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The scene of action is principally the coast region of the North Sea and Normandy. The poem was written in the 13th century by an unknown author in Austria or Bavaria. Guebers, or Ghebers (ge'berz), or Gabers, or Ghavers (gā'verz), or Gebirs (ge-bērz'). [Commonly derived from the Arabic kafir , infidel ('giaour,' the word applied by Mohammedans to all non-Mohammedans, and supposed to have been applied to this sect by their Arab conquerors in the 7th century). From its occurrence in the Talmud as Cheber , and in Origen as Kabir , others believe it to be an ancient proper name from some tribe or locality.] A Mohammedan name of the followers of Zoroaster, otherwise known as At ish para stan ('fire worshipers'), Majusan (from their priests the magi), and Parsis , or people of Pars or Fars (Persia). See Parsis . Guébriant (ga-bre-on'), Jean Baptiste Budes, Comte de. Born at Ple is-Budes, Britt any, Feb. 2, 1602: died at Rottweil, Swabia, Nov. 24, 1643. A French marshal. He served in Ger many from 1635 under Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar. On the death of Bernhard he concluded, Oct. 9, 1639, a treaty with the officers of the late duke's army, whereby the army entered the service of France. He defeated and captured the Imperialist general Lamboy at Kempen Jan. 17, 1642, a service for which he was created a marshal of France. He captured Rottweil Nov. 19, 1643, when he was mortally wounded. Guebwiller. See Gebweiler . Guaynos (gwi'nōs). An ancient Indian tribe Guelder land, Guelders. See Gelder land . of northeastern South America, south of the Guelfs, or Guelphs (gwelfs). [From Guelfo , is the "Sta. Petronilla" (at Rome). Guerens. See Crens . Guéret (gā-rā'). The capital of the department of Creuse, France, situated in lat. 46° 12′ N., long. 1° 52′ E. Population (1891), commune, 7,799. Guericke (ger'ik-e), He in rich Ernst Ferdinand. Born at Wettin, near Halle, Pru ia, Feb. 25, 1803: died at Halle, Feb. 4, 1878. A German Protestant theologian, profe or at Halle. His works include "Handbuch der Kirchengeschichte" (1833), "All gem eine christliche Symbolik" (1839), "Lehrbuch der christ lichen Archäologie" (1847), etc. Guericke, Otto von. Born at Magdeburg, Pru ia, Nov. 20, 1602: died at Hamburg, May 11, 1686. A German natural philosopher. He studied law at Leipsic, Helmstedt, and Jena, and mathematics at Leyden, and traveled in France and England. From 1631-36 he was chief engineer at Erfurt, in the Swedish service. He invented the air-pump (1650), air-balance, etc., and constructed the "Magdeburg hemispheres. He published "Experiment a nova" (1672), etc. Guérin (gā-ran'), Eugénie de. Born 1805: died 1848. A French writer, sister of G. M. de Guérin. Her "Journal" and "Lettres" were edited in 1862. Guérin, Georges Maurice de. Born at the Château du Cayla, near Albi, in southern France, Aug. 4, 1810: died there, July 19, 1839. A French poet. He wrote the "Centaur," which was published in the "Revue des Deux Mondes" in 1840. His literary remains, including the "Centaur," were published in 1860. Guinaus of the upper Orinoco, or the Guianaus of British Guiana (both of Arawak stock), may be their descendants. Guayra (gwi-rä' or gwi'rä). The name given by the Spanish conquerors of Paraguay to the region bordering the upper Paraná. The name was loosely applied, sometimes including both sides of the river above the great fall, at other times denoting the region to the east and southeast of the river, including the present disputed territory of Mi i ones, and portions of Paraná, Santa Catharina, and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil and of Corrientes in Argentina. Until the 19th century it was legally or practically included in the government of Paraguay, and the Jesuits had important mi ions there. Guayra, La. See La Guayra . Guayra Cataract. See Sete Quedas . Gubbio (göbbé-o). A cathedral city in the province of Perugia, Italy, at the foot of Monte Calvo 20 miles north-northeast of Perugia: the ancient Iguvium or Eugubium. It has manufactures of majolica. The Eugubine Tables (which see) are here, and other Umbrian antiquities; and there are various remains of antiquity in the neighborhood. The Palazzo dei Consoli is a building of the early 14th century, one of the most ma ive examples of Italian medieval civic construction. With its tower and its battlements, it recalls the Florentine Palazzo Vecchio. This Umbrian town was destroyed by the Goths. It was independent in the middle ages. Population, about 5,000. Guben (gö'ben). A town in the province of Brandenburg, Pru ia, situated at the confluence of the Lubis with the Nei e, about ages: opposed to the Ghi bel lines, the imperial and aristocratic party. The Welfs (Guelfs) were a powerful family of Germany, so called from Welf I. in the time of Charlemagne. His descendants, several of whom bore the same name, held great po e ions in Italy; through intermarriage were at different times dukes of Bavaria, Saxony, and Carinthia; and founded the princely house of Brunswick and Hanover, to which the present royal family of England belongs. The names Welf and Waiblingen (Guelf and Ghibelline) are alleged to have been first used as war-cries at the battle of Weinsberg in 1140, fought and lost by Welf VI. against the Hohenstaufen emperor Conrad III. The contest soon ceased in Germany, but was taken up on other grounds in Italy, over which the emperors claimed supreme power; and the names continued to designate bitterly antagonistic parties there till the end of the 15th century. See Ghi bel lines. Güell y Renté (gö-ely' ē rān-ta'), José. Born at Havana, 1818: died at Madrid, Dec. 20, 1884. A Cuban politician