Antonius, Marcus

the great triumvir, grandson of the preceding, was B. 85 B. с.- After a profligate youth, he earned distinction as a soldier both in Syria and Egypt; joined Julius Cæsar in Gaul, and became his staunch adherent. Made quæstor, augur, and tribune, he participated in the great victory of Pharsalia, was made consul along with Cæsar, B.C 44, and offered him the royal title. After the death of Cæsar, A. was opposed by Octavius (August us), who defeated him at Mutina. The two, however becoming reconciled, were joined with Lepidus in the formation of the first triumvirate. Cicero was a victim to the hatred of A. in the proscription which afterward took place. At Philippi the republican army of Brutus and Ca ius experienced defeat, and the lo of its leaders. - A., later, visited Greece and Asia, and met the famous Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, to whose beauty and fascinations he succumbed, and with whom he made a long stay. On the death of his wife Fulvia, he had married, in 40 B.C., Octavia, sister of August us, whom in a few years he divorced through his infatuation for Cleopatra. The triumvirate was re-established in 37. After his invasion of Parthia and Armenia, A. a umed despotic power, which caused the war, ending with his total overthrow at the battle of Actium, and the triumph of August us, B. c. 31. A. retired to Egypt, and there destroyed himself, B. c. 30. onoma, a name.] ( Rhet .) A mode of speaking in which a person is addre ed or described by some general term in place of his proper name; as, a Cicero for an orator; в Nero for a tyrant, . An to nomas'tically, adv . By way of antonomasia. An'trim, a county of Ireland, prov. of Ulster, bounded N. and E. by the sea, S. by Lough Neagh and the county of Down, and W. by the county of London derry. Area , 1,164 sq. m.- Desc. Mountainous near the coast, and the S.W. abounds with bogs. A stupendous a emblage of basaltic columns, the Giant's Causeway, is seen on the maritime confines of A. , as also Fair Head, and other lofty capes and promontories. - Rivers . The principal are the Bann, and the Laggan. Manuf . Linen yarn, wool, canvas, paper, . Considerable fisheries are carried on. Towns . The chief are Antrim, Belfast, Carrick fer gus, and Lisburn. Pop . (1895), 404,015. ANTRIM, a town and parish in the above county, situate at the north end of Lough Neagh. Pop ., including Ma arene, 2,000. An'trim, in Michigan , a county in the N.W. part of the lower peninsula, bordering on Grand Traverse Bay, Lake Michigan. Area , 538 sq. m. Pop . (1895), 10,413. -a post-township of Shiawa ee co., about 60 m. N. W. of Detroit. An'trim, in Minnesota , a twp. of Watonwan co. Pop ., 322. An'trim, in New Hampshire , a post-township of Hills borough co., 25 m. S.W. of Concord, and lying on the Con too cook river. An'trim, in Ohio , a post-village of Madison township, in Guernsey co., 91 m. E. by N. of Columbus. -a township of Wyandot co., abt. 58 m. N.W. of ColumAn'trim, in Pennsylvania, a township of Franklin county. bus. An'trim City, in Michigan , a post-vill. of Antrim co. Antuc'co, a volcanic mountain in the Andes of Chili, Lat. 36° 50 S.; Lon. 70° 30′ W. Its altitude, recently corrected, is 9,051 ft. The summit is steep on all sides, but nearly perpendicular towards the N. After the peaks of Teneriffe and Cotopaxi, it is probably the most pointed mountain known. Antwerp, [Fr. Anvers , a prov. of Belgium, situated between Lat. 51° and 510 30 N., and Lon. 4° 10 and 50 10' E.; bounded on the N. and N.E. by the Dutch prov. of N. Brabant; on the S.E. by the prov. of Limburg; on the S. by S. Brabant; on the W. it is separated from E. Flanders by the Scheldt.- Area , 1,094 sq. m.-Rivers, the Scheldt, the Great and Little Nèthe, which unite and form the Ruppel, the Dyle, and the Senne. Desc. The surface is a perfect level, and so low that water may always be found at a depth of 8 to 10 inches. In the N. and E. districts are extensive moorlands, presenting numerous lakes and mora es. The best agricultural soil is in the arrond. of Mechlin.