Here [Tanis, Sàn] also Mr

Petrie discovered the remains of the largest colo us ever sculptured by the hand of man. This huge figure represented Rameses II. in that position known as "the hieratic attitude"; that is to say, with the arms straightened to the sides, and the left foot advanced in the act of walking. It had been cut up by Osorkon II., of the Twenty second Dynasty, to build a pylon gateway; and it was from the fallen blocks of this gateway that Mr. Petrie recognized what it had originally been. Among these fragments were found an ear, part of a foot, pieces of arm, part of pilaster which supported the statue the back, and part of the breast, on which are carved the royal ovals. Ex pede Herculem . These fragments (mere chips of a few tons each), although they represent but a very small portion of the whole, enabled Mr. Petrie to measure, describe, and weigh the shattered giant with absolute certainty. He proved to have been the most stupendous colo us known. Those statues which approach nearest to him in size are the colo i of Abu-Simbel, the torso of the Rame eum, and the colo i of the Plain. These, however, are all seated figures, and, with the exception of the torso, are executed in comparatively soft materials. But the Rameses of Tanis was not only sculp. tured in the obdurate red granite of A ûan, and designed upon a larger scale than any of these, but he stood erect and crowned, ninety-two feet high from top to toe, or one hundred and twenty-five feet high including his pedestal. Edwards , Pharaohs, Fellahs, etc., p. 53. Rameses III., or Ramses. An Egyptian king (about 1200 B. c.), the founder, or according to some the second king, of the 20th dynasty. He reigned 32 years and conducted succe ful campaigns. Rame eum (ram-es-sē'um), commonly, but erroneously, called the Memnonium (mem-noni'um). A splendid monument built by Rameses II. at Thebes in Egypt. The entrance, between two great pyramidal towers, opens on a court about 200 feet square, which had on each side a double range of columns. The second court, a little smaller, has Osiride pillars in front and rear, and double ranges of columns on the sides. From the rear portico is entered the splendid hypostyle hall, which has 8 ranges of 6 columns, forming 9 aisles. The columns of the central aisle, 32 feet high and over 21 in circumference, are the largest, and still support part of the lintels of the roof. The capitals are of the spreading bell-form. Beyond the hypostyle hall were 9 chambers in 3 rows, the first two of the central row columned. Among the sculptures the colo al seated figure of Rameses in the outer court, now shattered, should be mentioned as by far the largest statue in Egypt: its weight 1856. A Central American politician, president of Salvador 1840-41, and of Nicaragua April 1, 1849, to March 14, 1851. Ramiro (rä-me'ro) II. Died Jan. 5, 950. King of Leon and Asturias from about 930 to 950. He defeated the calif Abd-er-Rahman III. on the plain of Simancas July 21, 939. Ram is ser am. See Rameswaram . Ramleh (räm'le). [Ar., 'sand.] A town in Palestine, an important stopping-place on the road from Jaffa to Jerusalem, 13 miles from Jaffa. It was founded by the Ommiad calif Suleiman, and was twice captured during the Crusades by the Saracens. Napoleon had his headquarters there. Population, about 8,000. Ramman (räm'män). An A yro-Babylonian divinity who presided over storms. The eleventh month (the rainy month), Shebat, was dedicated to him. His worship extended over Syria (2 Ki. v. 18), under the names Dad , Hadad , and also Rimmon . See Hadad -rim mon . Ramman-Nirari (räm'män-ni-rä're). The name of several kings of As syria. The first reigned about 1345 B. C.; the second, 911-890 в. C.; and the third, 811-782 B. c. The last conquered many of the neighboring countries, and restored A yrian influence in Rammels berg (räm'mels-berg). A mountain in the Harz, Germany, directly south of Goslar. It is noted for its mines of copper, lead, silver, etc. Height, 2,040 feet. Rammohun Roy (räm-mo-hun' roi). Born about 1774 in the district of Murshidabad: died at Bristol, England, Sept. 