phosphorate (fosforat)

t.; pret. and pp. phosphorated, ppr. phosphorating. [ Matter, quantitatively defined, is "the moveable in space." In this point of view it is the object of a science we may call Phoronomy. E. Caird , Philos. of Kant, p. 489. 2. The inference of force from motion. phoroscope (for'ō-skōp), n. [ φορά , motion ( φέρειν = Ε. E. bear1 ), + σκοπεῖν , view.] An instrument for producing at a distance, by means phosphor-bronze (fos for-bronz), n . See bronze . bym of electricity, a copy of an image as ap image as a photograph. phosphor-copper (fos'for-kop"er), phosgen, phosgene (fos'jen, -jēn), n. Fbi nation of phosphorus with copper, prepared phosgène osgène =Pg. = Pg.phosgeno ; irreg. φῶς , contr. [F. by the reduction of phosphate of copper in a of φάος, light, + -γενής, -γενής, producing:: see- gen .] Carbonyl chlorid (COC12), a gas formed by the action of light on a mixture of carbonic oxid and chlorin. Below 8° C. it is a colorle fluid IMG:content-0055.png:[graphic] IMG:content-0056.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0057.jpg:[blocks in formation] = n. A com What is correctly termed phosphorescence has nothing to do with phosphorus, but it is merely a species of fluo Tait, Light, § 204. [= rescence. F.p phosphorescent (fos-fō-res'ent), a. and n. F.phosphorescent= t =Sp. fosforescente = Pg. phos phorescente phorescente = It. fosforescente; as phosphor + -escent. Cf. phosphoresce.] I. a. Shining with a faint light or luminosity like that of phosphorus; luminous without sensible heat. Various animals are phosphorescent; as, among infusorians, the noctilucas (see cut under Noctiluca ); among polyps, certain sea-pens ( Pennatula phosphore a, for example); among insects, the glow-worm and other beetles of the family Lampyridæ (see cuts under firefly, Lampyris, and lightning - bug ), and many bugs of the family Fulgoridæ (see cut under lantern - fly); among ascidians, the pугоsomes or fire bodies; and some fishes. A number of mineral substances exhibit a similar property after having been exposed to a bright light, though from a different cause, as calcium chlorid, anhydrous calcium nitrate, the sulphids of barium, strontium, calcium (luminous paint), diamond, some varieties of fluor-spar, apatite, borax, and many other substances. Some mineral bodies become phosphorescent when strongly heated, as a piece of lime. See phosphorescence. - Phosphorescent dial, paint, photograph, etc. See the nouns. II. n. A substance having the property of phosphorescence, or luminosity without heat. The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia IMG:content-0059.png:[blocks in formation] How the lit lake shines, a phosphoric sea, And the big rain comes dancing to the earth! the graves of all mankind; and from each i ued the faint phosphoric radiance of decay. Poe , Tales, I. 334. drogen may in like manner be replaced by alcohol rad i- cals, forming acid and neutral ethers. Phosphoric acid is used in medicine as a tonic. phosphori cal (fos-for'i-kal), a . [ n . [NL., phosphorus (see Phosphor ) + Gr. ίδρωσις , sweat: see hidrosis .] Luminous sweat, sometimes seen in the last stages of pht hi Phosphor ist (fos fō-rist), n. [ Phosphoros ," a Swedish periodical which was the organ of this movement.] In Swedish literary hist ., one of a cla of poets and writers of romantic and idealistic tendencies who flourished about the phosphorite (fos'fō-rīt), n . [ = F.phosphorite = Sp . fosforita = Pg. phosphor it a ; as phosphor + -ite2 .] A name applied originally to a ma ive variety of apatite, but now used to embrace the more or le impure earthy to compact calcium phosphate which forms beds of considerable magnitude in some localities (Estremadura in Spain, Bohemia, etc.), and is of much economic importance. phosphorize (fos'fō-riz), v . t .; pret. and pp. phosphorized, ppr. phosphorizing . [= F. phos- phoriser Pg. phosphori sar ; as phosphor + -ize.] To combine or impregnate with phos- posite sides that the substance placed within it is alter- nately exposed to a light placed behind the disk and to the eye. M. E. Becquerel has shown experimentally by his beau- tiful phosphoroscope the finitene of duration of the emis- sion of light in the case of solids in which it was so brief that its emi ion was described as "fluorescence." 2. A philosophical toy consisting of gla tubes containing different phosphorescent phosphores sub- stances and arranged in a box. When exposed to sunlight or strong artificial light, and afterward put in a dark place, the tubes glow with lights of different colors. Alumina, glowing with a rich red colour in the phosphoroscope. Gordon, Elect. and Mag., II. 116. phosphorous (fos'fo-rus), a . [= F. phospho- reux = Sp. It. fosforoso = Pg. phosphoroso ; as phosphor + -ous .] Pertaining to, obtained from, or containing phosphorus. - Phosphorous phosphorous an hydrid, by exposing sticks of phosphorus to moist air, and in several other ways. Phosphorous acid exists usually in the form of a thick uncrystallizable syrup, but it may also be obtained crystallized. This acid is di basic, forming two series of metallic salts, named respec- tively neutral and acid phosphites . - Phosphorous anhy- drid, P203, a soft, white, readily volatile powder prepared by burning phosphorus in a limited supply of air. phosphor uri a (fos-fo-röʻri-ä), n. [NL., phorus , phosphorus, + Gr. οὗρον , urine.] 1. Phosphaturia.