Little-endians

See Big - endians. Little Venice Little Giant, The. A popular surname of Stephen A. Douglas. Little hampton (lit-l-hampton). A watering place in the county of Su ex, England, situated at the mouth of the Arun, on the English Channel, 18 miles west of Brighton. Population (1891), 4,452. Little Iliad, The. A Greek epic poem of the Trojan cycle, by Lesches, a Lesbian. It continued the Iliad to the fall of Troy. Little John. One of the chief followers of Robin Hood, said to have been one John Nailor. He was enormously tall and strong. Little john (lit'l-jon), Hugh. The name given to John Hugh Lockhart, son of John Gibson Lockhart, and grandson of Sir Walter Scott, for whom the latter wrote "Tales of a Grandfather." Little Kanawha. A river in West Virginia which joins the Ohio at Parkers burg. Length, over 100 miles. Little Mac. A nickname of General George B. McClellan. Little Magician, The. A popular name of Martin Van Buren. Little Marl borough, The. A surname of Schwerin. Little Mi ouri. A river in eastern Wyoming, southeastern Montana, and western Dakota. It joins the Mi ouri 83 miles northwest of Bismarck. Length, about 400 miles. Little Nell. A child character in the novel "Old Curiosity Shop," by Dickens. Little page (lit'l-pāj), Cornel i us. The pseudonym of James Feni more Cooper, under which he wrote "Satanstoe." Little Paris. A name sometimes given to Bru els. Little Parliament. The Parliament convened by Cromwell July 4, 1653: so called from the small number-about 140-of its members. It constituted Cromwell Lord Protector. It is also called, from one of its members, "Barebone's Parliament." See Barbon . Little Phil. A nickname of General Philip H. Sheridan. Little Popo. [G. Klein - Popo , native name Ane ho.] The capital of To go land (which see), a seaport on the Slave Coast, western Africa, situated in lat. 6° 12′ N., long. 1° 46′ E. Little Red Riding-hood, F. Le Chaperon Rouge, G. Rothkäppchen. A nursery tale of a little girl who forgets her mother's command "to speak to no one whom she meets." She tells a wolf that she is going to her grandmother's cottage with some wine and bread. He reaches the cottage before her, eats her grandmother, and, when Little Red Riding-hood arrives, devours her. In the German at this point a hunter comes who rips open the wolf, and Red Riding-hood and her grandmother are restored to life. This legend is found in many countries, but comes to us from Perrault's French version, which he probably derived from the Italian stories of Str a parol a and the "Pen tamer one." Little Rock. The capital of Arkansas and of Pulaski County, situated on the Arkansas River about lat. 34° 44′ N., long. 92° 16′ W. It has flourishing trade in cotton. Population (1900), 38,307. Little Ru ia. A name given to the division of Ru ia comprising the governments of Kharkoff, Kieff, Pultowa, and Tchernigoff. In some cla ifications Volhynia and Podolia are included. Little Tibet. Same as Baltis tan . Little ton (lit'l-ton), Adam. Born at Hales owen, Worcesters hire, Nov. 2, 1627: died June 30, 1694. An English scholar. He was rector of Chelsea 1669, chaplain of Charles II. 1670, rector of Overton, Hampshire, 1683, and of the Church of St. Botolph, Alders gate, 1685-89. His principal work is a Latin dic tionary, "Linguæ latinæ liber dictionarius quad rip art it us" (London, 1673). Little ton, Edward, Lord Littieton. Born at Munslow, Shropshire, 1589: died at Oxford, Aug. 27, 1645. An English jurist. He was chief justice of North Wales 1621; recorder of London Dec. 7. 1631; solicitor-general Oct. 17, 1634; chief justice of the Common Pleas Jan. 27, 1640; lord keeper of the great seal Jan. 18, 1641; and first commi ioner of the treasury May 18, 1641. He argued against Hampden in the ship-money case, and was a firm partizan of the king. In May, 1642, he followed the king to York, taking the seal with him. Little ton, Sir Thomas. Born at Frankley, Worcesters hire, 1402: died at Frankley, Aug. A noted English jurist, eldest son of New York, situated at falls of the Mohawk, 64 miles west-northwest of Albany. It has manufactures and a cheese-market. Population (1900), 10,381. Little French Lawyer, The. A comedy by Fletcher and Mas singer, written about 1620, and printed in 1647. The plot is from "The Spanish Rogue,” a novel which was also used by Aleman in his "Guzman de Alfarache." staple, and Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas de Little ton of Frankley. In baptism he received his mother's surname. He was made justice of the Common Pleas April 27, 1466, and was the author of a famous work, in law-French, on tenures, which, with Coke's commentary, was long the authority on the English law of real property. Little Vehicle. See Great Vehicle . Little Venice. A name sometimes given to Arendal, Norway, on account of its situation. Littrow (lit'trou), Joseph Johann von. Born at Bischof-Teinitz, Bohemia, March 13, 1781: died Nov. 30, 1840. An Austrian astronomer, director of the observatory at Vienna, author of "Die Wunder des Himmels" ("The Wonders of the Heavens," 1836), etc. Littrow, Karl von. Born at Kazan, Ru ia, July 18, 1811: died at Venice, Nov. 16, 1877. An Austrian astronomer, son of J. J. von Littrow. Liukiu Islands. See Loochoo Islands . Liutprand (li-öt'prand), or Luitprand (lö'it- prand). King of the Lombards from about 712 Drusus), who was compelled to divorce her in order that she might become the wife of the future emperor. She was accused of committing various crimes, even of