27, 1833. The first great modern theistical reformer of India. His father was a Brahman, and his grandfather had been an official of the Mogul emperors. Disgusted with the extrava gant Hindu mythology, at 16 he composed a tract against idolatry. Persecuted, he fled to Benares and then to Tibet that he might converse with Buddhist priests, being determined to study each religion at its fountainhead. He learned Pali to read the Tripitaka, as later Arabic, Hebrew, and Greek to read the sacred books of those languages. At 20 he returned and resumed his Sanskrit studies, at the same time learning English. After his father's death in 1803 his antagonism to idolatry became more marked, and he set on foot the movement which resulted in 1830 in abolishing the self-immolation of widows (sati). He formed at Calcutta in 1816, the Atmiya Sabha, or Spiritual Society, which became in 1830 the Brahma Sabha, 'the A embly or Society of God,' the precursor of the later Adi-BrahmaSamaj and Brahma Samaj or Brahmo Somaj. In April, 1831, he visited England, where he stayed until his death. Ramnes (ram'nēz). One of the three tribes into which the ancient Roman people were said to have been divided: supposed to represent the Latin element in the composition of the nation. Ramnuggur (räm-nug'ur). A place in the Pan in Bible geography, probably identical with Mizpah (which see). Rampur (räm-pör'). 1. A native state in India, under British protection, intersected by lat. 28° 45' N., long. 79° E. Area, 945 square miles. Population (1891), 551,249.-2. The capital of the state of Rampur, situated on the Kosila. Population (1891), 76,733. Rampur Beauleah (be-a'le-ä). The capital of the district of Rajshahi, Bengal, British India, situated on the Ganges 130 miles north of Calcutta. Population (1891). 21,407. Ramri, or Ramree (räm-re'). An island west of British Burma, to which it belongs, situated about 120 miles south of Arakan. Length, about 50 miles. Ramsay (ram'zi), Allan. Born at Lead hills, Lan arks hire, Oct. 15, 1686: died at Edinburgh, Jan. 7, 1758. A Scottish poet. He was a peasant by birth, and was apprenticed at fifteen to a barber in Edinburgh. The "Gentle Shepherd," a pastoral comedy, his best-known work, was suggested by the critique of Pope's" Windsor Forest" in the "Guardian," April 7, 1713. It substituted for the pseudo-pastoral poetry of the time the real life of the Scotch shepherds. It has been called "the first genuine pastoral after Theocritus." He set up a book-shop in High street and published his collections of poems; "The Tea-Table Miscellany" (English and Scottish songs, 1724: the music for these was published in 1725), and the "Evergreen," the precursor of "Percy's Reliques,' containing Scottish songs written before 1600 (1724); "Thirty Fables" partly original (1730); "Scots Proverbs (1737); etc. Ramsay, Allan. Born at Edinburgh about 1713: died at Dover, Aug. 10, 1784. A Scottish portrait-painter, son of Allan Ramsay. Ramsay, Sir Andrew Crombie. Born at Glasgow, Jan. 31, 1814: died Dec. 9, 1891. A Scottish geologist. He was appointed director-general of the geological survey of the United Kingdom and of the Museum of Practical Geology in 1872, and was knighted on retiring from these offices in 1881. His works include "Physical Geology and Geography of Great Britain," etc. Ramsay, Andrew Michael, called the Chevalier de Ramsay. Born at Ayr, Scotland, Jan. 9, 1686: died at St.-Germain-en-Laye, France, May 6, 1743. A Scottish-French miscellaneous author. His chief work is "Voyages de Cyrus" (1727). Ramsay, David. Born in Lancaster County, Pa., April 2, 1749: died at Charleston, S. C., May 8, 1815. An American physician, historian, and patriot, a delegate to the Continental Congre . He published a "History of the Revolution of South Carolina, etc." (1785), "History of the American Revolution" (1789), "Life of Washington" (1807), "History of South Carolina" (1809), "History of the United States (1816: forming part of "Universal History American i zed," in 12 vols., 1819), etc. Ramsay, Edward Banner man Burnett. Born at Aberdeen, Jan. 31, 1793: died at Edinburgh, Dec. 27, 1872. A Scottish clergyman and author, dean of the diocese of Edinburgh in the Scottish Episcopal Church. His "Reminiscences of Scottish Life and Character" (1857) is notable. Ramsay, Fox Maule, second Baron Panmure chin Castle, For far shire, April 22, 1801: died July 6, 1874. A British politician, known at first as Fox Maule. He entered the army in his youth, and was returned to Parliament as a Liberal in 1835. He was secretary at war under Lord John Ru ell (1846-52), and under Lord Palmers ton (1855-58). He succeeded his father in the barony in 1852, and his cousin in the earl. dom in 1860, a uming the surname of Ramsay after that of Maule by royal license in 1861. and eleventh Earl of Dalhousie. Born at Bre Rams bottom (ramz'bot"um). A manufacturing town in Lancashire, England, situated on the Irwell. Population (1891), 16,726. Ramsden (ramz'den), Je e (ramz'den), Je e. Born at Salterhebble, near Halifax, England, 1735: died Nov. 5, 1800. An English manufacturer of mathematical instruments. Tel Telescopes and divided circles were among his specialties. Ramses. See Rameses . Ramsey (ram'zi). A seaport and watering-place in the Isle of Man, situated 12 miles north northeast of Douglas. Population (1891), 3,934. Ramsey, Alexander. Born near Harris burg, Pa., Sept. 8, 1815. An American politician. He was Whig member of Congre from Pennsylvania 18431847; governor of Minnesota Territory 1849-53; governor of Minnesota 1859-63; Republican United States senator from Minnesota 1863-75; secretary of war 1879-81; and a member of the Utah commi ion 1882-86. Ramsgate Ramsgate (ramz'gat). [See Thanet .] A seaport in the Isle of Thanet, Kent, England, situated on the North Sea 65 miles east by south of London: an important watering-place. Population (1891), 24,676. Ramus (rä-müs'), Joseph Marius. Born at Aix, France, June 19, 1805: died at Nogent-surSeine, June 3, 1888. A French sculptor. He went to Paris in 1822 and studied with Cortot. Among his works are "Daphnis et Chloé," "L'Innocence," "Céphale et Procris," "Anne d'Autriche" (gardens of the Luxembourg), a statue of Puget for Marseilles, Saint Michel and Saint Gabriel for the Church of St. Eustache, etc. Ramus (rā'mus), Petrus (Pierre de la Ramée). Born at Cuth, Ver man do is, France, 1515: killed in the ma acre of St. Bartholomew, Aug. 24, 1572. A French logician, noted for his writings directed against Aristo tel i an ism. at Ramusio (rä-mö'sē-ō), Giovanni Battista. Born at Treviso, Italy, June 20, 1485: died Padua, July 10, 1557. A Venetian statesman and author, secretary of the Senate and later of the Council of Ten. He traveled in various European countries. By correspondence he was acquainted Oviedo, Cabot, and other distinguished historians and travelers; and he was indefatigable in collecting accounts of the explorations made in his time. His "Delle navigation i e Viaggi, etc." (3 vols. 1550-59-63 and subsequent editions) is one of the most important of the early trav els. Ramusio's name first appeared in the second volume, which was delayed until 1559. Ran (rän). [ON. Rán .] In Old Norse mythology, a water-demon, the godde of the sea, where she caught drowning men in her net. She the Randolph, Theodore Frelinghuysen. Born at New Brunswick, N. J., June 24, 1826: died at Morris town, N. J., Nov. 7, 1883. An American politician. He was Democratic governor of New Jersey 1869-72, and United States senator from New Jersey 1875-81. Randolph, Thomas. Born at Houghton, Daventry, North amp tons hire, 1605: died 1634. An English poet and dramatist. He was educated at Westminster and Cambridge, and was also incorporated at Oxford. Ben Jonson adopted him as one of his "sons." He wrote "Aristippus," "The Muses' Looking-Gla , a Comedy," "Amyntas, or the Impo ible Dowry," "The Conceited Pedlar," "The Jealous Lovers," "Down with Knavery" (from the "Plutus" of Aris toph anes), etc.; also a number of minor poems. Randolph-Macon College. An institution of learning at Ashland, Virginia, opened in 1832. It is under the control of the Methodist Episcopal Church (South). It had 450 students in