- Prod . Corn in great supply, madder, hops, tobacco, rapeseed, and lint. Manf. Lace, silk, printed calicoes, linen and cotton fabrics, straw hats, wax cloth, tobacco, and salt. Sugar refineries, distilleries of vinegar, breweries, soap-works, and tanneries are numerous.- Hist . Before Cæsar's conquest it was inhabited by the Ambivarites. The marquisate of A. first appears in history in the year 1080. By the marriage of the Archduke Maximilian with Mary of Burgundy, it came into the po e ion of the house of Austria; in 1795 it formed the French dep. of DeuxNèthes; in 1814 it was made a part of the kingdom of the Netherlands, and in 1830 it became a province of Belgium. ANT'WERP, cap. of the above prov. and the principal seaport of Belgium, is situated on the right bank of the Scheldt, 45 m. above Flushing, at the mouth of the river, 75 m. S. of Amsterdam, and 27 m. N. of Bru els. It contains 11 canals, which penetrate to the interior of IMG:content-0249.jpg:[graphic][merged small] any case. specimens of Gothic architecture. It has 66 chapels; and the paintings above the altars are by Rubens, who An'ywhere, adv . In any place. is buried here in the church of St. James; the most cele- brated of these productions, The Descent from the Cro , is generally considered his chief work. The church is 500 ft. long, 230 wide, and 360 high; the spire is 403 ft. high, and ascended by 620 steps. The Museum of A. contains 127 chef-d'œuvres of the Flemish school. There are also a royal academy of arts, a public library, a botanical garden, a medical school, and a great military arsenal. The city is environed with a high wall, and is also de- fended by a large, strong, and regular citadel, erected by the duke of Alva in 1568. This celebrated citadel sustained sundry blockades and sieges in 1576, 1583, 1585, 1706, 1748, 1789, 1792, 1796, 1814, and 1832. No expense was spared by Napoleon I. to deepen the river, enlarge the harbor, and strengthen the fortifications of A., which he intended to make one of his principal naval stations. The commerce of A. , relatively below what it was in the 15th and 16th cent., has become one of the leading ports of Europe. The new line of quays, opened in 1885, extend over 2 miles and cost over $20, 000,000. The Flemish is the language of the majority of the people, but French is generally in use among the higher cla es.- Hist . This celebrated city boasts of great antiquity. Ravaged by the Normans in 836 or 837, it attained the acmé of its splendor in the begin- ning of the 16th century. In 1500, A. contained more than 200,000 inhabitants. In 1576 it was plundered by the Spaniards; it surrendered to Marl borough in 1706; the French took it in 1746, but restored it at the treaty of Aix-la-Chapeile; it was again taken by the French in 1794, and occupied for 20 years. A. was the birth- place of the painters Teniers, Vandyke, and Jordaens. Pop . (1891), 232,723. county. Antwerp, in New York, a thriving post-township of Jefferson county, po e ing also a village of the same name. Ant'werp, in Ohio, a post-vill. of Paulding co., on the Maumee river, abt. 20 m. E.N.E. of Fort Wayne. Anubis, ( Myth . ,) one of the most distinguished deities of the Egyptians. At first, he was worshipped under the form of a dog; afterwards, under that of a man with a dog's head; hence he was termed Cynocephalus . Tradition calls him a son of Osiris by Nephthys, whom he mistook for Isis. When Isis was convinced of this by the lotus wreath left with Nephthys by Osiris, she sought out the child, exposed by his mother for fear of Typhon, discovered him with the help of a dog, educated him, and found in him a faithful guard and attendant. A. guards the gods as the dog guards men. According to the astronomical theology of the Egyptians, he was the 7th among the 8 gods of the first cla , and designated the planet Mercury, as did also Piernies , the more common name of the planet. He was, consequently, lord of the ascendant for an hour of the day, and genius of wisdom. His original form was derived, probably, from the worship of the dog among the Egyptians, who regarded him as the god of hunting; then he became, according to Zoega, a guardian spirit in general, a protector of the gods. The Greeks recognized in him their Hermes, with whom, therefore, he became confounded.