hasten- ing the death of her husband in her endeavor to secure the succe ion to her son Tiberius. For a time after the acce ion of the latter she was all-powerful in the state, but was soon forced to retire from public affairs. Livigno (lē-vēn'yo), Valle di, G. Welsch-Li- vinen (velsh'le-venen). The upper valley of the Spöl, in the northern part of the province of Sondric, northern Italy, bordering on the Grisons (Switzerland). Living, or Lyfing. Died June 12, 1020. An arch- bishop of Canterbury, the succe or of Ælfheah. He crowned Edmund Ironside and Canute. Living, or Lyfing. An Anglo-Saxon prelate, bishop of Credit on (1027), of Cornwall (date un- certain), and also of Worcester (1038). He was a councilor of Canute, and his companion in his pilgrimage supporter of his house. Livings ton (liv'ing-ston), Brockholst. Born at New York, Nov. 25, 1757: died at Washington, D. C., March, 1823. An American jurist, son of William Livings ton. He was a judge of the United States Supreme Court 1806-23. Livings ton (liv'ing-ston), Edward. Born at Clermont, Columbia County, N. Y., May 26, 1764: died at Rhinebeck, N. Y., May 23, 1836. An American jurist and statesman, brother of R. R. Livings ton. He was member of Congre from New York 1795-1801; mayor of New York 1801-03; mem- ber of Congre from Louisiana 1823-29; United States senator 1829-31; secretary of state 1831-33; and United States minister to France 1833-35. He prepared a code of criminal law and procedure (1833). His complete works (2 vols.) were published in 1873. Livings ton, John Henry. Born at Poughkeep- sie, N. Y., May 30, 1746: died at New Bruns- wick, N. J., Jan. 20, 1825. An American clergy- man of the Dutch Reformed Church, president of Rutgers College, New Brunswick. Livings ton, Philip. Born at Albany, N.Y., Jan. 15, 1716: died at York, Pa., June 12, 1778. An American politician, a signer of the Declaration of Independence as member of Congre from New York, 1776. Livings ton, Robert R. Born at New York, Nov. 27, 1746: died Feb. 26, 1813. An American statesman and jurist. He was a member of the Con- tinental Congre ; chancellor of the State of New York 1777-1801; secretary of foreign affairs 1781-83; and United States minister to France 1801-05. He negotiated the Loui- siana Purchase in 1803, and was a ociated with Fulton in Livings ton, William. Born 1723: died at Eliza- beth town, N. J., July 25, 1790. An American politician, brother of Philip Livings ton. He was governor of New Jersey 1776-90, and a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1787. Living stone (liv'ing-ston). A name proposed by Stanley for the Kongo. A Scottish noble, created first earl of Linlith- gow in Dec., 1600. Living stone, Charles. Born at Blantyre, Lan- arkshire, Feb. 28, 1821: died near Lagos, Oct. 28, 1873. A clergyman and mi ionary, brother of David Living stone. He emigrated to the United States in 1840; graduated at the Union Theological Semi- nary, New York city, in 1850; returned to England in 1857; and went with his brother to Africa, remaining with him until 1863. In 1864 he was appointed British consul at Fernando Po. Living stone, David. Born at Blantyre, near Glasgow, Scotland, March 19, 1813: died at Chi- tambo, central Africa, April 30, 1873. A cele- brated African explorer and mi ionary. From 1840-49 he was medical mi ionary among the Bechuana of South Africa. He discovered Lake Ngami in 1849; ex- plored the Zambesi and Kuanza basins to Loanda 1851-54; recro ed the continent from Loanda to Kilimane, discov- ering Victoria Falls, in 1855; led a government expedition up the Zambesi and Shire rivers, and discovered Lakes Shirwa and Nya a, 1858-59; explored the Rovuma val- ley in 1866, the Chambezi in 1867, and Lakes Tanganyika, Moero, and Bangweolo 1867–68; was at Ujiji in 1869; nav i- gated Tanganyika, and was driven back by the Manyema; was relieved by Stanley at Ujiji in 1871; parted with Stan- ley in Unyanyembe in 1872, and returned to Lake Bang- weolo; and died at Chitambo from dysentery in 1873. His body was carried to the coast, and was buried in West- Travels in South Africa" (1857), and a "Narrative of an minster Abbey April 18, 1874. He wrote "Mi ionary Expedition to the Zambesi" (1865). "The Last Journals of David Living stone" were published in 1874. Livius (liv'i-us), Saint. Died 656 (?). An ec- clesiastic, called "the Apostle of Brabant," con- cerning whose life (if indeed he existed at all) Livius Andronicus. See Andronicus . Livny (liv'nē). A town in the government of Orel, central Ru ia, situated on the Sosna 75 miles southeast of Orel. Population, 20,358. Livonia (li-võ'ni-a), G. Livland or Liefland (lēf'länt), F. Livonie (lē-vō-nē'). A govern- ment of Ru ia, one of the Baltic provinces. Capital, Riga. It is bounded by Esthonia on the north, Lake Peipus, Pskoff, and Vitebsk on the east, Courland (separated by the Düna) on the south, and the Gulf of Riga on the west. The island of Osel belongs to it. The surface is mainly level. The inhabitants are chiefly Letts and Es thonians. The nobility is German. The prevailing reli. gion is Protestant. Livonia was the nucleus of the do minions of the Livonian (Sword-Bearer) Knights, who began their settlements in 1201. In 1237 they united with the Teutonic Order. The Pru ian and Livonian Knights were separated in 1521. After the di olution of the order (1558-61) Livonia was for a short time a kingdom. After some changes it became Polish in 1582; pa ed to Sweden 1660 (having been conquered by Sweden in 1621-25); and