Random (random) Island. A small island in Trinity Bay, eastern Newfoundland. Random Sound. An inlet south of Random Island. Randon (ron-don'), Comte Jacques Louis Cé- March 25, 1795: died at Geneva, Jan. 16, 1871. sar Alexandre. Born at Grenoble, France, Raphael western Perth shire, Scotland, 36 miles northwest of Perth. Its outlet is indirectly into the Tay. Length, 94 miles. Ranpur (run-pör'). A small native state in India, under British protection, intersected by lat. 20° N., long. 85° E. Ranqueles (rän-kālās). Indians of the Argentine Republic, in the southern part of Mendoza, San Luis, and Córdoba. They are of the Pampean or Araucanian stock, and are said to have immigrated from Chile. They have had little intercourse with the whites. Ransom (ran's om), Thomas Edward Greenfield. Born at Norwich, Vt., Nov. 29, 1834: died near Rome, Ga., Oct. 29, 1864. An American gen eral in the Civil War. He entered the Union army as a volunteer at the beginning of the Civil War, and served with distinction at Fort Do nelson, at Shiloh, and in the At lant a campaign, attaining the brevet rank of major-general of volunteers in 1864. Rantoul (ran'töl), Robert. Born at Beverley, Ma ., Aug. 13, 1805: died at Washington, D. C., and reformer: an opponent of slavery. He 1852. An American politician, lawyer, United States senator from Ma achusetts in 1851; and chusetts 1851-52. Democratic and Free-soil member of Congre from Ma aRanz des Vaches (ron da väsh). [F., [F., 'chime of the cows.'] A strain of an irregular descrip ria and minister of war under Napoleon III. Rands fjord (ränds'fyôrd). A lake in southern Norway, north of Christiania. It has its outlet into Christiania Fjord. Length, 44 miles. merly situated near the Thames, in Chelsea, London. They were noted for concerts from 1740 to 1805, of the sea. Ran of Kachh. See Kachh . Rancagua (rän-käg'wä). A city of Chile, capital of the province of O'Higgins, 43 miles south of Santiago. Here the patriots under O'Higgins were defeated by the Spaniards under Osorio in a two days' battle in the streets, Oct. 1-2, 1814. O'Higgins escaped with only a small part of his force. Carrera was held sible for this defeat, as he could have reinforced O'Higgins. The disaster made the Spaniards masters of Chile until 1817. Population, about 8,000. Rancé (ron-sā'), Armand Jean le Bout hillier de. Born at Paris, Jan. 9, 1626: died at Soligny-la-Trappe, Orne, France, Oct. 12, 1700. Abbot of La Trappe: founder of the Trappists. Rand, The. See Wit waters rand . Randall (ran'dal), Alexander Williams. Born in Montgomery County, N. Y., Oct., 1819: died at Elmira, N. Y., N. Y., July 25, 1872. An American politician. He was Republican governor of Wis cons in 1857-61; United States minister to Italy 1861-62; and postmaster-general 1866-69. Randall, James Ryder. Born at Baltimore, Jan. 1, 1839. An American song-writer and journalist, author of "Maryland, my Maryland" (1861), and other songs in behalf of the Confederate cause. Randall, Samuel Jackson. Born at Philadelphia, Oct. 10, 1828: died at Washington, D. C., April 12. 1890. An American statesman. Hewas a Democratic member of Congre from Pennsylvania from 1863 until his death, and was speaker of the House 1876-81. He was noted as the leader of the Protectionist Democrats. Randall's Island. An island in the East River, opposite the upper part of New York city, to which it belongs. It contains several hospitals and other institutions. Rand egger (rän'deg-ger), Alberto. Born at Triest, April 13, 1832. An Italian composer, conductor, and singing-master. He went to England in 1854, and in 1868 was made profe or of singing at the Royal Academy of Music. Randers (rän'ders). The capital of Randers province in Jutland, Denmark, situated on the Guden-Aa 22 miles north by west of Aarhuus. It has manufactures of gloves, etc., and was a flourishing town in the middle ages. Population (1890), 16,617. Randolph (ran'dolf), Edmund. Born at Williams burg, Va., Aug. 10, 1753: died in Clarke County, Va., Sept. 13, 1813. An American statesman, nephew of Peyton Randolph. He was a delegate to Congre 1779 and 