conic sections

pl. Geometry, Algebra , and History : 1. Geom .: That part of geometry which treats of . -tious, -cio us , del The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia base, a triangle is produced, while if it do so par- allel to the base a circle is the resultant; but con- vent i on ally a triangle and a circle are excluded from the list of "conic sections," the term being limited to the three figures first mentioned. 2. Alg .: Algebraically viewed, conic sections are curves of the second degree, i . e., the curves belong ing to such equations between co-ordinates are of the second degree. 3. Hist . of Geom.: The Greeks studied conic sec tions about the time of Plato, B. C. 390. About B. C. 330 Aristœus wrote a treatise on them, and Apollo-co-ni-dæ, s . pl . [Lat. conus ; and fem. pl. adj. nius eight books on the subject about B. C. 240. But in the hands of the Greek geometricians no special interest was known to attach to conic sec- tions. Their value was not perceived till Galileo discovered that projectiles move in parabolic curves, and Kepler that planets do so in elliptical orbits. Now conic sections are regarded as an indispensable part of the higher geometry, with continual application to natural philosophy. IMG:content-0609.png:[blocks in formation] latitude are made equal, which is very nearly accu- rate; and the parallels of latitude are perpendicular to the vertical right line into which the middle longitude circle is thrown. The proportions in length between the meridians of longitude and the parallels of latitude are made everywhere the same as on the actual globe. This plan, slightly modified, was adopted by the French. IMG:content-0610.png:[blocks in formation] posed of radioniciopper esquioxide 2136 diwater, 561. Found copper 31-76; lime, in Anda- lusia. in Spain. ( Dana .) con'-i-çine, s. The same as CONINE (q. v.). tcon-1'-çi-ty, s. [Eng. conic ; -ity .] The quality Shaped to a certain extendikecombut present in compete cha ped . Larix europœa , .). It forms needle-shaped crys. tals, C16H22O82H2O, which effloresce in dry air- give off water at 100°, and melt at 185°: soluble in hot water, and slightly soluble in alcohol. With strong sulphuric acid conifer in gives a violet color. turning red; on diluting the sulphuric acid solution a blue resin is deposited. Conifer in boiled with dilute acids is converted into a resin and glucose, cō-nifer-ol, s. [Eng., ., conifer ; Lat. ol ( eum ).] Inorganic Chem.: Coniferyl alcohol, C10H1203, or (OCH3 C6H3 Oн A substance isomeric with ethyl IMG:content-0611.png:[blocks in formation] 1. Bot .: An order of plants, of those recog- Ju ieu in 1789 adopted the name. Lindley altered it to Pinaceæ, but retained the term Conifers as its co-nine, s . [Lat. conium hemlock, and Eng. English equivalent. Formerly he called them Cosuff.- ine ( Chem .).] nacee. Gymnosperms. They are fine trees or shrubs a bound- Con'a. An alkaloid contained along with Conhy- ing in resin. Leaves linear, acerose, or lanceolate, drine (q. v.) in hemlock, Conium maculatum . Conine entire at the margin, often fascicled. Inflorescence is a limpid, oily liquid, boiling at about 168°. It amentaceous, each floret with one stamen or a few united; ovary spread open: it arises from the axil of a membranous bract; ovule naked in pairs or several inverted. Fruit, a cone [CONE]; embryo by the absence of proper ducts in the woody layers, and by the presence of large areolar disks on the IMG:content-0612.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0613.png:[blocks in formation] period, and on to present time south the Secondary together; in quin at us , pa pare then our at the same Acrogens. They flourish through the higher con-in-quin-ate, vt Lat in quin or to pol ing still greater resemblance a figure indicated may have been taxoid (Yew-like), though time. in the second word of the compound. E entially hem i- conico-hemispherical, a. spherical, but with resemblances to a short cone. the genus Pinites also occurs. The species in the Secondary rocks were more akin to the Araucaria and kystis a bladder.] IMG:content-0614.png:[blocks in formation] The flowers are greenish-white. They appear in June and July. The plant is two to four, five, or more feet high. It is common in waste places, by roadsides, and under walls. Various species of Hemlock occur in this country, Europe and Asia. Conium is a good anodyne and a valuable medicine in scirrhus, scrofulous tumors, dropsy, and epilepsy. Taken in undue quantities it produces giddine , dimne of sight, nausea, and paralysis of the limbs. It is not, however, nearly so poisonous as the Water. Hemlock, Cicuta virosa . It seems to have been the Cicuta and not the Conium which was used to poison So crates. [HEMLOCK] Still the conium is highly dangerous. The extract which renders it so is called CONIA (q. v.). "Conject and cast into everlasting damnation." -Bacon. *con-jěct', v . t. & [Lat. conjectum , sup. of con- Conirostres (Head of Great Hornbill). IMG:content-0615.png:[blocks in formation] plotting or planning. *côn-ject'-ment, s. [Eng. conject; -ment.] A ings."-Chaucer: Test. of Love , bk. ii. "By false disceivable coniectments of mans beguil. *con-jěc'-tõr, s. [Lat., from conjicio.] [CON- JECT.] One who gue es, conjectures, or divines. And from thy painted skin conclude." Swift. côn-jěc-tu-ra-ble, a . [Eng.conjectur(e); -able.] Po ible to be conjectured, gue ed, or divined. con-jěc'-tu-ral, a. [Eng. conjectur (e); -al . ] 1. Depending upon conjecture or gue work. "Who or what such Editor may be, must remain con- jectural , "-Carlyle: Sartor Resartus, bk. i., ch. ii, 2. Said or done upon conjecture or gue work. "Who thrives and who declines; side factions and give IMG:content-0616.jpg:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0617.png:[blocks in formation] 2. To gue , to infer, to surmise, to divine. "You shal perceive the treasons false of Greeks, and IMG:content-0618.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0619.png:[graphic] IMG:content-0620.png:[merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small] IMG:content-0621.jpg:[blocks in formation] conjoinedly *con-join-ed-lý, adv. [Eng. conjoined; -ly.] Conjointly, in union or a ociation. "The which also undoubtedly, although not so conjoinedly as in his epistle, he a ures in his gospel."-Barrow: Works, ii. 493. (Latham.) *còn-join-er, s. [Eng. conjoin; -er.] He who or that which conjoins or connects. còn-join-ing, *con-joyn-ing, pr. par., a. & s. [CONJOIN.] A. & B. As pr. par. & particip . adj .: (See the verb.) C. As substantive: 1. The act of joining or uniting together. IMG:content-0622.png:[blocks in formation] 1060