was annexed to Ru ia in 1721. It is being Ru ified like the. lati on (1887), 1,229,468. other Baltic provinces. Area, 18,158 square miles. Popu- stages medieval architecture. It has been thoroughly restored in the present century. The fine west front has more of a French character than is usual in Great Britain. There are no transepts. The interior is imposing; the Norman arch of the Lady chapel is notable; and there is a square chapter-house with central pillar. Llandudno (lan-düd'nō). A watering-place in Carnarvonshire, North Wales, situated at the Llanos de Chiquitos Cruz and Chuquisaca, extending from the mountains of Santa Cruz de la Sierra nearly to the river Paraguay. It is continuous with the Gran Chaco on the south, consists of gra -lands varied with woods or with scattered trees, has occasional isolated hills, and contains few inhabitants except Indians. Portions in the east are annually overflowed. Llanos de Guarayos (gwä-rä'yōs). A northern extension of the Llanos de Chiquitos, near the river San Miguel. Llanos de Manso (män'sō) or de Manzo (män' tho). A portion of the Chaco region of South America, in the extreme southeastern part of Bolivia, between the rivers Pilcomayo and Paraguay. In the 16th century this region was conceded to Andres Manso for colonization. Llanquihue (lyän-kē'wā). A province of Chile, about lat. 41° S. Capital, Puerto Montt. Area, of Trinity College, Cambridge, and later was usher at Westminster School. He wrote "The Actor: a Poetical Epistle" (1760), "The Tears and Triumphs of Parna us," etc. He was imprisoned for debt in 1763. Lloyd, William. Born at Tile hurst, Aug. 18, 1627: died at Hartlebury Castle, Worcesters hire, Aug. 30, 1717. An English prelate, bishop succe ively of St. Asaph (1680), Lich field and Coventry (1692), and Worcester (1700). He was one of the six bishops tried on the charge of publishing a seditious libel, and acquitted June 29, 1688, and was an earnest supporter of the Revolution. Lloyd's (loidz). An a ociation at the Royal Exchange, London, comprising underwriters, merchants, shipowners, and brokers, for the furtherance of commerce, especially for marine insurance and the publication of shipping news. It originated in meetings at Lloyd's Coffee House about 1688. The present rooms include a restaurant acce ible mated, 74,818. Llerena (lyā-rā'nä). A town in the province of Badajoz, southwestern Spain, 55 miles north of Seville. Population (1887), 6,179. Llewelyn, or Llywelyn (in full Llywelyn ab Gruffydd (lö-el'in ab grü'feтн)). Died 1282. Prince of Wales 1246-82, nephew of David II. whom he succeeded. He supported the English barons under Simon de Montfort against Henry III., and was defeated with them at Evesham in 1265. He refused to do homage to Edward I., whereupon the latter subdued Wales in 1277. He subsequently revolted, and fell in battle. Lloque Yupanqui (lyō'kā yö-pän'kē). [Quichua: lloque , left-handed; yupanqui , you will count, i. e. great.] Third sovereign of the Inca line of Peru. According to the best chronologies, he ruled in the last quarter of the 14th century. He made few conquests. Acosta calls him Jaguarhuarque. Also written Loque Yu panqui , etc. Llorente (lyō-rān'tā), Juan Antonio. Born near Calahorra, Aragon, March 30, 1756: died at Madrid, Feb. 5, 1823. A Spanish historian. He was a priest, though holding rationalistic views, and from 1789 to 1801 was general secretary of the Inquisition. Under Joseph Bonaparte he charge fiscated property of the Inquisition and the religious orders, and in 1809 was ordered to examine the archives of the Inquisition and write its history. When the French were driven out of Spain he retired with them to Paris, where his history of the Inquisition was published 1817-18. It was strongly condemned by the Roman Catholic author i ties, and he was interdicted from performing priestly functions. In 1822 he published a French edition of the prin cipal works of Las Casas, with a biography, and the same year a work on the popes, which was condemned by the government: he was ordered to leave Paris. He pub lished various other works, principally on Spanish history. Lloyd (loid), Charles. Born at Birmingham, Feb. 12, 1775: died at Chaillot, near Versailles, Jan. 16, 1839. An English poet, a friend (and pupil) of Cole ridge (with whom he lived for some time) and of Lamb. He became insane about 1815, and died in a madhouse. Lloyd, Edward. Flourished about the beginning of the 18th century. The keeper of a coffee-house in Tower street, London, and later (1692) of "Lloyd's Coffee House" in Lombard street. His coffee-house became the center of ship-broking and marine insurance. He published a paper, "Lloyd's News" (Sept.,, 1696,-Feb., 1697), which was revived as "Lloyd's List" (1726), containing shipping and commercial news. From him the a ociation and the corporation now known as "Lloyd's" were named. Lloyd, Edward. Bornat Thornton Heath, Surrey, Feb. Feb. 16, 1815: died at Westminster, April 8, 1890. A London publisher, founder (1842) of "Lloyd's Illustrated London Newspaper," and after 1876 proprietor of the "Daily Chronicle." Lloyd, Edward. Born March 7, 1845. An English tenor singer. He made his first great succe in 1871, at the Gloucester festival, singing in Bach's "St. Matthew" pa ion music. He has since been succe ful in oratorio and concert music. Lloyd, Henry. Born in Meri on eths hire about 1720: died at Huy, Belgium, June 19, 1783. A Welsh soldier of fortune, for a time lay brother in a religious house, and