BERBERINUM

(Lat.), n.n.?r)-ber-i(e)’nu3m(nu‘m). See BERBERINE.—B. hydrochloricum. See BERBERINE hydrochloride.—B. muriaticnm. See BERBERINE hydro chi or ide.—R. nitricum. See BERBERINE nitrate.—B. phosphori cum. See BERBERINE phosphate.—B. sulfur i cum. See BERBERINE sulphate. BEKBERIS (Lat.), n. f.. Gen., berber’idis, ber’beris, Ar., aargis. Fr., b. épine-vinette. Ger., Berberitze, Saurach. It., berberi. Sp., bérberos [Sp. Ph.], agracejo Sp Ph.]. 1. Of Linnæus, a genus of berberidaceous shrubs with yellow is} wood, and with the primary leaves often transformed into spines bearing in their axils a fascicle of secondary leaves. The calyx consists of from 6 to 9 deciduous sepals arranged in 2 or 3 rows; the corolla, of 6 unguiculate petals placed onrorite the sepals and each provided at its base internally with 2 glands; there are 6 stamens and a 1-celled ovary with from? to 8 erect ovules and a eee, short styled stigma. The fruit is a berry of 2 or more seeds, umbilicate or perforate above. The section Mahonia (sometimes made a distinct genus) comprises the species with pinnate leaves. [B, 19, 180.] 2. In the secondary list of former editions of the U. S. Ph., the rootbark of B. vulgar is; in the Fr. Codex, the B. vulgar is. 3. In the 1., berberes, the fruit of B. vulgar is. [B, 119.|-Apochylisma Dorberum.’ Sce Rob derberum. — Bacer berberidis (seu berberis, seu berberum). See Fructus berberidis.—Berberes exsiceatæ. The dried fruit of B. vulgar is. [B, 180.]—B. aquifolia [Pursh]. The Oregon grape, mountain Erape 3 a bushy shrub from 3 to 5 feet high, found in Oregon, with si ny leathery, pinnate, spinulose leaves and yellow flowers. It is said to be used as a tonic and antiperiodic. The rhizome varies in size and is yellowish brown externally and of a bright yellow internally, with thin bark and tough yellow wood. The bark is bitterish. |B, 34, 66, 81.|—B. arlstata [De Candolle]. A species growing in India; distinguished by its slender pendulous or erect. racemes of flowers, longer than the leaves and not ibose. The bark of the root contains much berberine and is employed asa tonic. It is said to be employed in ophthalmic diseases like B. lycium. [B, 5, 81, 172 asiatica [Roxburgh]. A species growing in the northern Indies. It contains berberine, is said to have properties similar to those of B. vulgar is, and is employed atonic. [B, 180.]—B’beerenstrauch (Ger.). See B. vulgar is. (Ger.). See Syrupus berberidis — B. can a dens is [Pursh]. The B. vulgar is, var, B can a dens is. iB 34.]—B. chinensis. A species found in China and northern India. The fruit, a dark purple berry, together with that of B. lycium, is used by the Chinese in roan a cooling and tonic drink. The juice of the fresh fruit is applied to weak eyes. An infusion of the leaves is used for nervous headache, fatigue. etc. [B, 172, 180; L, 75.]—B. dumetornm. The B. vulgar is. [B, 200.] —B. fasciculai Syn.: Mahonia fascicular is. A species the bark of which is used in the preparation of a yellow dye, and the acid berries are employed like those of B. vuigaris. [B, 104, 173.]— B. fructus. See Fructus berberidis.—B. fruticosa [Sloan]. shrub wing in Jamaica. The negroes use it as a remedy in venereal diseases, and an infusion of the leaves is employed in colic. B, 173.]—B. kunawurensis [Royle]. An East Indian variety of. vulgar is. [B. 212 |—B. Leschenaultii [Wallich]. See B. népalensis.—B. tretamy(Rovtel, The ophthalmic berberry; a species growing in India, The root-bark contains much berberine and is employed as a tonic. According to Royle, an extract from the wood or roots of this and other Indian species of B. is the medicine rusot, or ruswut, employed in India as a local remedy in ophthalmic affections and is identical with the Avccov of the ancients (the lyctum indicum of Dioscorides), which was employed in the same way. [B, 5, 81.]