1780-82; governor of Virginia 1786-88; an influential delegate to the Constitutional Convention 1787 (introducer of the "Virginia Plan "); attorney general 1789-94; and secretary of state 1794-95. Randolph, John, "of Roanoke." Born at Cawsons, Chesterfield County, Va., June 2, 1773: died at Philadelphia, June 24, 1833. An American statesman. He was Democratic member of Congre from Virginia 1799-1813, 1815-17, and 1819-25; United States senator 1825-27;; member of Congre 1827-29; and United States minister to Ru ia 1830. He was reelected to Congre in 1832. Randolph, Peyton. Born at Williams burg, Va., 1723: died at Philadelphia, Oct. 22, 1775. An American patriot, a leading member of the Virginia House of Burge es. He was president of the first Continental Congre in 1774, and a delegate to Congre in 1775. and famous the scene of wild and extravagant entertainments, masquerades, etc. They were closed in 1805, and no trace now remains. Ranen Fjord (rä'nen fyôrd). A fiord on the western coast of Norway, in lat. 66° 20′ Ν. Rangeley (rānj'li) Lakes. A group of lakes in the western part of Maine, including Rangeley Lake, Lake Umbagog (partly in New Hampshire), etc. Their outlet is by the Andro scog gin. Ranger (ran'jer). 1. A character in Wycherley's comedy "Love in a Wood": a brilliant specimen of the rakish fine gentleman of the period.-2. A similar character in Hoadley's Suspicious Husband." Garrick created it. Rangoon, or Rangun (rän-gön'). The capital of Lower Burma, in the Pegu division, situated on the river Rangoon in lat. 16° 46′ N., long. 96°11′ E. It forms a district. It has considerable com ing. The Shoed a gong Pagoda is at the base a polygon of merce in rice, etc., and its principal industry is ship-build many sides carried up in a concave cone with decorated surface, and terminating in a sharp finial. It is about 400 feet in diameter and 300 high, and the base is surrounded by a great number of little pagodas. Rangoon was founded in 1753. It was taken by the British in 1824 and 1852. Population, including cantonment (1891), 180,324. Rangpur, or Rungpoor (rung-pör'). 1. A district in Bengal, British India, intersected by lat. 25° 40′ N., long. 89° 15′ E. Area, 3,486 square miles. Population (1891), 2,065,464. 2. The capital of the district of Rangpur, sit uated on the river Ghaghat. Population (1891), 14,216. Ranke (rän'ke), Leopold von. Born at Wiehe, Thu ring i a, Germany, Dec. 21, 1795: died at Berlin, May 23, 1886. A celebrated German historian. He was educated at Leipsic; became extraordinary profe or of history at Berlin in 1825, ordinary profe or in 1834, and historiographer of Pru ia in 1841; and retired from his profe orship in 1871. His chief works are "Geschichten der roman is chen und german is chen Völker von 1494 bis 1535" ("Histories of the Romanic and Teutonic Peoples 1494-1535," 1824), "Fürsten und Völker von Südeuropa im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert" ("Princes and Peoples of Southern Europe in the 16th and 17th Centuries," 1827), "Die serbische Revolution" ("The Servian Revolution," 1829), "Die Verschwörung gegen Venedig im Jahr 1688" ("The Conspiracy against Venice in 1688," 1831), "Die römischen Papste" ("The Zeitalter der Reformation" ("German History in the PePopes of Rome," 1834-37), "Deutsche Geschichte im riod of the Reformation," 1839-47), "Neun Bücher pre us sis cher Geschichte" ("Nine Books of Pru ian History," 1847-48), "Französische Geschichte, vornehmlich im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert" ("French History, especially in the 16th and 17th centuries," 1852-61), "Englische Geschichte im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert" ("English History in the 16th and 17th Centuries," 1859-67), "Weltgeschichte" ("Universal History," 1880-86), "Geschichte Wal lens teins" (1869), "Ursprung des Siebenjährigen Krieges" (1871), "Ursprung der Revolutionskriege 1791 und 1792" (1875), "Die deutschen Mächte und der Fürstenbund" (1872). Life by Prutz (1886). Rankine (ran'kin), William John Macquorn. Born at Edinburgh, July 5, 1820: died at Glasgow, Dec. 24, 1872. A Scottish physicist, profe or of civil engineering in the University of Glasgow from 1855. He wrote manuals on "The Steam-Engine," "Civil Engineering," etc. or blown on the Alpine horn in June to call the cattle from the valleys to the higher pastures. Grove. Raon-l'Étape (ron'la-täp'). A town in the depar department of Vosges, France, situated on the Meurthe 37 miles southeast of Nancy. Here, Oct. 5, 1870, the French were repulsed by the Baden army. Population (1891), commune, 4,036. Raoul Island. See Sunday Island. Raoul-Rochette (rä-öl'rö-shet') (Désiré Raoul). Born at St.