and author. Most of his life was pa ed in Europe. In 1848 he married the infanta Josefa Fern and a, sister of the King of Spain, who in consequence was deprived of all her rights. As a republican He published many poems, e ays, and sketches of West Indian life. y Renté was long prominent in Spanish politics. Guelph (gwelf). A city and the capital of Wellington County, Ontario, Canada, situated on the river Speed 47 miles west by south of Toronto. Population (1891), 10,539. Güemez de Horcasitas (gö-āmāth da ör-kä-sē'täs), Juan Francisco. Born in Oviedo, 1682: Guérin, Jean Baptiste Paulin. Born at Tou1855. A French historical painter. Guérin, Baron Pierre Narci e. Born at Paris, May 13, 1774: died at Rome, July 16, 1833. Á French historical painter, a pupil of Regnault. He gained the prix de Rome in 1797. In 1815 he was made academician, and in 1816 returned to Rome as director of the French Academy. He returned to Paris in 1822. In 1833 he visited Rome with Horace Vernet, and died there. He exhibited at Salons 1799-1819. Among his pupils were Cogniet, Géricault, and Ary Scheffer. Guérin-Mèneville (ga-ran'man - vēl'), Félix Edouard. Born at Toulon, France, Oct. 12, 1799: died at Paris, Jan. 26, 1874. A French naturalist. His works include "Iconographie du règne animal, etc." (1829), "Iconographie des mammifères, etc." (1828), "Genera des insectes" (1835), etc. Guerino Meschino (gwā-rē'nő mes-kēnō). The hero of a romance of the middle ages, of uncertain authorship and date, first printed in Italian at Padua in 1473. Guernsey (gėrn'zi), L. Sarnia (sär'ni-ä). ['The Green Isle.'] The second in size and population of the Channel Islands, intersected by lat. 49° 27′ N., long. 2° 35' W. Capital, St. Peter Port. It is a popular health-resort. With Alderney and the other islands (except Jersey) it forms a bailiwick, ruled by a lieutenant-governor, bailiff, and states-a embly. Area, 24 square miles. Length, 9 miles. Population (1891), with Herm and Jethou, 35,339. Guéroult (ga-rö ́), Adolphe. Born at Radepont, Eure, France, Jan. 29, 1810: died at Vichy, France, July, 1872. A French political writer. The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century Cyclopedia of names Guerra Guerra (ger'rä), Cristóbal. A Spanish merchant of Seville who, in 1499 and 1500, was en Alonso. gaged with Niño in an exploration of the northern coast of South America. See Niño , Pedro Guerrazzi (gwer-rät'sē), Francesco Domenico, Born at Leghorn, Italy, Aug. 12, 1804: died at Cecina, near Volterra, Sept. 23, 1873. An Italian author and politician. He was Tuscan premier in 1848, and triumvir and dictator in 1849. Among his historical romances are "La battaglia di Ben even to" (1827), "L'A edio di Firenze" (1836), "Isabella Orsini" (1844). Guerrero (ger-ra'rō). A state of Mexico, bounded by Michoacan, Mexico, More los, Puebla on the north, Oajaca on the east, and the Pacific Ocean on the southwest. Area, 22,866 square miles. Population (1892), 354,400. Guerrero, Vicente. Born at Tixtla, Aug. 10, 1782: died at Chilapa, Feb. 14, 1831. A Mexican general. He joined the patriots in 1810 and held out until 1821, when he united his forces with those of Iturbide; but when Iturbide became emperor he was one of the leaders of the revolt against him, and after his dethronement was a member of the executive junta 1823-24, and vice-president 1824-28. In 1828 he declared against the president elect, Pedraza. The election was nullified by Congre , which made Guerrero president Jan. 12, 1829: but at the end of the year he was forced to retire to the south. There he kept up an armed resistance, but was eventually captured and shot. Guerrière (gar-ryar), La. A British ship of war captured by the United States ship Constitution during the War of 1812. See Constitution . Guesclin. See Du Guesclin . Gue (ges), George (Sequoyah). Born about 1770: died at San Fernando, northern Mexico, Aug., 1843. A Cherokee half-breed Indian. He invented a Cherokee syllabic alphabet in 1826. Guest (gest), Edwin. Born in Worcesters hire, 1800: died Nov. 23, 1880. A noted English historical writer and archæologist. He graduated at Cambridge in 1824, and became a fellow of his college (Gonville and Caius) in 1824, and its master in 1852. He was vice-chancellor of the university 1854-55. He published "History of English Rhythms" (1838), and numerous philological and historical papers, the most important of which relate to the Roman period in Britain. To him principally was due the founding of the Philological Society. Guetlavaca. Same as Cuitlahuatzin . Gueux (gé). [F., 'poor,' 'beggarly'; as a noun, 'beggars,' 'ragamuffins': origin uncertain.] The league of Flemish nobles organized in 1566 to resist the introduction of the Inquisition into the Low Countries by Philip II. The name was previously given to them in contempt, and borne by their followers in the succeeding war. Guevara (ga-vä'rä), Antonio de. Born in the province of Biscay, Spain, about 1490: died in 1545. A Spanish historical writer. He was one of the official chroniclers to Charles V. In 1528 he became a Francis can monk, and accompanied the emperor on his travels and residences in various cities. He was court preacher, imperial historiographer, bishop of Guadix, and bishop of Mondoñedo. He wrote "Relox de Principes" ("Dial for Princes, " 1529), "Decada de los Cesares Lives of Ten Roman Emperors"), and "Epistolas Familiares (1539). The letters, sometimes called "Golden Epistles," were very popular, and were translated by Edward Hel lowes (1574) and Savage (1657): Sir Geoffrey Fenton translated part of them (1579). Guevara also wrote a number of works on theology, navigation, and court life. Guevara, Diego Ladron de. See Ladron de Guevara.