defective

[Fr. défectif, from Lat. defect i vus; Sp. & Port. defectivo; Ital. difettivo.] IMG:content-2009.png:[blocks in formation] noun or verb. 2. Music : [DIMINISHED, IMPERFECTт.] Crabb thus discriminates between defective and deficient: " Defective expre es the quality or property of having a defect . [BLEMISH.] Deficient is employed with regard to the thing itself that is wanting. A book may be defective in consequence of some leaves being deficient . A deficiency is therefore often what constitutes a defect . Many things, however, may be defective without having any deficiency, and vice vers a . Whatever is mi hapen, and fails either in beauty or utility, is defective ; that which is wanted to make a thing complete is deficient. It is a defect in the eye when it is so con. structed that things are not seen at their proper distances; there is a deficiency in a tradesman's accounts when one side is made to fall short of the other. Things only are said to be defective ; but persons may be termed deficient either in attention, in good breeding, in civility, or whatever else the occasion may require." (Crabb: Eng. Synon.) Defective hyperbola : Math .: A curve having two infinite branches and but one rectilinear asymptote. dě-fect-ive-lý, adv. [Eng. defective; -ly.] In a defective manner; imperfectly. "The poets used to expre it sometimes defectively, and sometimes more fully."- Abp . Usher. Answer to the Jesuit Malone , p. 299. defencible †dě-fect'-ive-ne , s . [Eng. defective; -ne .) The quality or state of being defective; imperfec tion, deficiency, faultine . "the defectivene of some other particular, *dě-fect-u-os-i-ty, s. [Fr. défectuosité ; Sp. de . fectuosidad; Ital. difettosità as if from a Lat. defectuositas .] The same as DEFECTIVENESS (q.v.). "Those acts, wherein man conceives some perfection, are in the sight of God defectuosities ."-W. Mountagu: Devout E ays, ii. 135. *dě-fect'-u-oŭs, a . [Lat. defectuosus ; Fr. défect ueux ; Sp. & Port. defectuoso; Ital. difettoso .] Defective, deficient, imperfect, faulty. "Nothing in nature or in prouidence, that is scant or defectuous, can be stable or lasting."-Barrow: Serm., ii. 15. *def-e-da-tion, *def-e-da-tion, s. [Fr. défé dation , from Lat. de (intens.), fœdo to befoul.] A making foul or dirty; a staining or defiling. succe ive crops “. Of defædations oft will spot the skin. Grainger: Sugar Cane, iv. de-fěnçe, de-fense', *de-fens, *dif-fence, *diffense, s. [Fr. défense ; Sp. & Port. defensa ; Ital. difesa , from Lat. defensa a defending, from de fens us, pa. par. of defendo to defend. ( Skeat .)] IMG:content-2010.png:[blocks in formation] 3. The science of defending or guarding against enemies; military skill. "He is, said he, a man of great defence, Expert in battell, and in deedes of armes." II. Figuratively : Spenser: F. Q., V. ii. 5. 1. A vindication, apology, or justification, whether in words or writing. "Alexander beckoned with his hand, and would have made his defense unto the people."- Acts xix. 33. *2. A prohibition. "My wol not certein breken youre diffence ." B. Technically : Chaucer: Troilus, iii. 1,250. 1. Fort.: That part which flanks another work. 2 Law : (1) The vindication made by or for a defendant in any case. "Defense, in its true legal sense, signifies not a justifica tion, protection guard which is now its popular sign i fication; but merely an opposing or denial (from the French verb defender ) of the truth or validity of the com plaint."-Black stone: Comment ., bk. iii., ch. xx. (2) The side or part of the defendant. "The examination and cro -examination of the wit ne es for the defense."--London Daily Telegraph. Line of defense: Fort.: A continuous line or succe ion of fortified places. Crabb thus discriminates between defense and protection: " Defense requires some active exertion either of the body or mind; protection may consist only of the extension of power in behalf of any par ticular. A defense is succe ful or unsucce ful; a protection weak or strong. A soldier defends his country; a counsellor defends his client; a prince protects his subjects." ( Crabb : Eng . Synon.) *defence-month, s. The same as FENCE-MONTH (q. v.). "The Fence-Month by the Ancient Foresters was called the Defence -month, and is the Fawning-time; during which Watch and Ward is kept."- W. Nelson: Laws Conc. Game, p. 77. *dě-fençe' *de-fensyn, v . t . [DEFENSE, 8.] 1. To defend or protect with fortifications; to fortify. Fairfax . "The city itself he strongly fortifies, Three sides by six it well defenced has." "Defensyn. Defenso, munio."-Prompt. Parv. 2. To defend, to maintain. "This Gospell she hath maintained in her king domes that sought change."-Lyly: Euphues and His owne countries without change, and defenced against all England , IMG:content-2011.png:[blocks in formation] fate, fat, färe, amidst, what, fall, pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; gō, pět, IMG:content-2012.png:[merged small][ocr errors][merged small] IMG:content-2013.png:[blocks in formation] I. Ordinary Language : *1. To ward or keep off, to repel. "Great Jove defend the mischiefes now at hand." Ferrex & Porrex ( Dodsley , i. 129). 2. To protect, to guard; to ward or repel attacks from. "Deliver me from mine enemies, O my God! defend me from them that rise up against me." Ps . liv. 1. 