-Amand, Cher, France, March 9, 1790: died at Paris, July 3, 1854. A French archæologist. He wrote "His to ire critique de Pétabli ement des colonies grecques" (1815), "Monuments inédits d'anti quités" (1828-30), "Peintures inédites " (1836), etc. Raoux (rä-ö'), Jean. Born at Montpellier, France, June 12, 1677: died at Paris, Feb. 10. 1734. A French genre-painter. He won the grand prix de Rome in 1704, and was made a member of the Academy in 1717. Rapa. See Oparo . Rapallo (rä-päl'lō). A small seaport in the province of Genoa, Italy, situated on the Gulf of Genoa 16 miles east of Genoa. It is a winter health-resort, and has a trade in oil. Rape of Lucrece, The. 1. A narrative poem by Shakspere, published in 1594.-2. A tragedy by Thomas Heywood, printed in 1608. It contains, singularly enough, comic songs. Rape of the Lock, The. A mock-heroic poem by Pope, published in two cantos in 1712, and in its present form in 1714. See Be linda , 5. Rape of the Sabines, The. 1. A group in marble by Giovanni da Bologna, in the Loggia dei Lanzi, Florence. A young Roman, bearing off a strug gling woman. strides over the crouching form of a Sabine warrior. 2. A vigorous painting by Luca Giordano, in the museum at Dresden. The Romans, in armor, are seiz ing the Sabine women, some of whom defend themselves with energy, in an open place adorned with an arch and Corinthian columns. Romulus, mounted, is in command. 3. A painting by Rubens, in the National Gallery, London. The scene is in the Forum, with the Pantheon and a triumphal arch in the background. Raphael (rā'fa-el or raf'ā-el). An angel mentioned in Jewish literature. He is the companion and instructor of Tobias in the Book of Tobit, and Milton represents him as a winged seraph sent by "heaven's high King" to converse as "friend with friend" with Adam. Raphael, Cartoons of. See Cartoons of Raphael. Raphael de Jesús (rä-fä-āl' de zhe-zös'). Born at Guimarães, 1614: died at Lisbon, Dec. 23, 1693. A Portuguese Benedictine monk and historian. He was made chronista-mor, or chief annalist, of the kingdom in 1681. His principal works are "Cast riot a Lusitana," a history of the war against the Dutch in Brazil (1679: 2d ed. 1844), and "Monarch i a Lusitana, parte septima," containing the reign of Affonso IV. (1683). His "Vida d' el rei D. João IV." remains in manuscript at Lisbon. Raphael of Cats, The. A name given to the Swi painter Gottfried Mind. Raphael (rä'fa-el) (or Rafael, or Raffaello) Sanzio (sän'ze-ō) or Santi (sän'tē). Born at Urbino, Italy, March 28, 1483: died at Rome, April 6, 1520. A celebrated Italian painter. He studied under his father, Giovanni Santi, and after about 1499 under Perugino in Perugia, whose style he imitated for many years. He a isted in the decoration of the Sala Raphael Perugino, is the "Coronation of the Virgin" (1503), now in the Vatican. From 1503 to 1504 he painted a series of pictures for the Città di Castello, of which is the "Mar riage of the Virgin," or "Sposalizio," in the museum of Brera. In 1504 he established himself in Florence, but worked also at Perugia and Siena. To this period belongs the St. George of the Louvre. The works of the second or Florentine period are mainly Madonnas and Holy Families, also the portrait of himself in the Uffizi. Here he studied the great cartoons of Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. In 1508, at the recommendation of his countryman Bramante, he went to Rome to decorate the Vatican for Julius II. In this third and last period Raphael emancipated himself from the traditions of his predece ors and formed his own style. His activity at this time, during the remainder IMG:content-0831.