succe ively in the service of the Pretender, of France, of Austria, and of Pru ia. He wrote a "History of the War between the King of Pru ia and the Empre of Germany and her Allies" (London, 1766-82), "A Political and Military Rhapsody on the Defense of Great Britain" (1779), etc. Lloyd, Humphrey. Born at Dublin, April 16, 1800: died there, there, Jan. 17, 1881. A British man of science, provost of Trinity College, Dublin, 1867-81. He is noted for his researches in optics and magnetism, and particularly for his experimental discovery of conical refraction in biaxial crystals, the existence of which had been theoretically determined by Sir W. R. Hamilton. His works include "A Treatise on Light and Vision" (1831), "Elementary Treatise on the Wave Theory of Light" (1857), "Treatise on Magnetism, General and Terrestrial" (1874), etc. Lloyd, Robert. Born at Westminster, 1733: died in the Fleet Prison, Dec. 15, 1764. A British poet. He was a graduate of Westminster School and Edward (18th century), above. Lloyd's, Austrian. [It. Lloyd Austro - ungarico , G. Österreichisch - Ungarischer Lloyd .] garischer Lloyd.] mercantile company in Triest, founded in 1833 for the furtherance of Austrian commerce. It comprises 3 sections: ( a ) insurance; (b) steamship lines in the Mediterranean, Black, and Red seas, etc.; (c) publication of periodicals. Lloyd's, North German. [G. Norddeutscher Lloyd .] A company in Bremen, founded in 1857, for maintaining regular steamship lines between Bremen and New York, Baltimore, and other ports: also between New York and various Mediterranean ports. Lloyd's List. A periodical containing shipping intelligence, i ued by Lloyd's (London) since 1716, as a daily since 1800. Llywarch Hen. A Cymric poet, living in the last part of the 6th century. Llywelyn ab Gruffydd. See Llewelyn . Loadstone, Lady. The "magnetic lady," a character in Ben Jonson's play of that name. She is magnetic in the sense of making her house attractive, and so drawing to it a variety of guests. Loaisa, or Loaysa (lo-i'sä), Garcia Jofre de. Born at Placencia, Caceres, about 1485: died July 30, 1526. A Spanish captain, commend a dor of the order of St. John, who, in 1525, was put in command of a fleet destined to follow up the discoveries of Magalhães. He left Spain with 7 ships, July 24, 1525; reached the Strait of Magellan in Jan., 1526; lost there one of his ships; pa ed the strait safely with the rest; but died during the voyage acro the Pacific. One ship only reached the Moluccas. Loanda (lō-än'da), properly São Paulo de Loanda (sän pou'lộ de lō-än'dä). A seaport and the capital of the Portuguese province of Angola, Africa, in lat. 8° 48′ S., long. 13° 13′ E. Population, estimated, about 14,000. Loango (lō-äng'gō). A region on the western coast of Africa, extending from the mouth of the Kongo to about lat. 4° S. It is now divided between the Kongo Free State, Portugal, and France. Loano (lō-ä'nō). A small town in Italy, situated on the coast 39 miles southwest of Genoa. Here, Nov. 23-24, 1795, the French under Schérer defeated the Austrians. The victory was mainly due to Ma éna. Loayza (lo-ī'thä), or Loaysa (lō-ī'sä), Geronymo de. Born at Truxillo, Estremadura, Spain, about 1500: died at Lima, Peru, Oct. 25, 1575. A Spanish Dominican ecclesiastic. He was a mi ionary at Cart a gena, New Granada, 1526-31, and in 1537 was ap pointed bishop of that diocese; became bishop of Lima and was the first archbishop in 1548. During the rebellions of Gonzalo Pizarro and Giron he adhered to the king, but did his best to prevent bloodshed. In 1552 and 1567 he presided over provincial councils. Lobau (lo'bou). An island in the Danube, near Vienna. It was occupied by the French after the battle of Aspern in 1809. Löbau (lė'bou). A town in the kingdom of Saxony, 41 miles east of Dresden: one of the principal towns of ancient Lusatia. Population (1890), 8,378. Löbau. A town in the province of West Pru ia, Pru ia, situated on the Sandelle 75 miles southeast of Dantzic. Population (1890), 4,593. Lobeira (lo-bā'ē-rä), or Loveira (lō-vā'ē-rä), Vasco de. Born at Oporto, Portugal, about the middle of the 14th century: died at Elvas, Portugal, about 1403. A Portuguese romance writer and soldier (in the service of John I. of Portugal, by whom he was knighted in 1385): reputed author of the famous romance "Amadis of Gaul" (which see). Lobengula (lō-beng-göʻlä). Born about 1833: died 1894. King of the Matabele (see Matabele ) , a son of Mosilikatse. He was long feared as a powerful warrior and persistent opponent of Christianity and civilization in his kingdom; but finally the British South African Company succeeded in obtaining from him, in exchange for improved firearms and ammunition, permi ion to settle in Mash on a land and ['The defender.'] Locke, John to exploit its gold-mines. As soon as the company had built Fort Salisbury and supplied it well with men, artillery, ammunition, and provisions, it provoked the Matabele with a view to seizing their territory. In the war which ensued, in 1893, the brave Matabele regiments were mowed down by Maxim guns and dispersed by cavalry in several engagements. A decisive battle, in which 500 Matabele and only one white man fell, was fought on Oct. 23, some thirty miles from Buluwayo, Lobengula's capital. The latter was taken without further resistance and the king pursued as a fugitive. In his flight he managed to entrap and kill Major Wilson and his detachment. Lobenstein (lõ'ben-stin). A town and health resort in Reu (younger