3. To support, to maintain, to vindicate, to up- hold by power or argument. "And here the acce a gloomy grove defends, And here th' innavigable lake extends." "For it would be ridiculous to suppose that the defend. ant comes and defends (or, in the vulgar acceptation, jus- tifies,) the force and injury, in one line, and pleads that he is not guilty of the trespa complained of, in the next." -Black stone : Comment., bk. iii.. ch. xx. 2. To plead a cause for a defendant. B. Intransitive : IMG:content-2014.png:[blocks in formation] defended. IMG:content-2015.png:[blocks in formation] II. Technically: 1. Law: (1) U. S. and Eng .: An advocate who pleads the case for a defendant. (2) Scots Law : A defendant. 2. Hist . (pl.): A faction in Ireland, which took its origin from a quarrel between residents of Market Hill on July 4, 1784. Their friends joined them, and many battles were fought. The Defenders were Roman Catholics; their opponents, who were ultimately called Peep-o'-day Boys, were Presbyterians, or at least Protestants. [PEEP OF DAY.] ( Haydn .) Defender of the Faith ( Fidei defensor ): A title generally believed to have been bestowed by Pope Leo X. on Henry VIII., in 1521, for his treatise on the Seven Sacraments, written in opposition to Luther. The title has ever since, been retained by the sovereigns of England. But Chamberlayne says the †1. To protect, to act as a guard or protection; to title belonged to the kings of England before 1521, make defense. "Lay down our proportions to defend Against the Scot." Shakesp.: Henry V., i. 2. *2. To forbid. "God defend his grace should say us nay!" Shakesp.: Richard III., iii. 7. *II. Law: To appear in court and make a defense of a case. Crabb thus discriminates between to defend, to protect, and to vindicate : "Defend is a general term; it defines nothing with regard to the degree and manner of the action; protect is a particular and positive term, expre ing an action of some considerable importance. Persons may defend others without of rank or station: none but superiors protect their inferiors. Defense is an occasional action; protection is a permanent ac tion. A person may be defended in any particular case of actual danger or difficulty; he is protected from what may happen as well as what does hap Defense respects the evil that threatens; pro tection involves the supply of nece ities and the affording comforts. To vindicate is a species of defense only in the moral sense of the word. Acts of importance are defended : those of trifling import are commonly vindicated . Defense is employed in matters of opinion or conduct, vindi . cate only in matters of conduct." (Crabb: Eng. Synon.) †dě-fend-a-ble, *de-fend-i-ble, a . [Eng. de fend; -able .] Capable of being defended. easily defendible by the power of man's reason and art,."-Derham: Physico- Theology , bk. v., ch. vi. dě-fendant, *dě-fen-dent, a. & s. fendant , pr. par. of défendre to defend.] [Fr. dé A. As adjective : *I. Ordinary Language : 1. Defending; acting on the defense. "Now growling, spluttering, wauling, such a clutter, 'Tis just like pu defendant in a gutter." Dryden: Epilogue to The King and Queen. 2. Defensive; fit for defense. "With men of courage and with means defendant." Shakesp.: Henry V., ii. 4. II. Law : In the position of a defendant. then commeth an officer and arrest eth the party defendant."-Huckluyt: Voyages, vol. i., p. 240. B. As substantive: I. Ordinary Language : 1. One who defends, protects, or guards another against danger; a defender, a protector. " -Wilkins : Conveniently fight the defendants on the wall." Mathematical Magic . 2. One who defends a cause. "But the defendant doth that plea deny, And says in him thy fair appearance lies." Shakesp .: Sonnets, 46. bôil, boy; pout, jowl; cat, çell, chorus, and in proof of his a ertion appeals to several charters granted to the University of Oxford; so that Pope Leo's Bull was only a renovation of an ancient right. (1) Crabb thus discriminates between defender, advocate, and pleader :"A defender exerts himself in favor of one that wants support; an advocate, from the Latin advoco , to call or speak for, signifies one who is called to the a istance of another; he exerts himself in favor of any cause that offers; a pleader , from plea or excuse , signifies him who exerts himself in favor of one who is in distre . A defender attempts to keep off the threatened injury by rebutting the attack of another: an advocate states that which is to the advantage of the person or thing advocated: a pleader throws in pleas and extenuations; he blends entreaty with argument. require defenders ; that which falls in with the Oppre ed or accused persons and disputed opinions humors of men will always have advocates ; the unfortunate and the guilty require pleaders ." ( Crabb : Eng. Synon.) dant, see DEFENDANT. (2) For the difference between defender and defen dě-fend-ing, pr. par., a. & 8. [DEFEND.] A. & B. As pr. par. & particip. adj.: (See the verb.) IMG:content-2016.png:[blocks in formation] Queene's maiesties vsuall stile of England, France, and Ireland, defendre e of the faith, ."- Stow : Queen Elizabeth (an. 1586). *de-fen-er-a-tion, s. [Lat. de =of, and fenero= to lend on usury.] Law : The act of lending money on usury. (Whar- ton .) dě-fens-a-tive, s. & a . [Formed as if from a Lat. defensativus ; from defenso =to defend.] A. As substantive : 1. Ord. Lang.: A defense, a protection, a guard. "A very unsafe defensative it is against the fury of the lion."- Browne : Vulgar Errors. 2. Surg .: A bandage, plaster, ., used to protect a wound from external injury. B. As adj .: Defensive. dě-fense, s. [DEFENCE.] defensively