—B. nepal ens is [Sprengel]. An East Indian mountainous species, from 10 to 12 feet high, having a bluish-purple fruit. [B, 172, 212.]—B. nervosa [Pursh]. A species belonging to the section Mahonia; a shrub about 4 inches high growing in the Pacific United States. Its rhizome and roots resemble those of B. aquifolia; the root-bark contains berberine. [B, 81.])—B. pinnata. See B. fascicular is —BB. repens [Lindley], A shrub belonging to the section Mahonia; growing in the northern Pacific United States, [* Proc. of the Am. Pharm. A oc.,” xxvii, p. 202 (B).] Its rhizome and roots resemble those of B. aquifolia, and are employed for like purposes. [B, 81.]—B. sibirica [Pallas]. A Siberian ‘species employed like B. vulgar is. [B, 180.]—B3. sinensis [Desfontaines]. See B. chinensis.—B. tinct or i a [Leschenault]. See B. aristata. —B, vulgar is [Linnæus]. Fr., b. (Fr. Cod.], épinevinette. Ger., Berberitze, Berberbeere, Sauendorn. It., berberi. A bushy shrub from 2 to 8 or 10 feet high, growing in Europe and in the northern United States, composed of numerous spiny stems having simple obovate-spatulate leaves with serrulate bristly edges; pendulous, many-flowered racemes of yellow flowers; and_scarlet acid berries. The variety B can a dens is is sinaller and bears smaller flowers in few-flowered racemes, oval berries, and leaves narrower than those of the ordinary variety. The bark (cortex berberidis) and the root-bark (cortex radicis berberidis, b. [U. S. Ph., 1870 (secondary list)]) are yellowish and impart a yellow color to the saliva when chewed, and they have hence been employed as a remedy in jaundice. They are almost odorle , have a strong bitter taste, and contain berberine (q. v.), oxy acanthine, starch, and tannin, They are occasionally employed as a gastric tonic and astrin- Fen in dyspepsia, diarrhoea, etc., and to reduce the volume of the y pertrophie yee in malarial affections. Together with the wood, they are also employed as a yellow dye. The berries (berberes, fructus berberidis, baccæ berberidis) are employed to furnish an acidulous, refrigerant, and antiscorbutic drink and a conserve (see Succus berberum, Rob berberum, and Sirop de b.). The seeds also are emploî'ed medicinally. [B, 5, 19,34, 81. 119.] —B, wall i chi an a [De Candolle]. A species found at very are at elevations in Nepal. [B, 172, 212.|—Cortex berberidis. The bark of the twigs of Bs vulgar is. [B, 180.|—Cortex radicis berberidis. The root-bark of B. vulgar is (the b; of the secondary list of the U. S. Ph., 1870). [B, 180,]—Fructus berberidis. Fr., b. (ou CPeenetts) [Fr. Cod.]. SS.. bérberos [Sp. Ph.], agracejo [Sp. Ph.]. The fruit of B. vulgar is, [B, 95, 108.]—Gelatin a berberorum. Jelly of barberries; an acidulous jelly made from the berries of B. vulgar is, (B; L, 104.|—Radix berberidis. The root of B. vulgar is. [B, 180.]— Rob berberum. Fr.,robd'épine-vinette. Ger., eingekochter Berberitzensaft. Syn.: apochylisma berberum. A preparation, official in several of the older formularies, made by evaporating the juice of the berries of B. vulgar is to the consistence of an electuary. B, 119,|—Kotulie berberum. Fr., pastilles d’épine-vinette. Pastilles made of 1 part of purified juice of berberry berries (the fruit of B. vulgar is) and 6 parts of sugar (Bruns. Ph., 1777; Wiirtemb. Ph., 1798; Würzb. Ph.. 1796]. [B, 119.]-Sirop de b. [Fr. Cod.]. Lat., syrup us berberidis. A preparation made from the filtered qulce of the berries of B. vutgarts, mixed with sufficient sugar to ‘orm a syrup of sp. gr. of 1330. [B, 108, 113.]—Sucens berberum. Fr., suc de b. [Fr. Cod.]. Ger., Berberitzensaft. The juice of the fruit of B. vulgar is. |B.]—Syrupus berberidis (seu berberis, seu berberum). See Sirop de b.,