1869, but returned before her murder. About 1879 he visited Sokoto and the Ahaggar Tuaricks. When a German expedition to the Niger and Binue was contemplated in 1883, he was sent to Lagos in order to prepare the ground. He has written on the Fulah and Ghat languages. Krause, Karl Christian Fried rich. Born at Eisenberg, Saxe-Altenburg, May 6, 1781: died at Munich, Sept. 27, 1832. A German philosopher, and writer on freemasonry. Krau (krous), Marie Gabrielle. Born at Vienna, March 23, 1842. A noted German soprano opera-singer. She made her début at Vienna in 1860, and has sung with succe in all the capitals of Europe. Krishna government of Pultowa, Ru ia, situated on the Dnieper 64 miles west-southwest of Pultowa. an important commercial center. Population (1891), 54,831. Kremlin (krem'lin). [From F. kremlin (with accom. F. term. -in) = G. kreml , from Ru . kremli , a citadel, fortre .] The citadel of Moscow, Ru ia. It is a highly picturesque and interesting triangular inclosure, about 11⁄2 miles in circuit, fortified with battlemented walls from which project cylindrical and square towers, many of them terminating in spires behind which rise the multiform domes and belfries of the churches, brilliant with gold and colors. The present walls date from 1492. The Kremlin contains the imperial palace, the cathedrals of the A umption, the Archangel Michael, and the Annunciation, the Miracle monastery, the Ascension convent, the arsenal, and the famous Great Bell. The Great Palace dates for the most part only from the middle of the present century, its predece ors having repeatedly been burned, the last one by the soldiers of Napoleon. It is a lofty structure of little architectural quality without, except for its great size, but of unusual richne within. Among the state apartments are the hall of St. George, the Alexander hall, the hall of St. Andrew, and the throne-room, all splendidly adorned with paintings, sculptures, and other works of art, all 68 feet wide, ranging from 100 to 200 feet long, and from 58 to 68 well as the Red Staircase, used only for grand functions and recalling many historic scenes from Ivan the Terrible and Peter the Great to Napoleon. The Treasury is ex high. Several of the chapels also are noteworthy, as tremely rich in ancient jewels and plate, including the old regalia: here also are the thrones of the last emperor of Constantinople and of the old Persian shahs, and the coronation-robes. Kremnitz (krem'nits), Hung. Körmöcz bánya (kėr'mėts bän'yo). A royal free city in the county of Bars, Hungary, situated in lat. 48° 43′ N., long. 18° 55′ E.: noted for its gold and silver-mines. Population (1890), 9,179. Krems (kremz). A town in Lower Austria, situated on the Danube 38 miles west-northwest of Vienna. Population (1890), commune, 10,584 . Kremsier (krem'zēr), Slav. Kroměříž (krō'myer-zhizh). A town in Moravia, Austria-Hungary, situated on the March 22 miles south by east of Olmütz. It was the seat of the Austrian Reichstag 1848-49. Population (1890), 12,480. Kreutzer (kroit's er), Konradin. Born near Me kirch, Baden, Nov. 22, 1780: died at Riga, Ru ia, Dec. 14, 1849. A German composer and conductor. He composed numerous operas, including "Conradin von Schwaben" (1812), "Das Nachtlager vor Granada" (1834), and "Der Verschwender"; an oratorio, "Die Sendung Mosis"; a one-act drama, "Cordelia"; and part-songs. Kreutzer (krėt-sar'), Rodolphe. Born at Versailles, France, Nov. 16, 1766: died at Geneva, Switzerland, June 6, 1831. A noted French violinist and composer. His chief work is forty "Études ou caprices pour le viol on." He also wrote thirty or forty operas, violin concertos, sonatas, etc. He was the friend of Beethoven, and to him Beethoven dedicated the famous "Kreutzer Sonata" for piano and violin, first played by Beethoven and Bridge tower at Augarten in May, 1803. Kreuzburg (kroits'börg). A town in the province of Silesia, Pru ia, situated on the Stober 52 miles east by south of Breslau. Population (1890), 7,550. Kreuznach, or Creuznach (kroits'näch). Á town and watering-place in the Rhine Province, Pru ia, situated on the Nahe 21 miles west-southwest of Mainz. It is noted for its springs (iodine and bromine). Population (1890), commune, 18,143. Kriemhild, or Chriemhild (krēmʼhild). [MHG. Krimhilt .] The legendary heroine of the "Nibelungenlied.” She was the daughter of King Gibich (whose seat was at Worms on the lower Rhine), the sister of the Burgundian princes Gunther, Gernot, and Giselher, and the wife of Siegfried. Afterward, as the wife of Etzel (Attila), king of the Huns, she encompa ed the death of her brothers, and avenged Siegfried's murder at their hands, but was herself slain. In the Old Norse version of counterpart is Gudrun. the legend in the drvolsunga Saga" and the "Edda," her Krik. A pseudonym of Henry G. Crick more, a writer on the turf and sporting matters. at Martins burg, W. Va., March 17, 1823: died Krimmitschau. See Crimmitschau . at Philadelphia, Jan. 2, 1883. An American Krimmler (krim'ler) Waterfalls. A series of theologian of the Luther an Church, profe or of mental and moral science and vice-provost in vice-provost the University of Pennsylvania. He published "The Conservative Reformation and its Theology" (1871), etc., and a "Vocabulary of the Philosophical Sciences, including William Fleming's “Vocabulary of Philosophy,” at and Basel, he of Church in 1877. Krayova. See Krajova . Kreek. See Creek. Krefeld. See Crefeld. Kremenetz (kre'me-nets). A town in the gov- ernment of Volhynia, Ru ia, situated in lat. Tubing an settered the seruditel 507 N., long. 25° 43′ E. Population, 11,398. Mi ionary Society 1837, and was sent to Aby in i a. Ex- Krementchug (krā-men-chög'). A town in the cascades in the Austrian Alps, north of the Gro -Venediger. Total height, 1,300 feet. Krishna (krish'nä). ['The black.'] A Hindu deity. Originally the ethnic god of some powerful confederation of Rajput clans, by fusion with the Vishnu of the older theology Krishna becomes one of the chief divinities of Hinduism. He is indeed an avatar of Vishnu, or Vishnu himself. In his physical character mingle myths of fire, lightning, and storm, of heaven and the sun. In the epic he is a hero invincible in war and love, brave, but above all crafty. He was the son of Vasudeva and Devaki, and born at Mathura, on the Yamuna, between Delhi and Agra, among the Yadavas. Like that of chany solar heroes, was beset with peril. On the night when it took his births parents eve from the reach of his uncle, King Kansa, who sought his life because he had Krishna been warned by a voice from heaven that the eighth son of Devaki would kill him, and who had regularly made away with his nephews at their birth. Conveyed acro the Yamuna, Krishna was brought up as their son by the shepherd Nanda and his wife Yashoda, together with his brother Balarama, 'Rama the strong, who had been likewise saved from ma acre. The two brothers grew up among the shepherds, slaying monsters and demons and sporting with the Gopis, the female cowherds of Vrindavana. Their birth and infancy, their juvenile exploits, and their erotic gambols with the Gopis became in time the e ential portion of the legend of Krishna, and their scenes are to-day the most celebrated centers of his worship. When grown, the brothers put their uncle Kansa to death, and Krishna became king of the Yadavas. He cleared the land of monsters, warred against impious kings, and took war of the sons of Pandu against those of Dhritarashtra, as described in the Mahabharata. He transferred his capital to Dvaraka ('the city of gates'), the gates of the West, since localized in Gujarat. There he and his race were overtaken by the final catastrophe. After seeing his brother slain, and the Yadavas kill each other to the last man, he himself perished, wounded in the heel, like Achilles, by the arrow of a hunter. The bible of the worship ers of Vishnu in his most popular manifestation, that of Krishna, consists of the Bhagavatapurana and the Bhagavadgita. See these words. Krishna. A river and district in India. See Kistna . Krishnagar (krish-na-gur'), or Kishnugur (kish-nu-gur'). The capital of Nadiya district, Bengal, British India, situated on the Jalangi 60 miles north of Calcutta. Population, about 26,000. Kri Kringle. See Cri Kingle . Kristineaux. See Cree. Kristinehamn, or Cristinehamn (kris-to'ne hämn). Atown in the laen of Karlstad, Sweden, situated on Lake Wener 20 miles east by south of Karlstad. Population (1890), 5,933. Kroia (kroi'ä), or Akhi ar (äk-his-sär'). A