line), Germany, 39 miles south-southeast of Weimar. Population (1890), 2,603. Lob-Nor (lob'nor'). A lake in Eastern Turkestan, about lat. 39° N., long. 89° E. It receives the Tarim, and has no outlet. Lobo (lo bộ), Jeronimo. Born at Lisbon about 1593: died at Lisbon, Jan. 29, 1678. A Portuguese Jesuit, mi ionary in Aby in i a. Lobos (lobos) or Islands. group of small islands west of Peru, situated (Lobos de Tierra) in lat. 6° 27′ S., long. 80°49′ W. They are noted for guano deposits. Lobositz (lō'bo-zits). A town in Bohemia, situated on the Elbe 35 miles north-northwest of Prague. Here, Oct. 1, 1756, Frederick the Great de feated the Austrians under Browne. Population (1890), commune, 4,269. Locarno (lō-kär'nō). A town in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland, situated on Lago Maggiore 11 miles west of Bell in zona. It was an nexed to Switzerland in 1513. Pop. (1888), 2,556. Loca tell i (lō-kä-tel'lē), Pietro. Born at Bergamo, 1693: died at Amsterdam, 1764. A noted violinist. He was a pupil of Corelli at Rome. Lochaber (loch-ä'ber). A mountainous district in the southern part of Inverne -shire, Scot land. Lochaber No More. An air claimed for both Scotland and Ireland, of which some two or three versions are extant. The source of these is in Scot tish minstrelsy called "Lord Ronald (or, according to Sir W. Scott, Randal ) my son." The air in Ireland is known as "Limerick's lamentation." The verses "Farewell to Lochaber," ending "And then I'll leave thee and Lochaber no more," were written by Allan Ramsay. Grove. Loches (lōsh). A town in the department of In dre-et-Loire, France, situated on the Indre 22 miles southeast of Tours. The château, a residence of the old counts of Anjou, of the Plantage net kings, and of the kings of France as late as the 16th century, is a great pile of ma ive walls and square and cylindrical towers, several of which are occupied by the grim dungeons of Louis XI. It was the place of imprisonment of La Balue, Com mines, and Sforza. The palace, of the 15th and 16th centuries, with fine Renai ance front, is now the sous-prefecture. The interesting Chapel of St. Ours displays rich Romanesque ornament. Population (1891), commune, 5,132 . Lochiel's (loch-ēlz') Warning. A poem by Thomas Campbell: so called from its subject, Donald Cameron of Lochiel. Loch in var (loch-in-vär'). A ballad in the poem of "Marmion," by Sir Walter Scott: so called from the name of its hero, the young Loch in var. Lochleven (loch-lē'vn). Alake in Kinro -shire, Scotland, 18 miles north-northwest of Edinburgh. On an island in it are the remains of a castle which was the scene in 1567-68 of the imprisonment of Mary Queen of Scots. The Leven carries its waters to the Firth of Forth. Length, 34 miles. Lochnagar (loch-na-gär'). A mountain in the southwest part of Aberdeen shire, Scotland. Height, 3,780 feet. Locke (lok), David Ro : pseudonym Petroleum V. Nasby. Born at Vestal, Brome County, N. Y., Sept. 20, 1833: died in 1888. An American political satirist. He commenced in 1860 the publication of the "Nasby Letters," contributed chiefly to the "Toledo Blade." Locke, John. Born at Wrington, Somerset, Aug. 29,1632: died at Oates, High Laver, E ex, Oct. 28, 1704. A celebrated English philosopher, one of the most influential thinkers of modern times. His father was a lawyer, and a captain in the Parliamentary army. Locke was educated at Westminster School (of which Busby was head-master), and at Christ Church, Oxford, where he graduated in Feb., 1656. He continued to reside at Oxford, and was for brief periods lecturer on Greek, lecturer on rhetoric, and censor of moral philosophy. In Dec., 1665, and Jan., 1666, he accompanied Sir Walter Vane as secretary on a mi ion to the Elector of Brandenburg. On his return he again went to Oxford to study medicine, but did not take a degree. In 1667 he be came a member of the family of the (later) Earl of Shaftesbury, at first as physician and afterward as confidential agent. In 1669 he drew up a constitution for the colonists of Carolina, of which Shaftesbury (then Ashley) was one of the lords proprietors. Through his patron Locke was appointed secretary of presentations in 1672, and secretary of the council of trade 1673-75. He visited France in 1672, and again 1675-79. After the fall of Shaftesbury, Locke became an object of suspicion, and found it nece ary (1683) to escape to Holland where he remained until 1689. In this year he became commi ioner of appeals. From 1691 Locke, John various periodicals. Lockerbie (lok'er-bi). A town in Dumfrie hire, Scotland, 11 miles east-northeast of Dumfries. Population (1891), 2,391. Lockhart (lok'ärt), John Gibson. Born at Cambusnethan, Lan arks hire, July 14, 1794: died at Abbots ford, Nov. 25, 1854. A Scottish author, noted as the biographer of Sir Walter Scott. He became an advocate in 1816; joined the staff of "Blackwood's Magazine" in 1818; married Sophia, the eldest daughter of Sir Walter Scott, in 1820; and edited the "Quarterly Review" 1826-53. His principal work is the "Memoirs of the Life of Sir Walter Scott" (7 vols. 18361838). Among his other publications are "Peter's Letters to his Kinsfolk" (1819); Blair" (1822) and other novels; translations of "Ancient Spanish Ballads" (1823); and "The Ballan tyne Humbug Handled" (1839). Lock Haven (lok hā'vn). A city, the capital of Clinton County, Pennsylvania, situated on the West Branch of the Susquehanna, 69 miles northwest of Harris burg. It has a flourishing lumber trade. Population (1900), 7,210. Lock port (lok'port). A city and the capital of Niagara County, New York, situated on the Erie Canal 22 miles north-northeast of Buffalo. It has flourishing manufactures. Population (1900), 16.581. Lockroy (lok-rwä') (properly Simon), Édouard Étienne Antoine. Born at Paris, July 18,1838. A French journalist and Radical politician, son of J. P. Lockroy. He was minister of commerce and industry 1886-87; minister of public instruction 1888; minister of marine 1898-June, 1899. Lockroy, Joseph Philippe Simon, called. Born at Turin, Feb. 17, 1803: died at Paris, Jan. 19, 1891. A French dramatist and comedian. Locksley (loks'li). The name a umed by Robin Hood at the tournament at Ashby de la Zouche, in Scott's "Ivanhoe." Locksley Hall. A poem by Tennyson, pub lished in 1842. Lockyer (lok'yėr), Sir (Joseph) Norman. Born at Rugby, England, May 17, 1836. A noted English astronomer. He has published "Elementary Le ons in Astronomy" (1868), "Contributions to Solar Physics" (1873), "The Spectroscope" (1873), "Studies in Spectrum Analysis" (1878), "The Dawn of Astronomy" (1894), etc. Locle (lōk'l), Le. A town in the canton of Neu 1595, probably written by Peele and Tilney about 1585. It has been ascribed to Shakspere (from the initials W. S. on the title-page) and to Marlowe. The mouth. plot was taken from Holinshed, based on Geoffrey of MonLocri Opuntii (ō-pun's hi-i). In ancient geography, a Greek people living north of Bœotia and opposite Eubœa: so named from Opus, their chief town. The name sometimes includes the country of the Locri Epicnemidii. Locri Ozolæ (ōzō-lē). In ancient geography, a Greek people living along the Corinthian Gulf, west of Phocis. The origin of the name is doubtful. Locris (lo'kris). In ancient geography, a division of middle Greece, occupied by the Locri Epicnemidii and Locri Opuntii, or eastern Locrians, and the Locri Ozolæ, or western Locrians. Locusta (lō-kus'tä). A profe ional poisoner living at Rome about 54 A. D. Juvenal speaks of her as the agent for ridding many a wife of her husband, and Tacitus as "long reckoned as among the instruments of government." She was employed by A grip pin a to prepare a poison for the emperor Claudius. She was executed in the reign of Galba. Lodève (lō-dav'). A town in the department of Hérault, southern France, situated on the Ergue 29 miles west-northwest of Montpellier: the Roman Luteva. It has important manufactures, par ticularly of woolen (military cloth), and contains a cathedral. It was formerly ruled by viscounts. Population (1891), commune, 9,060. Lodge (loj), Henry Cabot. Born at Boston, May 12, 1850. An American historian and politician. He graduated at Harvard in 1871; was admitted to the bar in 1876; was university lecturer on American history at Harvard 1874-79; was editor of the "North American Review" 1873–76, and of the “International Review" 1879-81; and was a Republican member of Congre from Ma achusetts 1886-93, when he was transferred United States Senate. He has published" A Short History of the English Colonies in America" (1881), "Alexander Hamil ton" (1882), "Daniel Webster" (1883), "Studies in History" (1884), etc. Lodge, Thomas. Born at West Ham, near London, about 1556: died 1625. An English novelist, dramatist, lyric poet, and miscellaneous writer. Among his works are the novel "Rosalynde: Euphues Golden Legacie, etc." (1590), "Euphues Shadow: the Battle of the Senses" (1592), "The Wounds of the Civil War," a tragedy (1594), poems (1589), "Phillis" and "Life and Death of William Long beard, etc." (1593), "A Fig for Momus," satires (1595). He also wrote, with Greene, another play, “A Looking-gla for London and England" (1594), which was very popular. Lodi (lo'dē). A city in the province of Milan, Italy, situated on the Adda in lat. 45° 18' N., long. 9°30′ E. It contains a cathedral, and the church Inc or on at a, begun in 1476 from a design by Bramante. It is especially noted for the manufacture of Parmesan cheese and of majolica. It was founded by Frederick Bar baro a, in place of the neighboring Lodi Vecchio (the Roman Laus Pompeia), destroyed in 1158. Population (1891), 18,689. châtel. It is celebrated for the manufacture of watches (established in 1680) and of lace. Population (1888), 11,312. Locmariaquer (lok-mä-ryä-kar'). A seaport in the department of Morbihan, France, 11 miles west-southwest of Vannes, celebrated for megalithic monuments. Locofocos (lō-kō-fōkōz). In United States history, the equal-rights or radical section of the Democratic party about 1835; by extension, in disparagement, any of the members of that party. The name was given in allusion to an incident occurred at a tumultuous meeting of the Democratic party in Tammany Hall, New York, in 1835, when the radical faction, after their opponents had turned off the gas, relighted the room with candles by the aid of locofoco matches. The Locofoco faction soon disappeared, but the name was long used for the Democratic party in general by its opponents. Often abbreviated Locos . Locri Epicnemidii (lõʻkrī e-pik-nē-mid'i-i). In ancient geography, a Greek people dwelling along the Maliac Gulf, north of Phocis: so named from Mount Cnemis. Locri Epizephyrii (ep"i-ze-fir'i-i), or Locri. In ancient geography, a city in southern Italy, situated on the coast in lat. 38° 15′ N., long. 16° 15′ E. Its site is near the modern Gerace. It was founded by the Locrians of Greece; was closely allied with Syracuse in the 4th century B. C.; and vacillated between Rome, Pyrrhus, and