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0832.png:[ocr errors] In 1514 he was appointed chief architect of St. Peter's. He organized fètes for the popes, was guardian of antiquities, and had prepared a great archæological work on Roman Fem in i no me may be divided into five main groups: (1) The Stanze of the Vatican. (2) Loggie Vatican. (3) Decoration of the Villa Chigi (Farnesina). (4) Cartoons for the tapestries of the Sistine Chapel (they are now at the South Kensington Museum, London). A tapestry from Raphael's cartoons is preserved in the old museum at Berlin. It was made at Bru els for Henry VIII, in 15151516. The colors are somewhat faded. There are 9 subjects in this collection, the tenth, "Paul in Prison at Philippi," having perished. (5) Works at St. Peter's. Among his chief easel-pictures are "Sposalizio" (1504: in Milan), "Entombment" (Borghese, Rome), "La belle jardinière" (Louvre), "La Fornarina" (Rome), "The Resurrection" (Vatican), "The Crucifixion" (London), "Coronation of the Virgin" (Vatican), "Marriage of the Virgin" (Milan), "St. George and the Dragon," "St. Michael," "St. John," "Apollo and Marsias" (Louvre), "The Transfiguration," finished by Giulio Romano (1519-20: Vatican), "Vision of Ezekiel" (Florence), "Lo Spasimo" (Madrid). See Madonna . (Vatican), Raphia (ra-fi'ä). [Gr. ' Ραφία .] In ancient geography, a city on the coast of Palestine, southwest of Gaza. Near it Ptolemy Philopator defeated Antiochus the Great in 217 в. с. Raphoe (ra-fō'). An ancient episcopal city in Donegal, northern Ireland, 13 miles southwest of London derry. Rapid an (rap-i-dan'). The chief tributary of the Rappahannock, in Virginia, which it joins 10 miles west-northwest of Fred ericks burg. Length, 75-100 miles. Rapp (räp), George. Born at Würtemberg, 1770: died at Economy, Pa., Aug. 7, 1847. A German American socialist, founder of the Harmonists. He emigrated with his followers in 1803 to Pennsylvania, where he founded a religious communistic settlement, which received the name of Harmony. In 1815 the community removed to Indiana. new settlement called New Harmony. The property at New Harmony was sold to Robert Owen in 1824, and the Harmonists removed to Beaver County, Pennsylvania, where they built the village of Economy. Rapp continued to be the spiri. tual head of the Harmonists until his death. Rapp, Comte Jean. Born at Colmar, Alsace, April 26, 1772: died near Lörrach, Baden, Nov. 8, 1821. A French general. He served in the Napoleonic campaigns, and was particularly distinguished at the defense of Dantzic 1813-14, which he surrendered in Jan., 1814. Rappaccini's Daughter. A tale by Hawthorne, published in 1844. Rappahannock (rap-a-han'ok). A river in Virginia. It is formed by the union of the North Fork with other branches, and flows into Chesapeake Bay 25 miles south of the mouth of the Potomac. It was of great strategic importance in the Civil War, particularly in the cam paigns of the Army of the Potomac 1862-64. Length, over 200 miles. IMG:content-0833.png:[blocks in formation] Rarotonga. ga. See Raratonga . Rasalas (ras'a-las). [Ar. rás - al - asad , the head of the lion.] The third-magnitude staru Leonis. It is often further designated as Alshemali or Borealis , as being the northernmost of the group of stars in the lion's head. Ras-al-get hi (räs-al-ge'thi), also Ras-al-get i. [Ar. rás - al - jathi , the head of the kneeler (the giant being represented as kneeling).] The third magnitude variable colored double star a Herculis, in the head of the constellation. Rasalhague (räs-al-ha'gu). [Ar.rás-al - hauwd, the head of the serpent-charmer.] The second magnitude star a Ophiuchi, in the head of the constellation. Ratisbon for the British Museum. He has published "The British Mi ion to Theodore, King of Aby in i a" (1869). Rascia (rash'ia). A region in the southern part of Bosnia. The chief place is Nov i bazar. by Dr. Samuel Johnson, published in 1759. Ra elas (ras'e-las). A philosophical romance