town in the vilayet of Skutari, Turkey, 28 miles northeast of Durazzo: a stronghold of Scanderbeg. Krolevetz, or Krollevetz (krō-lye'vets). A town in the government of Tchernigoff, Ru ia, 88 miles east of Tchernigoff. Population (1892), 13,208. Kronach, or Cronach (krō'näch). A small town in Upper Franc on i a, Bavaria, on the Kronach 55 miles north by east of Nuremberg. It was the birthplace of Lucas Cranach. Kronen berg, or Cronenberg (krō'nen-berg). A manufacturing town in the Rhine Province, Pru ia, 21 miles north-northeast of Cologne. Population (1890), 8,702. Kronoberg (krō'nō-berg), or Wexjö (veks'yė). A laen in southern Sweden. Area, 3,841 square miles. Population (1893), estimated, 158,304. Kronos (kron'os). See Cronus . Kronstadt, or Cronstadt (kron'stät), Hung. Riga, Ru ia, Nov. 11 (O. S.), 1764: died at Ka- rasu-Bazar, Ru ia, Dec. 13 (O. S.), 1824. A Rus- sian pietist and authore , friend of the czar Alexander I. She published "Valérie, oulettres de Gustave de Linar à Ernest de G." (1803), etc. Krug (krög), Wilhelm Traugott. Born at Ra- dis, near Gräfen hain i chen, Pru ia, June 22, 1770: died at Leipsic, Jan. 12, 1842. A German philosopher. He became profe or of philosophy at Frankfort-on-the-Oder in 1801, of logic and metaphysics at Königsberg in 1804 (where he was succe or to Kant), and of philosophy at Leipsic in 1809. He wrote "Funda- mentalphilosophie" (1803), "System der the ore tis chen Philosophie " (1806-10), etc. Krüger (krüg'er), Franz. Born at Radegast, De au, Sept. 3, 1797: died at Berlin, Jan. 21, 1857. A German portrait and horse-painter, often called "Pferde (Horse) Krüger." Krüger (krö'ger), Stephanus Johannes Paul. Born in Colesberg, Cape Colony, Oct. 10, 1825. A South African statesman, the president of the South African Republic. He was chosen a member of the Executive Committee of the Transvaal in 1872, and has four times served as president (1883-88, 1888-93, 1893-98, 1898-1900). Krumau (krömou). A town in southern Bo- hemia, situated on the Moldau 14 miles south- west of Budweis. Population (1890), commune, 8,331. Kru-men. See Kru . Krummacher (kröm 'mäch-er), Fried rich Adolf. Born at Tecklenburg, Westphalia, Pru ia, July, 1767: died at Bremen, April 4, 1845 1845. A German Protestant clergyman and re- ligious writer: best-known work, "Parabeln" ("Parables, 1805"). Krummacher, Fried rich Wilhelm. Born at Mörs, Pru ia, Jan. 28, 1796: died at Potsdam, Pru ia, Dec. 10, 1868. A German Protestant clergyman and religious writer, son of F. A. Krummacher. He wrote "Elias der This biter" (1828-33), “Elisa" (1837-41), etc. Krummacher, Gottfried Daniel. Born at Teck- lenburg, Westphalia, Pru ia, April 1, 1774: died at Elberfeld, Pru ia, Jan. 30, 1837. A German Protestant clergyman and religious writer, brother of F. A. Krummacher. Krupp (kröp), Alfred. Born at E en, Pru ia, April 26, 1812: died July 14, 1887. A German manufacturer. He obtained control in 1848 of an iron forge, employing three men, which was founded by his father in 1810 at E en, Pru ia. He introduced the Be e- mer-steel proce into Germany, was the first German manu- facturer to make use of the steam forging-hammer, and took a leading part in the technical development of the German iron and steel industry. He left at his death an establish- Bra broshsho Rumanian Brasov (bra Kruse (kröze), He in rich, Born at Stralsund, sov). The capital of the county of Kronstadt, Transylvania, Hungary, situated in lat. 45° 37′ N., long. 25° 30′ E. It is the commercial and manufacturing center of Transylvania. The chief building is the Protestant or "Black" church. It was founded at the beginning of the 13th century, and was the center of the Reformation in Transylvania. Population (1890), 30,739. Kronstadt, or Cronstadt. A seaport in the government of St. Petersburg, Ru ia, situated on the island of Kotlin-Ostroff, near the head of the Gulf of Finland, in lat. 60° N., long. 29° 46′ Ε. It is the port of St. Petersburg, and the chief seaport, naval fortre , and naval station of Ru ia. It has regular communication (by steamer) with Stockholm, Stettin, Lübeck, Havre, etc. It was founded by Peter the Great 1710. Population (1897), 59,539. Krook (krük), Mr. A drunkard, in Dickens's "Bleak House, se," who perishes by spontaneous combustion.