Carthage in the 3d century B. C. A Greek Ionic temple of Perse phone, of the 5th century B. C., has been recovered by excavation here. Log i still a ous. The chief islands are Hindö, Langö, Andö, Öst-Vaago, and Vest-Vaagö. The chief industry is the cod and her. ring fishery. Population, about 20,000. Loftus (lof 'tus), Lord August us William Frederick Spencer. Born Oct. 4, 1817: died March 7, 1904. An English diplomatist, fourth son of the second Marquis of Ely: amba ador to Ru ia 1871-79. Loftus, William Kennett. Born at Rye, England, about 1820: died at sea, Nov., 1858. An English archæologist. He published "Travels and Researches in Chaldæa and Susiana" (1857), etc. Log (log), King. In Æsop's "Fables," a worthle and heavy log sent by Jove to the frogs who prayed for a king. They complained to him of this inert monarch, and he sent them a stork who ate them up. Logan (lo'gan), George. Born at Stenton, near Philadelphia, Sept. 9, 1753: died there, April 9, 1821. An American politician, grandson of James Logan. He went to France in 1798 with the design of averting a war with that country, vania 1801-07. and was United States senator from Pennsyl Logan, James. Born at Lurgan, County Armagh, Ireland, Oct. 20, 1674: died near German town, Pa., Oct. 31, 1751. An American colonial politician. He was a member of the Society of Friends, and accompanied William Penn to America as his secretary in 1699. He was chief justice of the Supreme Court of of Pennsylvania 1731-39, and as president of the council was for two years acting governor of the colony after the death of Governor Gordon in 1736. He bequeathed over two you sand volumes to the city of Philadelphia, which now form part of the Philadelphia Library under the title of the Logan i an Library. He wrote "Experiment a et Meletemata de Plant arum Gene rat i one" (1739), etc. Logan (lõ'gan), John, a umed name of Tahgah-jute. Born about 1725: killed near Detroit, 1780. An Indian chief. He was a Cayuga by birth; lived many years near Reedsville, Pennsylvania, in friendly intercourse with the whites; and became a chief among the Mingoes. His family was murdered by the whites on the Ohio in 1774, whereupon he instigated a war against them. He was killed in a skirmish with a party of Indians. Logan, John. Born in Scotland in 1748: died at London, Dec., 1788. A Scottish lyric poet. He published his poems, with those of Michael Bruce, in 1770. The much-debated question whether the "Ode to the Cuckoo" is the production of Bruce or of Logan is still matter of dispute. Logan, John Alexander. Born in Jackson County, III., Feb. 9, 1826: died at Washington, D. C., Dec. 26, 1886. An American general and statesman, unsucce ful Republican candidate for the vice-presidency in 1884. He served in the Mexican war; was member of Congre from Illinois 1859 1861; served with distinction in the Civil War under Grant in 1862, in the Vicksburg campaign of 1863, and in north ern Georgia under Sherman in 1864; was member of Con spiracy" (1886). gre from Illinois 1867-71; and was United States senator 1871-77 and 1879-86. He published "The Great ConLogan, Mount. A mountain situated in Yukon, Canada, 26 miles northeast of Mount St. Elias, first man acro bridge, won this 19,514 feet: after Mount McKinley, probably the epithet "Little Corporal") the second. The Austrian in lat. 60° 34′ N., long. 140° 24' W. Height, the highest in North America. lo was 2,500; the French lo , probably 2,000. The battle is known as "the terrible pa age of the bridge of Logan, Olive. See Sykes . by the capture of Milan. Lodomeria (lo-do-meri-a). The Latin name of the medieval principality of Vladimir in Vol hynia, which became part of the kingdom of Poland. The Emperor of Austria-Hungary bears the title of King of Galicia and Lodomeria. Lodore (lo-dor'). A cascade in Cumber land, England, near Keswick. Lodovico (lō-do-vē kō). A kinsman of Brabantio in Shakspere's "Othello." Lódz (līdz). A city in the government of Piotrkow, Ru ian Poland, 67 miles southwest of War saw. It is the center of the Polish textile manufacture, the leading manufacture being cotton. Population (1897), 314,780. Loegres, Logres. The name by which Geoffrey of Mon mouth calls England, from Logris or Locrine, son of the legendary King Brute. Löfling (lef'ling), Peter. Born at Tollforsbruch, near Walbö, Sweden, Jan. 31, 1729: died in Venezuela, Feb. 22, 1756. A Swedish botanist, a pupil and friend of Linnæus. In 1751 he accompanied a Spanish scientific expedition to Venezuela, and, after traveling extensively in the province of Cumaná, went to the mi ions of Guayana, where he died of a fever. An account of his travels was published in Swedish, under the direction of Linnæus, in 1758. Lofoten (lo-fō'ten) (le correctly Lofoden or He was the eldest son of Brute or Brutus, and the father of Sabrina, celebrated in Milton's "Comus." His story is told in Geoffrey of Mon mouth. Locrine. A tragedy published anonymously in islands belonging to the province of Nordland, Norway, situated west of the mainland about lat. 67° 30′ to 69° 20′ N. The surface is mountain Logan's Cro Roads, or Mill Springs. A locality in Wayne County, Kentucky, on the Cumber land River, where, 19, 1862, the Federals under Thomas defeated the Confed erates under Crittenden. See Mill Springs . Logan sport (lō'ganz-port). A city and the capital of Ca County, Indiana, situated at the junction of the Eel and Wabash rivers, 70 miles north by west of Indianapolis. It has flourishing trade and car-works. Population (1900), 16,204. Logau (lõ'gou), Fried rich von. Born in Silesia, 1604: died at Liegnitz, July 25, 1655. A German poet. He was councilor to the Duke of Brieg and Liegnitz. He belonged to the first Silesian school of poets, and was the principal epigrammatist of the period, and one of the most celebrated in German literature. In 1654 he published, under the title "Sinngedichte" ("Epigrams"), a collection of more than 3,500 poems, many of which are, house med couplets. A complete Loggia dei Lanzi (lõj ́jä dā'ē länd'zē). A medieval vaulted portico, one of the characteristic buildings of Florence, begun 1374. The front has three great round arches with molded columns, a rich bracketed cornice and balustrade, and medallions of the Theological Virtues in the spandrels. In the portico are placed Cell in i's “Perseus,” Donatello's "Judith," and other important Renai ance and antique statues. edition was published at Tübingen in 1872. Logic, Bob. See Tom and Jerry. Log i still a (lō-jis-til'lä). In “Orlando Furioso," the sister of Alcina and Morgan a. She represents reason or virtue. The Century Cyclopedia of Names Logone Logone (lō-gō'ne). A tribe of the central Sudan, southeast of Lake Chad, between Bornu and Baghirmi. They number about 250,000. They are va als of Bornu, but are self-governing;; they are related alike to the Makaris and the Musgu; and their language is said to have affinity with Hausa and Galla. tas Logroño (lō-grōn'yō). A province in Old Castile, Spain. It is bounded by Alava and Navarre on the Te north, Navarre and Sarago a on the east, Soria on the south, and Burgos on the west. It belongs to the Ebro valley. Area, 1,945 square miles. Population (1887), 181,465. Logroño. The capital of the province of Logroño, situated on the Ebro about lat. 42° 26′ N., long. 2° 36′ W.: the Roman Julia Briga. Population (1887), 15,667. Logroño, Pedro. Born at Guadalajara, Spain: died, probably in Mexico, after 1567. A Span Fish priest. His "Manual de los adultos para bautizar" (known only in a fragment) is probably the oldest existing book published in America. It was printed at Mexico in 1540. Lohardaga (lō-här-dä'gä), or Lohardugga (lohär-dug'gä). A district in Bengal, British India, intersected by lat. 23° 30′ N., long. 85° E. Area, 7,140 square miles. Population (1891), 1,128,885. Loheia, or Loheyyah (lō-hā'yä). A seaport in Yemen, Arabia, situated on the Red Sea in lat. 15° 42′ N., long. 42° 39′ E. Population, 5,0006,000. Lohengrin (lō'en-grin). [MHG. Loherangrin , Lohengrin .] In German legend, the mythical knight of the swan, the son of Parzival, and a knight of the Holy Grail. He is carried in a boat drawn by a swan to Antwerp, where he becomes the husband of the Prince of Brabant, on the condition that she shall never ask his name. She neverthele breaks the ✓ agreement, and the swan comes with the boat and bears him away to the Grail. Allusion is made to his history at the end of the poem "Parzival," written by Wolfram von Eschenbach between 1205 and 1215. He is also mentioned in the "Titurel," written by one Albrecht between 1260 and 1270; and the same legend is the subject of the poem "Schwanritter" ("The Swan Knight"), by Konrad von Würzburg (died 1287), who does not, however, connect his hero with the Grail. A poem, "Lohengrin," later remodeled under the name "Lorengel," written by an unknown author in Bavaria before 1290, gives a detailed history of the mythical knight. The legend has been localized on the lower Rhine as well as on the Schelde. Lohengrin. A romantic drama, composed (words and music) by Richard Wagner in 1847, founded on the poem of "Lohengrin." It was first produced at Weimar under the direction of Liszt in 1850, and was produced at London May 8, 1875. Lohenstein (lõ'en-stin), Daniel Kaspar von. Born at Nimptsch, Silesia, Jan. 25, 1635: died at Breslau, April 28, 1683. A German poet of the second Silesian school. Lohr (lor). A town in Lower Franc on i a, Bavaria, situated on the Main 40 miles east by south of Frankfort. Population (1890), 4,207. Loi (loi), or Baloi (bä-loi'). A Bantu tribe settled on the lower Mobangi River in the Kongo State and French Kongo. Loigny (lwän-yē'). A village in the department of Eure-et-Loir, France, south of Chart res. It gives name to the battle of Loigny-Poupry, Dec. 2, 1870, gained by the Germans under the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg over the French under Aurelle de Paladines, and forming part of the battle before Orléans. Loir (lwär). A river of northwestern France, joining the Sarthe 5 miles north of Angers: the Roman Lidericus. Length, about 190 miles. Loire (lwär). The largest river of France: the Roman Liger. It rises in the Gerbier-des-Joncs, department of Ardèche, flows first toward the north and then toward the west, and falls into the Bay of Biscay at St.Nazaire, 33 miles west of Nantes. It is noted for its inundations, and is important in history. Its chief tributaries are the Allier, Cher, Indre, and Vienne on the left, and the Maine on the right. Length, over 600 miles; navigable for ships to Nantes. Loire. A department of central France. Capital, St.-Etienne. It is bounded by Allier on the northwest, Saône-et-Loire on the north, Rhône and Isère on the east, Ardèche on the south, Haute-Loire on the southwest, and Puy-de-Dôme on the west, and formed part of the ancient Lyonnais. The surface is largely mountainous. It is traversed by the river Loire, and has important industries, especially coal-mining and dependent manufactures.