Rossini

(ros-se'-nl), Gioacchino Antonio, compr. b. Pesaro, Feb. 29, 1792, d. Ruelle, near Paris, Nov. 13, 1868. Father town trumpeter and mother amateur singer; pupil of A. Tesei at Bologna ana of Mattei for composition, giving himself further training by copying scores; 1st opera produced Venice 1810; first senous opera Tancred 1813, followed by L’ltahana in Algeri, so firmly established his reputation that he agreed to supply 2 operas a year to Barbaja at Naples: besides this contract, composed Barber of Seville (Rome 1816) in three weeks; jealousy for PaiRiello’s work on same subject made first performance a failure, but the second was a triumph, wrote for Barbaja in Milan and Naples about 28 operas; cool reception of Semiramide. Venice, 1823, made him go to London where he gained fortune from concerts and le ons; after five months went to Paris as director of Th6 It alien; R. became thoroughly French and produced for Paris 0p6ra, 1829, his French opera William Tell; thereafter fell into inexplicable inactivity, writing practically nothing else Tbut the Stabat Mater 1832; married singer Isabella Colbran, later Olympe Peli ier. As a man he was brilliant, witty, cynical, pleasure-loving; in music he differed from his Italian forerunners m his use of full accompaniments in place of older recitativo secco in development of orchestral variety, especially in horn parts, in composition of cadenzas (not leaving them to singers); he falls short of later composers in idealism; he wrote quite frankly for popularity both with singers and audience, supplying voice parts of originality and 218 ROTOLI brilliancy; his great fertility in invention of melody led to too great facility and frivolity; but just these qualities when they are appropriate, as m the Barber of Seville, make a masterpiece. Rotoli (rot-5-11), August©, compr. b Rome, Jan. 7, 1847; d. Boston, Nov. 26, 1904. Pupil of Lucchesi; chorister at St. Peter's; condr and founder of choral soc.; teacher of pnnce ; maestro of royal chapel of Sudano 1878, vocal instructor New England Cons, after 18S5; choir director at St. James Church, Boston, after 1896; compr of Roman Ma , many songs, and secular comp succe ful teacher. Rouget de L’Isle (ro-zh&-d6-l§l), Claude Joseph, compr. b. Lons-le-Saunier, Jura, May 10, 1760; d. Choisy-le- Roi, June 26, 1836. Composed French national hymn, La Marseillaise, 1792, while military engineer at Stra buig; later in Paris composed Chant du combat, etc., 25 Romances and 50 Chants frangais.