-2. Photuria. phosphorus (fos'fo-rus), n. [L. (in def. 2 NL.), Gr. Φωσφόρος , Lucifer: see Phosphor .] 1. [ cap .] The morning star; Phosphor. John Baptist was that Phosphorus or morning star, to signify the sun's approaching. -ics.] The science of light. Photinia (fo-tin'i-ä), n . [NL. (Lindley, 1821), so called with ref. to the coriaceous and shining evergreen leaves and white flowers; φῶς (φωτ-), light.] A genus of rosaceous shrubs and trees, of the tribe Pomeæ , known by the evergreen leaves and one to five-celled berry-like pome, with thin partitions. There are about 30 species, natives of Japan, China, and the mountains of India, and one of California. They bear alternate undivided leaves, often with leaf-like stipules, and usually white flowers in ter- minal corymbs or panicles. The ovoid juicy fruit is crowned by the five ovate calyx-lobes, and is sometimes edible. P. serrulata and its varieties (often wrongly called Cratægus glabra ) are the Chinese hawthorn, and P. arbutifolia is the Californian May-bush of ornamental lawn 2. Chemical symbol, P; atomic weight, 31; specific gravity, 1.826. A solid non-metal- lic combustible substance, hitherto undecom- posed, not found by itself in nature, but occur- ring chiefly in combination with oxygen, cal cultivation both the hardy evergreens, growing to cium, and magnesium. It is widely distributed, be- ing an e ential constituent of all plants and of the bony ti ue of animals. It was originally obtained from urine; but it is now manufactured from bones, which consist in large part of calcium phosphate. Common phosphorus, when pure, is semi-transparent and colorle . At common temperatures it is a soft solid, easily cut with a knife, the cut surface having a waxy luster; at 108° F. it fuses, and at 550° is converted into vapor. It is soluble, by the aid of heat, in naphtha, in fixed and volatile oils, and in sulphur chlorid, carbon disulphid, and phosphorus sulphid. It is exceedingly inflammable. Exposed to the air at common temperatures, it undergoes slow combustion, emits a white vapor of a peculiar garlic odor, and appears luminous in the dark. A very slight degree of heat is sufficient to in- flame it in the open air. Gentle pre ure between the fin- gers, friction, or a temperature not much above its point of fusion kindles it readily. It burns rapidly even in the air, emitting a splendid white light, and causing intense heat. Its combustion is far more rapid in oxygen gas, and the light far more vivid. The product of the perfect comb us- tion of phosphorus is phosphorous pentoxid (P2O5), a white solid which readily takes up water, pa ing into phosphoric acid (which see, under phosphoric ). Phosphorus may be to combine with most the forming com- IMG:content-0060.png:[blocks in formation] perseded by lucifer matches and similar contrivances. (b) A small bottle containing 12 grains of phosphorus melted in half an ounce of olive-oil. On being uncorked in the dark this solution emits light enough to illuminate the dial of a watch, and it will retain this property for several years if not too frequently used. - Phosphorus paste, a poison- ous compound containing phosphorus, for the destruction of vermin, as rats, mice, cockroaches, etc. phosphorus-box (fos'fō-rus-boks), n. A box containing oxy muriate matches, which first su- Phot in i an ism (fo-tin'i-an-izm), n . [ Phot in i an + -ism .] The system of doctrine held by Pho- tin us. photo (foto), n. A colloquial abbreviation of photograph . photo biotic (fō"tō-bī-otʼik), a . [ βιωτικός , belonging to life.] Living habitually in the light: said of a cla of plant- cells. φῶς (φωτ-), contr. φάος , light ( φάειν , shine: see phase1 ), + κάμψις , bending, κάμπτειν , bend.] Refraction of light. Thomas , Med. Dict. photochemical (fō-tō-kem'i-kal), a . ( φωτ- ), light, + E. chemical . ] Of or pertaining to the chemical action of light. photochemist (fō-to-kem'ist), n. [ φῶς ( φωτ- ) , light, + E. chemist .] One who is versed in photochemistry. photochemistry (fō-to-kemʼis-tri), n . [ chemistry .] That branch of chemistry which treats of the chemical ac- Sp.fosforeto = Pg.phosphureto ; as phosphorus ) + -uret .] Same as phosphide . phosphureted, phosphuretted (fos'fū-ret-ed), a . [ phosphuret + -ed2.] Combined with phos- rescence in different substances. It consists of a hollow disk within which is placed the object to be tested. The disk is geared with multiplying-wheels so that it can be rotated at any desired speed, and is so perforated on op the device of taking a separate negative for every color in the subject, using in every case such chemicals or methods as will reproduce only the desired color, and afterward combining prints or matrices from all the negatives, every one in its appropriate color, a remarkably close ap IMG:content-0061.png:[blocks in formation] photo chronograph (fō-to-kronʻō-gråf), n. Gr. φῶς (φωτ-), light, + E. chronograph.] 1. An instrument for taking photo chronographic pictures. See photo chronography.-2. A picture taken by this method. photo chronographic (fō-to-kron-ō-graf'ik), a. Of or pertaining to photo chronography. photo chronography (fōtō-krō-nog'ra-fi), n. [ instantaneous photographs at regular and generally at short intervals of time, as of a bird, horse, projectile, etc., in motion. or finished in crayons upon a photographic groundwork: said of a picture. photo dermatic (fōtō-der-matʼik), a. [ photo drome (fōtō-drom), n. [ photodynamic (fō"tō-dī-namʻik), a. [ n. [NL.,